Перевод: с латинского на английский

с английского на латинский

Any speech

  • 1 parabola

    părăbŏla, ae, and părăbŏlē, ēs, f., = parabolê, a comparison.
    I.
    Lit.: in omni parabole aut praecedit similitudo, res sequitur;

    aut praecedit res, similitude sequitur,

    Quint. 8, 3, 77; 6, 3, 59:

    qui simpliciter et demonstrandae rei causā eloquebantur, parabolis referti sunt,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 5.—
    II.
    Transf., in eccl. Lat., an allegorical relation, a parable, Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 5; Aug. quaest. Evang. 2, 45; Vulg. Job, 27, 1; id. Matt. 13, 3 et saep.—
    B.
    A proverb, Vulg. 3 Reg. 4, 32.—
    C.
    A taunting speech, Vulg. Hab. 2, 6.—
    D.
    Any speech, esp. in phrase:

    assumptā parabolā,

    Vulg. Num. 23, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > parabola

  • 2 parabole

    părăbŏla, ae, and părăbŏlē, ēs, f., = parabolê, a comparison.
    I.
    Lit.: in omni parabole aut praecedit similitudo, res sequitur;

    aut praecedit res, similitude sequitur,

    Quint. 8, 3, 77; 6, 3, 59:

    qui simpliciter et demonstrandae rei causā eloquebantur, parabolis referti sunt,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 5.—
    II.
    Transf., in eccl. Lat., an allegorical relation, a parable, Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 5; Aug. quaest. Evang. 2, 45; Vulg. Job, 27, 1; id. Matt. 13, 3 et saep.—
    B.
    A proverb, Vulg. 3 Reg. 4, 32.—
    C.
    A taunting speech, Vulg. Hab. 2, 6.—
    D.
    Any speech, esp. in phrase:

    assumptā parabolā,

    Vulg. Num. 23, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > parabole

  • 3 solutum

    solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

    soluisse,

    Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
    I.
    To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    Outwardly, to release.
    a.
    From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

    solvite istas,

    i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

    solvite istum,

    id. Mil. 5, 32:

    numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

    jube solvi (eum),

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

    ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

    ut vincti solvantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

    12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    ita nexi soluti (sunt),

    Liv. 8, 28, 9:

    solvite me, pueri,

    Verg. E. 6, 24:

    fore ut brevi solveretur,

    Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

    canis solutus catena,

    Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

    solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

    Stat. Th. 5, 15:

    terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
    b.
    From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

    solverat sol equos,

    unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

    et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

    et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

    id. H. 11, 4:

    praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

    Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

    soluta toga,

    Quint. 11, 3, 147:

    vela solvere,

    Verg. A. 4, 574.—
    c.
    From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

    Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

    Prop. 2, 1, 69:

    fraxinus solvitur,

    from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

    ceciditque soluta pinus,

    id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

    pinus radice soluta, deficit,

    id. S. 5, 1, 152:

    solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

    accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

    detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

    but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

    Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

    querno solvunt de stipite funem,

    id. F. 4, 333:

    fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

    curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

    Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

    imber caelesti nube solutus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

    cum solis radii absumant,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

    solutum a latere pugionem,

    detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
    d.
    Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
    (α).
    With acc. alone:

    eisce confectis navem solvimus,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

    navim cupimus solvere,

    id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

    naves solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

    3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

    Liv. 45, 6:

    postero die solvere naves (jussi),

    id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    classem solvere,

    Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
    (β).
    With ab and abl.:

    navis a terra solverunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

    quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

    Liv. 31, 7 med.:

    solvunt a litore puppes,

    Luc. 2, 649.—
    (γ).
    With ex and abl.:

    nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

    interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

    Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    portu solventibus,

    id. Mur. 2, 4.—
    (ε).
    Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

    tertia fere vigilia solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

    nos eo die cenati solvimus,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

    altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

    Liv. 31, 14 init.:

    qui inde solverant,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

    solvi mare languido,

    Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

    fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

    id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

    non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

    making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
    (ζ).
    With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

    naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
    (η).
    Poet. usages:

    de litore puppis solvit iter,

    clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

    nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

    Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
    e.
    Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

    Lucr. 6, 706:

    cruor solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 530:

    lacrimas solvere,

    id. Achill. 2, 256:

    solutis lacrimis,

    Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

    partus solvere,

    to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
    2.
    To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
    a.
    In gen.:

    omne colligatum solvi potest,

    Cic. Fin. 11.—
    b.
    Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

    Curt. 8, 10, 3:

    solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

    dubitavit an solveret pontem,

    Curt. 4, 16, 8:

    solvere pontem,

    Tac. A. 1, 69:

    si pons solutus sit,

    Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

    solutus pons tempestatibus,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    currum (solis) solutum,

    Manil. 1, 740.—
    c.
    Of woven stuff:

    solvens texta,

    Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
    d.
    Of mountains:

    utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

    tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

    id. Agam. 553.—
    e.
    Of the neck:

    soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

    broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
    f.
    Of a comet:

    momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
    g.
    Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

    solve capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

    crinem,

    id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

    comas casside,

    Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
    h.
    Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

    post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

    ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

    Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
    3.
    To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
    (α).
    Of a change into air or gas:

    calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

    dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

    nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

    id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

    ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 285;

    nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

    Ov. M. 15, 845.—
    (β).
    Into a liquid, to melt:

    saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

    terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

    id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

    nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

    Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

    ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

    nivem solvere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

    rigor auri solvitur aestu,

    Lucr. 1, 493:

    ferrum calidi solvant camini,

    Manil. 4, 250:

    cerae igne solutae,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

    Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

    Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

    (herba) quinto die solvitur,

    id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
    (γ).
    Of putrefaction:

    (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

    Verg. G. 4, 302.—
    (δ).
    Of change in general:

    inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

    Ov. F. 1, 108:

    repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

    Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
    (ε).
    Of expansion by heat:

    (uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
    (ζ).
    Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

    gravitas aeris solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
    (η).
    Solvi in, to pass into, become:

    in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

    Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

    donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

    disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

    postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

    Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
    4.
    To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

    solvere orbes,

    Manil. 1, 497:

    ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

    Lucr. 3, 287:

    (Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

    Liv. 39, 40, 11:

    si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

    (turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

    tabes solvit corpora,

    Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

    nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

    id. 3, 506:

    ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

    Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

    solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

    Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

    hanc mihi solvite vitam,

    Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
    a.
    From the body, etc.:

    teque isto corpore solvo,

    Verg. A. 4, 703:

    soluta corpore anima,

    Quint. 5, 14, 13:

    qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

    Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    vocem solvere,

    to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

    suspiria solvit,

    Stat. Th. 11, 604:

    solvat turba jocos,

    Sen. Med. 114:

    solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

    Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

    unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
    b.
    Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

    linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

    Ov. M. 3, 261:

    lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

    ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

    id. Const. 11, 3:

    (fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

    Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

    magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

    of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

    unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
    c.
    From obligations and debts:

    solvit me debito,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

    an nos debito solverit,

    id. Ep. 81, 3:

    ut religione civitas solvatur,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

    te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

    hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

    Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

    sacramento solvi,

    Tac. A. 16, 13:

    cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

    Dig. 49, 16, 13:

    militia solvere,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

    ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

    Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

    ut manere solveretur,

    that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
    d.
    From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

    si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

    be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

    atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

    id. ib. 4, 9:

    sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

    Ov. F. 6, 452:

    ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    Helenen ego crimine solvo,

    id. A. A. 2, 371:

    quid crimine solvis Germanum?

    Stat. Th. 11, 379:

    solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
    e.
    From feelings, etc.:

    quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

    cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

    senatus cura belli solutus,

    Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

    pectus linquunt cura solutum,

    Lucr. 2, 45:

    his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    soluti metu,

    Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

    solvent formidine terras,

    Verg. E. 4, 14:

    solve metu patriam,

    Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

    metu belli Scythas solvit,

    Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

    haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

    soluti a cupiditatibus,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

    id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

    longo luctu,

    Verg. A. 2, 26:

    tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

    Sen. Hippol. 450:

    solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

    id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

    Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

    solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

    the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

    rabie tigrim,

    Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

    ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

    Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

    calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

    i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

    solvite animos,

    Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

    vix haec in munera solvo animum,

    i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
    f.
    From sleep, very rare:

    ego somno solutus sum,

    awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
    g.
    From labor, business, etc.:

    volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

    Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

    solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

    Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

    Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

    to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
    h.
    From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    frontem solvere disce,

    Mart. 14, 183:

    saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

    Stat. Th. 11, 373:

    solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

    solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

    be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

    vultum risu solvit,

    relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

    risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

    solvere judicem,

    unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

    solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

    Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

    ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

    cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

    solventur risu tabulae,

    i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

    quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
    k.
    From any cause of restraint.
    (α).
    To release from siege:

    Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

    Liv. 44, 30:

    patriam obsidione solvere,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
    (β).
    From moral restraints:

    hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

    gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
    l.
    From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
    (α).
    To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

    Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

    cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

    ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

    id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

    Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

    id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

    solvatne legibus Scipionem,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

    petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

    Liv. 31, 50, 8:

    Scipio legibus solutus est,

    id. Epit. 56:

    Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

    Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

    ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

    Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

    (aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

    solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

    id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

    nec leti lege solutas,

    Lucr. 3, 687:

    nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

    Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

    et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
    (β).
    Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

    reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

    i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

    soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

    id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

    solutus Legibus insanis,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

    quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

    Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
    2.
    To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
    (α).
    Of troops, ranks, etc.:

    ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

    Liv. 42, 65, 8:

    incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

    Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

    agmina Diductis solvere choris,

    Verg. A. 5, 581:

    solvit maniplos,

    Juv. 8, 154:

    solvuntur laudata cohors,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

    commissas acies ego possum solvere,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
    (β).
    Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

    convivio soluto,

    Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

    convivium solvit,

    Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

    Quid cessas convivia solvere?

    Ov. F. 6, 675:

    coetuque soluto Discedunt,

    id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
    (γ).
    Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

    (discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

    Quint. 1, 9, 2:

    quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

    id. 9, 4, 14:

    ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

    id. 1, 8, 13:

    non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
    3.
    Implying a change for the worse.
    a.
    To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

    Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

    Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

    usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

    infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

    Quint. 1, 2, 6:

    solutus luxu,

    id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

    soluti in luxum,

    Tac. H. 2, 99:

    in lasciviam,

    id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

    si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
    b.
    To make torpid by removing sensation.
    (α).
    To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

    as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

    Lucr. 6, 798:

    ima Solvuntur latera,

    Verg. G. 3, 523:

    solvi debilitate corporis,

    paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

    ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

    Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

    illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

    segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

    wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

    mentes solvere,

    to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
    (β).
    By frost ( poet.):

    solvuntur illi frigore membra,

    Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
    (γ).
    By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

    homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

    Ov. M. 7, 186:

    corpora somnus Solverat,

    id. ib. 10, 369:

    molli languore solutus,

    id. ib. 11, 648;

    11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

    id. ib. 8, 817:

    somno vinoque solutos,

    id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

    ut membra solvit sopor,

    id. ib. 12, 867:

    non solvit pectora somnus,

    Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

    solvitur in somnos,

    Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

    aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

    lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
    (δ).
    By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

    corporibus quae senectus solvit,

    Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

    (corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est,

    id. Ep. 66, 43:

    ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

    id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

    me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

    Sen. Troad. 605:

    solvi inedia,

    Petr. 111:

    sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

    Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
    4.
    Of logical dissolution, to refute:

    non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

    how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

    argumentum solvere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

    Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
    b.
    To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

    deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
    II.
    To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

    post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

    Quint. 2, 12, 1:

    qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

    Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

    supera compage soluta,

    Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
    2.
    To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

    nullo solvente catenas,

    Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

    solvere frenum,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

    loris solutis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

    qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

    Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

    gelu solvitur,

    it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

    solvitur acris hiems,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

    facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

    Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

    looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

    indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

    Stat. Th. 5, 217:

    digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

    id. ib. 8, 585.—
    3.
    To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

    solve vidulum ergo,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

    eam solve cistulam,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

    solve zonam,

    untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

    solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 62:

    animai nodos a corpore solvit,

    Lucr. 2, 950:

    nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

    Curt. 3, 1, 18:

    quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

    Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

    solvere nodum,

    Stat. Th. 11, 646:

    laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

    Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

    vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

    Ov. M. 9, 58:

    fasciam solve,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

    solutis fasciis,

    Curt. 7, 6, 5:

    solvi fasciculum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    crinales vittas,

    Verg. A. 7, 403:

    Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

    Curt. 7, 2, 25:

    equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

    redimicula solvite collo,

    Ov. F. 4, 135:

    corollas de fronte,

    Prop. 1, 3, 21:

    solvere portas,

    Stat. Th. 3, 492:

    munimina valli,

    id. ib. 12, 10:

    ille pharetram Solvit,

    Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

    solutis ac patefactis venis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

    venam cultello solvere,

    Col. 6, 14; cf.

    also: lychnis alvum solvit,

    looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

    ventrem,

    Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

    stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

    loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
    B.
    Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
    1.
    Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
    a.
    Of the mouth, etc., to open:

    talibus ora solvit verbis,

    Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

    ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

    Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

    vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

    os promptius ac solutius,

    Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

    hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
    b.
    To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

    si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

    cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

    id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

    morte solvetur compromissum,

    Dig. 4, 8, 27:

    soluto matrimonio,

    ib. 24, 3, 2:

    solutum conjugium,

    Juv. 9, 79:

    qui... conjugalia solvit,

    Sen. Med. 144:

    nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

    Ov. M. 11, 743:

    (sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

    cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
    c.
    To efface guilt or wrong:

    magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

    Ov. F. 5, 304:

    solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

    id. ib. 2, 44:

    culpa soluta mea est,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

    neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
    d.
    Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

    less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

    Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

    capite poenas solvit,

    Sall. J. 69, 4:

    meritas poenas solventem,

    Curt. 6, 3, 14:

    poenarum solvendi tempus,

    Lucr. 5, 1224:

    nunc solvo poenas,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

    id. Hippol. 1177.—
    e.
    To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

    atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

    Lucr. 4, 908:

    curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

    patrimonii cura solvatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

    2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

    solvite corde metum,

    Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

    solve metus animo,

    Stat. Th. 2, 356:

    solvi pericula et metus narrant,

    Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

    hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

    id. A. A. 2, 460:

    solvitque pudorem,

    Verg. A. 4, 55.—
    f.
    Of sleep:

    quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

    Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

    nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

    Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

    lassitudinem solvere,

    Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
    g.
    Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
    (α).
    To raise a siege:

    solutam cernebat obsidionem,

    Liv. 36, 10, 14:

    soluta obsidione,

    id. 36, 31, 7:

    ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

    id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
    (β).
    Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

    cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

    Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
    (γ).
    To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

    quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

    Sall. J. 39, 5:

    imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

    Sen. Oedip. 525:

    sonipedes imperia solvunt,

    id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

    sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
    h.
    Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

    solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

    Curt. 10, 2, 5:

    solutae a se legis monitus,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

    cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

    Liv. 8, 4, 7:

    (Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

    id. 1, 49, 7:

    oportebat istum morem solvi,

    Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
    2.
    Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
    a.
    To subvert discipline:

    disciplinam militarem solvisti,

    Liv. 8, 7, 16:

    luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

    id. 40, 1, 4:

    quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

    Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
    b.
    Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

    nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

    Sall. J. 41, 6:

    patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    vires solvere,

    Quint. 9, 4, 7:

    vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
    c.
    Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

    segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

    similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

    Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

    hoc firmos solvit amores,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

    amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

    Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
    d.
    Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

    vitex dicitur febres solvere,

    Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

    solvit jejunia granis,

    Ov. F. 4, 607:

    quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

    id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

    famem,

    Sen. Thyest. 64.—
    e.
    To delay:

    hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

    Sen. Troad. 1131.—
    f.
    Of darkness, to dispel:

    lux solverat umbras,

    Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
    g.
    Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

    aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

    Sen. Phoen. 406:

    electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

    jurgia solvere,

    Manil. 3, 115:

    contradictiones solvere,

    Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
    h.
    Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

    quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

    aenigmata,

    Quint. 8, 6, 53:

    omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

    Suet. Gram. 11:

    haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

    unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

    that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

    puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

    id. Ep. 48, 6:

    carmina non intellecta Solverat,

    Ov. M. 7, 760:

    triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

    Sen. Oedip. 102:

    nodos juris,

    Juv. 8, 50:

    proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

    Quint. 5, 10, 96:

    plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

    id. 1, 10, 49:

    quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

    id. 3, 7, 3:

    ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

    id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
    3.
    In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
    a.
    To pay.
    (α).
    Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

    quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

    inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

    Liv. 6, 14, 5:

    quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

    id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

    pro vectura rem solvit?

    paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

    ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

    id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

    tibi res soluta est recte,

    id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

    ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

    rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

    dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

    res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

    id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

    semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

    they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

    si tergo res solvonda'st,

    by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

    habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

    id. Curc. 3, 9:

    tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
    (β).
    Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

    cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

    ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

    id. ib. 20, 46:

    misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

    id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

    qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

    ut creditori solvat,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

    si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

    it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

    numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

    to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

    fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

    cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

    Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

    non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
    (γ).
    With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

    postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

    hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

    settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

    solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

    id. Fl. 23, 54:

    ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

    aes alienum solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

    quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

    id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

    debitum solvere,

    id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

    ne pecunias creditas solverent,

    Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

    ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

    ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5:

    ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

    cum patriae quod debes solveris,

    Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

    debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

    id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

    aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

    qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 22 fin.
    (δ).
    By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

    emi: pecuniam solvi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

    pro frumento nihil solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

    169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

    Liv. 44, 16:

    hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

    nisi pecuniam solvisset,

    id. Cim. 1, 1:

    condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

    Liv. 30, 37 med.:

    pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

    id. 36, 3, 1:

    pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

    id. 32, 26, 14:

    pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

    id. 40, 39 fin.:

    meritam mercedem,

    id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

    quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

    stipendium,

    Liv. 28, 32, 1:

    dotem mulieri,

    Dig. 24, 3, 2:

    litem aestimatam,

    the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

    arbitria funeris,

    the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

    solvere dodrantem,

    to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

    dona puer solvit,

    paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

    munera,

    id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

    et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

    si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

    Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

    si (actor) solutus fuisset,

    Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
    (ε).
    Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

    aliquid praesens solvere,

    to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

    aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

    solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

    Vell. 2, 25:

    quas solvere grates sufficiam?

    Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

    nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

    Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

    unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

    id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

    Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

    Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

    homines dicere, se a me solvere,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

    (summa) erat solvenda de meo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

    operas solvere alicui,

    to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

    stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

    iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

    2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

    a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

    in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

    Liv. 31, 13:

    nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

    Dig. 50, 17, 105:

    qui modo solvendo sint,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

    si solvendo sint,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

    nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

    solvendo non erat,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

    cum solvendo civitates non essent,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

    id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

    ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

    and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

    Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

    *non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

    Vitr. 10, 6 fin.
    b.
    To fulfil the duty of burial.
    (α).
    Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

    qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

    who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

    justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

    Curt. 3, 12, 15:

    proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

    id. 10, 6, 7:

    ut justa soluta Remo,

    Ov. F. 5, 452:

    nunc justa nato solve,

    Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
    (β).
    Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

    exsequiis rite solutis,

    Verg. A. 7, 5:

    cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

    Sen. Hippol. 1198:

    solvere suprema militibus,

    Tac. A. 1, 61.—
    c.
    Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
    (α).
    Alone:

    vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

    quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

    Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

    liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

    id. 40, 44, 8:

    placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

    id. 36, 37 fin.:

    petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

    id. 45, 44:

    animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

    Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

    vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

    Tac. A. 2, 69:

    vota pater solvit,

    Ov. M. 9, 707:

    ne votum solvat,

    Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

    voti debita solvere,

    Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

    the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

    Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

    V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

    ib. 2022 et saep.:

    sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

    Manil. 1, 427.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

    vota Jovi solvo,

    Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

    sunt vota soluta deae,

    id. F. 6, 248:

    dis vota solvis,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

    libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

    Just. 18, 5, 4.—
    d.
    Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

    fidem obligatam liberare,

    Suet. Claud. 9):

    illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

    Flor. 1, 1, 12;

    similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

    Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
    e.
    Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

    perinde quasi promissum solvens,

    Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

    solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

    similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

    what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

    tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

    reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

    id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

    cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

    nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

    unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

    duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

    Liv. 27, 51:

    eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

    id. 24, 45, 10:

    non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

    postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

    ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

    Col. 2, 9:

    soluta et facilis terra,

    id. 3, 14;

    solum solutum vel spissum,

    id. 2, 2 init.;

    seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

    Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

    hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

    id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

    solutiores ripae,

    Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

    mas spissior, femina solutior,

    Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

    dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

    turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

    aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

    (orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

    Cic. Or. 47, 173:

    verbis solutus satis,

    id. ib. 47, 174:

    solutissimus in dicendo,

    id. ib. 48, 180.—
    2.
    Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

    quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

    Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

    soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

    unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

    si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

    non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

    id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

    solutus omni fenore,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

    nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

    Liv. 8, 32, 5:

    Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
    3.
    Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

    quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

    Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

    apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

    i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

    maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
    4.
    Free from cares, undistracted:

    animo soluto liberoque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

    sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
    5.
    At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

    te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

    quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

    Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
    6.
    Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

    quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

    Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

    an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

    Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 355:

    (mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

    unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
    7.
    Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

    cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

    ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

    Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

    Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

    incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

    Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

    rectore solutos (solis) equos,

    Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
    8.
    Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

    nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

    cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

    id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

    judicio senatus soluto et libero,

    id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

    sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

    uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
    9.
    Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    licentia,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

    populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

    quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

    id. Mil. 13, 34:

    quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

    Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

    adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

    id. 2, 1, 2:

    solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

    a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    mores soluti,

    licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
    10.
    Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

    orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

    Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

    dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

    Tac. A. 16, 18.—
    11.
    Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
    (α).
    Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

    est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
    (β).
    More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

    in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

    Cic. Or. 52, 174:

    mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

    id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

    68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

    Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

    de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

    id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

    ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

    id. ib. 7, 1:

    primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

    Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

    id. Or. 57, 192:

    et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

    id. ib. 64, 215:

    a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

    id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
    (γ).
    Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

    ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

    nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

    id. Brut. 79, 274:

    orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
    (δ).
    Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

    soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

    Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

    solutiora componere,

    id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
    12.
    Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

    sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
    13.
    Undisciplined, disorderly:

    omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

    Liv. 8, 30, 3:

    nihil temeritate solutum,

    Tac. A. 13, 40:

    apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

    Just. 34, 2, 2.—
    14.
    Lax, remiss, weak:

    mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

    Tac. Or. 18:

    soluti ac fluentes,

    Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

    solutum genus orationis,

    a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

    quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

    laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
    C.
    (Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:

    aliquid in solutum dare,

    to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:

    qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:

    qui rem in solutum accipit,

    Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;

    in solutum imputare,

    to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:

    pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,

    Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:

    pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,

    Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
    1.
    Thinly:

    corpora diffusa solute,

    Lucr. 4, 53.—
    2.
    Of speech, fluently:

    non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 110:

    ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,

    id. ib. 81, 280:

    quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,

    Tac. A. 4, 31.—
    3.
    Irregularly, loosely:

    a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
    4.
    Freely, without restraint:

    generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,

    i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
    5.
    Of style, without connection, loosely:

    enuntiare,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
    6.
    Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:

    praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),

    Liv. 39, 1, 4:

    in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,

    id. 23, 37, 6.—
    7.
    Weakly, tamely, without vigor:

    quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
    8.
    Of morals, loosely, without restraint:

    ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,

    Tac. A. 13, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solutum

  • 4 solvo

    solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

    soluisse,

    Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
    I.
    To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    Outwardly, to release.
    a.
    From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

    solvite istas,

    i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

    solvite istum,

    id. Mil. 5, 32:

    numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

    jube solvi (eum),

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

    ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

    ut vincti solvantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

    12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    ita nexi soluti (sunt),

    Liv. 8, 28, 9:

    solvite me, pueri,

    Verg. E. 6, 24:

    fore ut brevi solveretur,

    Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

    canis solutus catena,

    Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

    solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

    Stat. Th. 5, 15:

    terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
    b.
    From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

    solverat sol equos,

    unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

    et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

    et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

    id. H. 11, 4:

    praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

    Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

    soluta toga,

    Quint. 11, 3, 147:

    vela solvere,

    Verg. A. 4, 574.—
    c.
    From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

    Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

    Prop. 2, 1, 69:

    fraxinus solvitur,

    from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

    ceciditque soluta pinus,

    id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

    pinus radice soluta, deficit,

    id. S. 5, 1, 152:

    solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

    accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

    detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

    but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

    Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

    querno solvunt de stipite funem,

    id. F. 4, 333:

    fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

    curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

    Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

    imber caelesti nube solutus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

    cum solis radii absumant,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

    solutum a latere pugionem,

    detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
    d.
    Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
    (α).
    With acc. alone:

    eisce confectis navem solvimus,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

    navim cupimus solvere,

    id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

    naves solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

    3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

    Liv. 45, 6:

    postero die solvere naves (jussi),

    id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    classem solvere,

    Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
    (β).
    With ab and abl.:

    navis a terra solverunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

    quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

    Liv. 31, 7 med.:

    solvunt a litore puppes,

    Luc. 2, 649.—
    (γ).
    With ex and abl.:

    nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

    interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

    Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    portu solventibus,

    id. Mur. 2, 4.—
    (ε).
    Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

    tertia fere vigilia solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

    nos eo die cenati solvimus,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

    altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

    Liv. 31, 14 init.:

    qui inde solverant,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

    solvi mare languido,

    Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

    fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

    id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

    non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

    making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
    (ζ).
    With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

    naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
    (η).
    Poet. usages:

    de litore puppis solvit iter,

    clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

    nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

    Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
    e.
    Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

    Lucr. 6, 706:

    cruor solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 530:

    lacrimas solvere,

    id. Achill. 2, 256:

    solutis lacrimis,

    Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

    partus solvere,

    to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
    2.
    To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
    a.
    In gen.:

    omne colligatum solvi potest,

    Cic. Fin. 11.—
    b.
    Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

    Curt. 8, 10, 3:

    solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

    dubitavit an solveret pontem,

    Curt. 4, 16, 8:

    solvere pontem,

    Tac. A. 1, 69:

    si pons solutus sit,

    Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

    solutus pons tempestatibus,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    currum (solis) solutum,

    Manil. 1, 740.—
    c.
    Of woven stuff:

    solvens texta,

    Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
    d.
    Of mountains:

    utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

    tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

    id. Agam. 553.—
    e.
    Of the neck:

    soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

    broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
    f.
    Of a comet:

    momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
    g.
    Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

    solve capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

    crinem,

    id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

    comas casside,

    Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
    h.
    Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

    post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

    ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

    Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
    3.
    To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
    (α).
    Of a change into air or gas:

    calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

    dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

    nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

    id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

    ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 285;

    nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

    Ov. M. 15, 845.—
    (β).
    Into a liquid, to melt:

    saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

    terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

    id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

    nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

    Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

    ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

    nivem solvere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

    rigor auri solvitur aestu,

    Lucr. 1, 493:

    ferrum calidi solvant camini,

    Manil. 4, 250:

    cerae igne solutae,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

    Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

    Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

    (herba) quinto die solvitur,

    id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
    (γ).
    Of putrefaction:

    (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

    Verg. G. 4, 302.—
    (δ).
    Of change in general:

    inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

    Ov. F. 1, 108:

    repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

    Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
    (ε).
    Of expansion by heat:

    (uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
    (ζ).
    Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

    gravitas aeris solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
    (η).
    Solvi in, to pass into, become:

    in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

    Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

    donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

    disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

    postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

    Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
    4.
    To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

    solvere orbes,

    Manil. 1, 497:

    ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

    Lucr. 3, 287:

    (Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

    Liv. 39, 40, 11:

    si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

    (turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

    tabes solvit corpora,

    Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

    nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

    id. 3, 506:

    ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

    Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

    solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

    Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

    hanc mihi solvite vitam,

    Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
    a.
    From the body, etc.:

    teque isto corpore solvo,

    Verg. A. 4, 703:

    soluta corpore anima,

    Quint. 5, 14, 13:

    qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

    Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    vocem solvere,

    to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

    suspiria solvit,

    Stat. Th. 11, 604:

    solvat turba jocos,

    Sen. Med. 114:

    solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

    Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

    unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
    b.
    Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

    linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

    Ov. M. 3, 261:

    lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

    ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

    id. Const. 11, 3:

    (fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

    Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

    magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

    of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

    unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
    c.
    From obligations and debts:

    solvit me debito,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

    an nos debito solverit,

    id. Ep. 81, 3:

    ut religione civitas solvatur,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

    te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

    hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

    Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

    sacramento solvi,

    Tac. A. 16, 13:

    cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

    Dig. 49, 16, 13:

    militia solvere,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

    ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

    Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

    ut manere solveretur,

    that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
    d.
    From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

    si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

    be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

    atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

    id. ib. 4, 9:

    sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

    Ov. F. 6, 452:

    ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    Helenen ego crimine solvo,

    id. A. A. 2, 371:

    quid crimine solvis Germanum?

    Stat. Th. 11, 379:

    solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
    e.
    From feelings, etc.:

    quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

    cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

    senatus cura belli solutus,

    Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

    pectus linquunt cura solutum,

    Lucr. 2, 45:

    his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    soluti metu,

    Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

    solvent formidine terras,

    Verg. E. 4, 14:

    solve metu patriam,

    Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

    metu belli Scythas solvit,

    Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

    haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

    soluti a cupiditatibus,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

    id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

    longo luctu,

    Verg. A. 2, 26:

    tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

    Sen. Hippol. 450:

    solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

    id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

    Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

    solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

    the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

    rabie tigrim,

    Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

    ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

    Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

    calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

    i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

    solvite animos,

    Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

    vix haec in munera solvo animum,

    i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
    f.
    From sleep, very rare:

    ego somno solutus sum,

    awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
    g.
    From labor, business, etc.:

    volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

    Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

    solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

    Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

    Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

    to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
    h.
    From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    frontem solvere disce,

    Mart. 14, 183:

    saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

    Stat. Th. 11, 373:

    solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

    solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

    be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

    vultum risu solvit,

    relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

    risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

    solvere judicem,

    unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

    solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

    Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

    ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

    cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

    solventur risu tabulae,

    i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

    quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
    k.
    From any cause of restraint.
    (α).
    To release from siege:

    Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

    Liv. 44, 30:

    patriam obsidione solvere,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
    (β).
    From moral restraints:

    hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

    gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
    l.
    From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
    (α).
    To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

    Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

    cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

    ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

    id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

    Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

    id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

    solvatne legibus Scipionem,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

    petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

    Liv. 31, 50, 8:

    Scipio legibus solutus est,

    id. Epit. 56:

    Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

    Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

    ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

    Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

    (aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

    solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

    id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

    nec leti lege solutas,

    Lucr. 3, 687:

    nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

    Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

    et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
    (β).
    Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

    reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

    i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

    soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

    id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

    solutus Legibus insanis,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

    quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

    Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
    2.
    To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
    (α).
    Of troops, ranks, etc.:

    ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

    Liv. 42, 65, 8:

    incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

    Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

    agmina Diductis solvere choris,

    Verg. A. 5, 581:

    solvit maniplos,

    Juv. 8, 154:

    solvuntur laudata cohors,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

    commissas acies ego possum solvere,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
    (β).
    Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

    convivio soluto,

    Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

    convivium solvit,

    Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

    Quid cessas convivia solvere?

    Ov. F. 6, 675:

    coetuque soluto Discedunt,

    id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
    (γ).
    Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

    (discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

    Quint. 1, 9, 2:

    quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

    id. 9, 4, 14:

    ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

    id. 1, 8, 13:

    non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
    3.
    Implying a change for the worse.
    a.
    To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

    Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

    Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

    usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

    infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

    Quint. 1, 2, 6:

    solutus luxu,

    id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

    soluti in luxum,

    Tac. H. 2, 99:

    in lasciviam,

    id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

    si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
    b.
    To make torpid by removing sensation.
    (α).
    To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

    as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

    Lucr. 6, 798:

    ima Solvuntur latera,

    Verg. G. 3, 523:

    solvi debilitate corporis,

    paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

    ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

    Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

    illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

    segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

    wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

    mentes solvere,

    to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
    (β).
    By frost ( poet.):

    solvuntur illi frigore membra,

    Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
    (γ).
    By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

    homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

    Ov. M. 7, 186:

    corpora somnus Solverat,

    id. ib. 10, 369:

    molli languore solutus,

    id. ib. 11, 648;

    11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

    id. ib. 8, 817:

    somno vinoque solutos,

    id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

    ut membra solvit sopor,

    id. ib. 12, 867:

    non solvit pectora somnus,

    Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

    solvitur in somnos,

    Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

    aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

    lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
    (δ).
    By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

    corporibus quae senectus solvit,

    Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

    (corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est,

    id. Ep. 66, 43:

    ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

    id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

    me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

    Sen. Troad. 605:

    solvi inedia,

    Petr. 111:

    sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

    Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
    4.
    Of logical dissolution, to refute:

    non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

    how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

    argumentum solvere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

    Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
    b.
    To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

    deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
    II.
    To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

    post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

    Quint. 2, 12, 1:

    qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

    Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

    supera compage soluta,

    Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
    2.
    To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

    nullo solvente catenas,

    Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

    solvere frenum,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

    loris solutis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

    qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

    Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

    gelu solvitur,

    it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

    solvitur acris hiems,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

    facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

    Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

    looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

    indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

    Stat. Th. 5, 217:

    digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

    id. ib. 8, 585.—
    3.
    To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

    solve vidulum ergo,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

    eam solve cistulam,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

    solve zonam,

    untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

    solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 62:

    animai nodos a corpore solvit,

    Lucr. 2, 950:

    nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

    Curt. 3, 1, 18:

    quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

    Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

    solvere nodum,

    Stat. Th. 11, 646:

    laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

    Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

    vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

    Ov. M. 9, 58:

    fasciam solve,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

    solutis fasciis,

    Curt. 7, 6, 5:

    solvi fasciculum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    crinales vittas,

    Verg. A. 7, 403:

    Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

    Curt. 7, 2, 25:

    equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

    redimicula solvite collo,

    Ov. F. 4, 135:

    corollas de fronte,

    Prop. 1, 3, 21:

    solvere portas,

    Stat. Th. 3, 492:

    munimina valli,

    id. ib. 12, 10:

    ille pharetram Solvit,

    Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

    solutis ac patefactis venis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

    venam cultello solvere,

    Col. 6, 14; cf.

    also: lychnis alvum solvit,

    looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

    ventrem,

    Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

    stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

    loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
    B.
    Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
    1.
    Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
    a.
    Of the mouth, etc., to open:

    talibus ora solvit verbis,

    Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

    ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

    Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

    vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

    os promptius ac solutius,

    Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

    hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
    b.
    To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

    si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

    cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

    id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

    morte solvetur compromissum,

    Dig. 4, 8, 27:

    soluto matrimonio,

    ib. 24, 3, 2:

    solutum conjugium,

    Juv. 9, 79:

    qui... conjugalia solvit,

    Sen. Med. 144:

    nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

    Ov. M. 11, 743:

    (sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

    cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
    c.
    To efface guilt or wrong:

    magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

    Ov. F. 5, 304:

    solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

    id. ib. 2, 44:

    culpa soluta mea est,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

    neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
    d.
    Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

    less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

    Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

    capite poenas solvit,

    Sall. J. 69, 4:

    meritas poenas solventem,

    Curt. 6, 3, 14:

    poenarum solvendi tempus,

    Lucr. 5, 1224:

    nunc solvo poenas,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

    id. Hippol. 1177.—
    e.
    To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

    atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

    Lucr. 4, 908:

    curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

    patrimonii cura solvatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

    2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

    solvite corde metum,

    Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

    solve metus animo,

    Stat. Th. 2, 356:

    solvi pericula et metus narrant,

    Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

    hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

    id. A. A. 2, 460:

    solvitque pudorem,

    Verg. A. 4, 55.—
    f.
    Of sleep:

    quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

    Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

    nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

    Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

    lassitudinem solvere,

    Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
    g.
    Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
    (α).
    To raise a siege:

    solutam cernebat obsidionem,

    Liv. 36, 10, 14:

    soluta obsidione,

    id. 36, 31, 7:

    ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

    id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
    (β).
    Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

    cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

    Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
    (γ).
    To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

    quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

    Sall. J. 39, 5:

    imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

    Sen. Oedip. 525:

    sonipedes imperia solvunt,

    id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

    sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
    h.
    Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

    solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

    Curt. 10, 2, 5:

    solutae a se legis monitus,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

    cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

    Liv. 8, 4, 7:

    (Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

    id. 1, 49, 7:

    oportebat istum morem solvi,

    Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
    2.
    Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
    a.
    To subvert discipline:

    disciplinam militarem solvisti,

    Liv. 8, 7, 16:

    luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

    id. 40, 1, 4:

    quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

    Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
    b.
    Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

    nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

    Sall. J. 41, 6:

    patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    vires solvere,

    Quint. 9, 4, 7:

    vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
    c.
    Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

    segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

    similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

    Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

    hoc firmos solvit amores,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

    amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

    Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
    d.
    Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

    vitex dicitur febres solvere,

    Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

    solvit jejunia granis,

    Ov. F. 4, 607:

    quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

    id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

    famem,

    Sen. Thyest. 64.—
    e.
    To delay:

    hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

    Sen. Troad. 1131.—
    f.
    Of darkness, to dispel:

    lux solverat umbras,

    Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
    g.
    Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

    aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

    Sen. Phoen. 406:

    electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

    jurgia solvere,

    Manil. 3, 115:

    contradictiones solvere,

    Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
    h.
    Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

    quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

    aenigmata,

    Quint. 8, 6, 53:

    omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

    Suet. Gram. 11:

    haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

    unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

    that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

    puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

    id. Ep. 48, 6:

    carmina non intellecta Solverat,

    Ov. M. 7, 760:

    triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

    Sen. Oedip. 102:

    nodos juris,

    Juv. 8, 50:

    proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

    Quint. 5, 10, 96:

    plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

    id. 1, 10, 49:

    quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

    id. 3, 7, 3:

    ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

    id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
    3.
    In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
    a.
    To pay.
    (α).
    Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

    quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

    inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

    Liv. 6, 14, 5:

    quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

    id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

    pro vectura rem solvit?

    paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

    ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

    id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

    tibi res soluta est recte,

    id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

    ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

    rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

    dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

    res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

    id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

    semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

    they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

    si tergo res solvonda'st,

    by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

    habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

    id. Curc. 3, 9:

    tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
    (β).
    Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

    cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

    ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

    id. ib. 20, 46:

    misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

    id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

    qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

    ut creditori solvat,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

    si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

    it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

    numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

    to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

    fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

    cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

    Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

    non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
    (γ).
    With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

    postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

    hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

    settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

    solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

    id. Fl. 23, 54:

    ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

    aes alienum solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

    quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

    id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

    debitum solvere,

    id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

    ne pecunias creditas solverent,

    Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

    ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

    ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5:

    ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

    cum patriae quod debes solveris,

    Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

    debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

    id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

    aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

    qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 22 fin.
    (δ).
    By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

    emi: pecuniam solvi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

    pro frumento nihil solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

    169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

    Liv. 44, 16:

    hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

    nisi pecuniam solvisset,

    id. Cim. 1, 1:

    condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

    Liv. 30, 37 med.:

    pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

    id. 36, 3, 1:

    pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

    id. 32, 26, 14:

    pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

    id. 40, 39 fin.:

    meritam mercedem,

    id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

    quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

    stipendium,

    Liv. 28, 32, 1:

    dotem mulieri,

    Dig. 24, 3, 2:

    litem aestimatam,

    the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

    arbitria funeris,

    the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

    solvere dodrantem,

    to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

    dona puer solvit,

    paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

    munera,

    id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

    et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

    si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

    Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

    si (actor) solutus fuisset,

    Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
    (ε).
    Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

    aliquid praesens solvere,

    to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

    aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

    solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

    Vell. 2, 25:

    quas solvere grates sufficiam?

    Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

    nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

    Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

    unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

    id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

    Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

    Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

    homines dicere, se a me solvere,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

    (summa) erat solvenda de meo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

    operas solvere alicui,

    to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

    stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

    iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

    2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

    a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

    in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

    Liv. 31, 13:

    nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

    Dig. 50, 17, 105:

    qui modo solvendo sint,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

    si solvendo sint,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

    nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

    solvendo non erat,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

    cum solvendo civitates non essent,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

    id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

    ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

    and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

    Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

    *non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

    Vitr. 10, 6 fin.
    b.
    To fulfil the duty of burial.
    (α).
    Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

    qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

    who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

    justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

    Curt. 3, 12, 15:

    proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

    id. 10, 6, 7:

    ut justa soluta Remo,

    Ov. F. 5, 452:

    nunc justa nato solve,

    Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
    (β).
    Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

    exsequiis rite solutis,

    Verg. A. 7, 5:

    cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

    Sen. Hippol. 1198:

    solvere suprema militibus,

    Tac. A. 1, 61.—
    c.
    Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
    (α).
    Alone:

    vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

    quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

    Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

    liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

    id. 40, 44, 8:

    placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

    id. 36, 37 fin.:

    petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

    id. 45, 44:

    animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

    Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

    vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

    Tac. A. 2, 69:

    vota pater solvit,

    Ov. M. 9, 707:

    ne votum solvat,

    Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

    voti debita solvere,

    Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

    the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

    Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

    V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

    ib. 2022 et saep.:

    sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

    Manil. 1, 427.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

    vota Jovi solvo,

    Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

    sunt vota soluta deae,

    id. F. 6, 248:

    dis vota solvis,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

    libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

    Just. 18, 5, 4.—
    d.
    Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

    fidem obligatam liberare,

    Suet. Claud. 9):

    illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

    Flor. 1, 1, 12;

    similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

    Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
    e.
    Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

    perinde quasi promissum solvens,

    Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

    solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

    similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

    what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

    tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

    reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

    id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

    cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

    nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

    unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

    duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

    Liv. 27, 51:

    eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

    id. 24, 45, 10:

    non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

    postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

    ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

    Col. 2, 9:

    soluta et facilis terra,

    id. 3, 14;

    solum solutum vel spissum,

    id. 2, 2 init.;

    seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

    Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

    hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

    id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

    solutiores ripae,

    Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

    mas spissior, femina solutior,

    Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

    dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

    turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

    aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

    (orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

    Cic. Or. 47, 173:

    verbis solutus satis,

    id. ib. 47, 174:

    solutissimus in dicendo,

    id. ib. 48, 180.—
    2.
    Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

    quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

    Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

    soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

    unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

    si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

    non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

    id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

    solutus omni fenore,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

    nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

    Liv. 8, 32, 5:

    Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
    3.
    Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

    quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

    Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

    apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

    i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

    maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
    4.
    Free from cares, undistracted:

    animo soluto liberoque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

    sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
    5.
    At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

    te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

    quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

    Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
    6.
    Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

    quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

    Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

    an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

    Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 355:

    (mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

    unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
    7.
    Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

    cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

    ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

    Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

    Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

    incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

    Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

    rectore solutos (solis) equos,

    Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
    8.
    Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

    nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

    cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

    id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

    judicio senatus soluto et libero,

    id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

    sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

    uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
    9.
    Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    licentia,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

    populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

    quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

    id. Mil. 13, 34:

    quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

    Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

    adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

    id. 2, 1, 2:

    solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

    a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    mores soluti,

    licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
    10.
    Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

    orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

    Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

    dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

    Tac. A. 16, 18.—
    11.
    Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
    (α).
    Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

    est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
    (β).
    More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

    in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

    Cic. Or. 52, 174:

    mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

    id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

    68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

    Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

    de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

    id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

    ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

    id. ib. 7, 1:

    primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

    Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

    id. Or. 57, 192:

    et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

    id. ib. 64, 215:

    a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

    id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
    (γ).
    Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

    ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

    nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

    id. Brut. 79, 274:

    orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
    (δ).
    Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

    soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

    Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

    solutiora componere,

    id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
    12.
    Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

    sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
    13.
    Undisciplined, disorderly:

    omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

    Liv. 8, 30, 3:

    nihil temeritate solutum,

    Tac. A. 13, 40:

    apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

    Just. 34, 2, 2.—
    14.
    Lax, remiss, weak:

    mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

    Tac. Or. 18:

    soluti ac fluentes,

    Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

    solutum genus orationis,

    a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

    quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

    laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
    C.
    (Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:

    aliquid in solutum dare,

    to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:

    qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:

    qui rem in solutum accipit,

    Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;

    in solutum imputare,

    to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:

    pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,

    Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:

    pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,

    Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
    1.
    Thinly:

    corpora diffusa solute,

    Lucr. 4, 53.—
    2.
    Of speech, fluently:

    non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 110:

    ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,

    id. ib. 81, 280:

    quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,

    Tac. A. 4, 31.—
    3.
    Irregularly, loosely:

    a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
    4.
    Freely, without restraint:

    generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,

    i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
    5.
    Of style, without connection, loosely:

    enuntiare,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
    6.
    Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:

    praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),

    Liv. 39, 1, 4:

    in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,

    id. 23, 37, 6.—
    7.
    Weakly, tamely, without vigor:

    quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
    8.
    Of morals, loosely, without restraint:

    ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,

    Tac. A. 13, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solvo

  • 5 oratio

    I.
    In gen., the connection of words to express thought:

    non est autem in verbo modus hic, sed in oratione, id est, in continuatione verborum,

    Cic. 3, 42, 167.
    1.
    Speech, the power or faculty of speech, the habit or use of language:

    quae (ferae) sunt rationis et orationis expertes,

    Cic. Off. 1, 16, 50:

    natura vi rationis hominem conciliat homini et ad orationis et ad vitae societatem,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 12.—
    2.
    Speech, language, utterance; opp. to fact, action, etc.:

    lenitudo orationis, mollitudo corporis,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 16, 46:

    idque videns Epicurus re tollit, oratione relinquit deos,

    id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:

    qui sunt leves locutores... eorum orationem bene existimatum est in ore nasci, non in pectore,

    Gell. 1, 15, 1:

    nam quid te igitur rettulit beneficum esse oratione, si ad rem auxilium emortuum est,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 19:

    ut in vitā, sic in oratione, nihil est difficilius quam quid deceat videre,

    Cic. Or. 21, 70: qualis homo ipse esset, talem ejus esse orationem;

    orationi autem facta similia, factis vitam,

    id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47:

    partes igitur orationis secundum dialecticos duae, nomen et verbum,

    parts of speech, Prisc. 2, 4, 15.—
    3.
    Hence, a mode of speaking; a kind, manner, style of speech; language:

    quin tu istanc orationem hinc veterem atque antiquam amoves. Nam proletario sermone nunc utere,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 155: nam opulenti cum loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, eadem dicta eademque oratio aequa non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4, 3: quam tibi ex ore orationem duriter dictis dedit, id. ap. Non. p. 512, 8:

    aliam nunc mihi orationem despoliato praedicas,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 52: Creta est profecto horum hominum oratio, quam orationem [p. 1275] hanc aures dulce devorant, id. Poen. 5, 2, 9:

    (Andria et Perinthia) non ita sunt dissimili argumento, sed tamen Dissimili oratione,

    Ter. And. prol. 11.—Esp. (in gram.): oratio obliqua, indirect speech, the use of dependent clauses in citing the language of others:

    quam (orationem) obliquam Pompeius Trogus exposuit (opp. to conciones directae),

    Just. 38, 3, 11.—Hence,
    4.
    Mode of speech, language, use of language, style:

    mollis est enim oratio philosophorum,

    Cic. Or. 19, 64:

    (fabulae) tenui oratione et scripturā levi,

    Ter. Phorm. prol. 5:

    ut Stoicorum est astrictior oratio aliquantoque contractior, quam aures populi requirunt, sic illorum (Peripateticorum) liberior et latior, quam patitur consuetudo judiciorum et fori,

    Cic. Brut. 31, 120:

    orationem Latinam efficies profecto legendis nostris pleniorem,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 2; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 1.—
    5.
    Esp., the language of any people or nation:

    Timaeus in historiis quas oratione Graecā composuit,

    Gell. 11, 1, 1:

    semper cum Graecis Latina (exempla) conjunxi... ut par sis in utriusque orationis facultate,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1, 1.—
    II.
    In partic., formal language, artificial discourse, set speech (opp. to sermo, ordinary speech, conversational language):

    mollis est oratio philosophorum et umbratilis, nec verbis instructa popularibus nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius: itaque sermo potiusquam oratio dicitur. Quamquam enim omnis locutio oratio est, tamen unius oratoris locutio hoc proprio dignata nomine est,

    Cic. Or. 19, 64; cf.:

    et quoniam magna vis orationis est eaque duplex, altera contentionis, altera sermonis, contentio disceptationibus tribuatur judiciorum, contionum, senatus, sermo in circulis, disputationibus, congressionibus familiarium versetur, sequatur etiam convivia,

    id. Off. 1, 37, 132.—Hence,
    B.
    A set speech, harangue, discourse, oration:

    (oratio) ut gravis, ut suavis, ut erudita sit, ut liberalis, ut polita, ut sensus, ut doloris habeat quantum opus sit, non est singulorum articulorum: in toto spectantur haec corpore, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 96; cf.

    the context: illam orationem disertam sibi et oratoriam videri, fortem et virilem non videri,

    id. ib. 1, 54, 231:

    hanc habere orationem mecum principio institit,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 21:

    pleraeque scribuntur orationes habitae jam, non ut habeantur,

    Cic. Brut. 24, 91:

    non est haec oratio habenda apud imperitam multitudinem,

    id. Mur. 29, 61:

    ignarus faciundae ac poliendae orationis,

    id. de Or. 1, 14, 63:

    in orationibus hisce ipsis judiciorum, contionum, senatus,

    id. ib. 1, 16, 73:

    quanta illa, di immortales, fuit gravitas, quanta in oratione majestas! sed adfuistis, et est in manibus oratio,

    id. Lael. 25, 96:

    qui orationem adversus rem publicam habuissent, eorum bona in publicum adducebat,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 18, 5:

    ab adulescentiā confecit orationes,

    Nep. Cat. 3, 3:

    Catonis aliae acerbae orationes extant, etc.,

    Liv. 39, 42, 6:

    oratio plebi acceptior,

    id. 3, 69:

    accurata et polita,

    Cic. Brut. 95, 326:

    longa,

    Liv. 34, 5:

    acris et vehemens,

    Quint. 5, 13, 25:

    admirabilis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 94:

    angusta et concisa, opp. collata et diffusa,

    id. Or. 56, 187:

    aspera, tristis, horrida, neque perfecta neque conclusa, opp. laevis et structa et terminata,

    id. ib. 5, 20:

    circumcisa et brevis,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 4:

    rotunda et undique circumcisa,

    Quint. 8, 5, 27:

    cohaerens,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 173:

    concinna,

    id. ib. 3, 25, 98:

    stabilis, opp. volubilis,

    id. Or. 56, 187.—
    III.
    Transf.
    A.
    The power of oratory, eloquence:

    tantam vim habet illa, quae recte a bono poëtā dicta est, flexamina atque omnium regina rerum oratio, ut non modo inclinantem excipere aut stantem inclinare, sed etiam adversantem ac repugnantem ut imperator fortis ac bonus capere possit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

    satis in eo fuisse orationis atque ingenii,

    id. Brut. 45, 165:

    non enim verendum est ne te in tam bonā causā deficiat oratio,

    Lact. 2, 3.—
    B.
    Prose (opp. to poetry):

    et in poëmatis et in oratione,

    Cic. Or. 21, 70.—
    C.
    (In gram.) A sentence, a clause expressing a complete sense:

    oratio est ordinatio dictionum congrua sententiam perfectam demonstrans,

    Prisc. 2, 4, 15:

    oratio dicitur liber rhetoricus, necnon unaquaeque dictio hoc saepe nomine nuncupatur cum plenam ostendit sententiam,

    id. ib.: defectio litterae, et syllabae, et dictionis, et orationis, id. 17, 1, 5.—
    D.
    (Under the empire.) An imperial message, rescript:

    orationes ad senatum missae,

    Suet. Ner. 15:

    oratio principis per quaestorem ejus audita est,

    Tac. A. 16, 27:

    orationesque in senatu recitaret etiam quaestoris vice,

    Suet. Tit. 6; cf. id. Aug. 65.—
    E.
    A prayer, an address to the Deity (eccl. Lat.):

    respice ad orationem servi tui,

    Vulg. 3 Reg. 8, 28:

    per orationes Dominum rogantes,

    id. 2 Macc. 10, 16:

    pernoctans in oratione Dei,

    id. Luc. 6, 12.—Also absol., prayer, the habit or practice of prayer:

    perseverantes in oratione,

    Vulg. Act. 1, 14:

    orationi instate,

    id. Col. 4, 2; cf. Gell. 13, 22, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > oratio

  • 6 sermo

    sermo, ōnis, m. [2. sero, qs. serta, conserta oratio], a speaking or talking with any one; talk, conversation, discourse:

    sermo est a serie: sermo enim non potest in uno homine esse solo, sed ubi oratio cum altero conjuncta,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 64 Müll. (very freq. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen. (syn. colloquium): quoniam magna vis orationis est eaque duplex, altera contentionis, altera sermonis: contentio disceptationibus tribuatur judiciorum, contionum, senatus: sermo in circulis, disputationibus, congressionibus familiarium versetur;

    sequatur etiam convivia, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 37, 132:

    quod mihi servus sermonem serat,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 37:

    sermones serere,

    id. Mil. 3, 1, 106:

    multa inter sese vario sermone serebant,

    Verg. A. 6, 160:

    sermonem nobiscum ibi copulat,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 42:

    dum sermones fabulandi conferant,

    id. ib. prol. 34:

    caput et pes sermonis,

    id. As. 3, 3, 139:

    cum ea tu sermonem nec joco nec serio Tibi habeas,

    id. Am. 3, 2, 25; Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 1:

    ibi illa cum sermonem occipit,

    id. Eun. 4, 1, 8:

    dum sermones caedimus,

    id. Heaut. 2, 3, 1:

    sermonem cum aliquo conferre,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38, 136; id. Inv. 2, 4, 14:

    in nostris sermonibus collocutionibusque,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 4:

    mature veniunt, discumbitur: fit sermo inter eos,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:

    dum longior consulto ab Ambiorige instituitur sermo,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 37:

    sermonis aditum cum aliquo habere,

    id. ib. 5, 41:

    nullum tibi omnino cum Albinovano sermonem ullā de re fuisse,

    Cic. Vatin. 1, 3; id. de Or. 2, 73, 296:

    erat in ore, in sermone omnium,

    id. Phil. 10, 7, 14; cf.: memini in eum sermonem illum incidere, qui tum fere multis erat in ore, id. Lael. 1, 2:

    aestivam sermone benigno tendere noctem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 11:

    referre sermones deorum,

    id. C. 3, 3, 71 (cf.:

    consiliantibus divis,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 18):

    et euntem multa loquendo Detinuit sermone diem,

    Ov. M. 1, 683:

    nunc inter eos tu sermo es,

    you are the talk, Prop. 2, 21 (3, 14), 7:

    jucundus est mihi sermo litterarum tuarum,

    the conversing with you by letter, Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 3; cf.:

    littera sermonis fida ministra mei,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 2.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Literary conversation, discourse, disputation, discussion (cf. oratio): tum Furius: Quid vos agitis? num sermonem vestrum aliquem diremit noster interventus? Minime vero, Africanus;

    soles enim tu haec studiose investigare, quae sunt in hoc genere, de quo instituerat paulo ante Tubero quaerere,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17; cf. id. ib. 1, 13, 19:

    in sermonem ingredi (just before: in disputationem ingredi),

    id. ib. 1, 24, 38:

    (Scaevola) exposuit nobis sermonem Laelii de amicitiā habitum ab illo secum... Ejus disputationis sententias memoriae mandavi, etc.... ut tamquam a praesentibus haberi sermo videretur,

    id. Lael. 1, 3:

    rebus his, de quibus hic sermo est,

    id. Fin. 3, 12, 40:

    feci sermonem inter nos habitum in Cumano. Tibi dedi partes Antiochinas, etc.,

    id. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

    in quo (circulo) de philosophiā sermo haberetur,

    Nep. Epam. 3, 3:

    Socratici sermones,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 9; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 44; 2, 15, 26:

    in longum sermonem me vocas, Attice,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 13:

    nunc enim sermo de naturā est,

    our subject, Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 67; 3, 1, pr. § 2; 16, 32, 58, § 134; Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 17, 15; Capitol. Gord. 3, 3 init.
    b.
    Concr., a talk, speech, discourse (more informal and unpretending than oratio):

    meos multos et illustres et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2; Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 2; Quint. 11, 2, 24.—
    2.
    Ordinary speech, speaking, talking, the language of conversation (opp. contentio):

    sermo est oratio remissa et finitima cottidianae locutioni,

    Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 37, 132:

    mollis est oratio philosophorum et umbratilis, etc.... Itaque sermo potius quam oratio dicitur,

    id. Or. 19, 64: in argumentis Caecilius poscit palmam, in sermonibus Plautus, i. e. in dialogue, Varr. ap. Non. 374, 9:

    soluta oratio, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 19:

    C. Piso, statarius et sermonis plenus orator,

    Cic. Brut. 68, 239:

    si quis scribat, uti nos, Sermoni propiora,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 42:

    vocem sermoni proximam,

    Quint. 11, 3, 162:

    ut litigantes quoque a sermone incipiant, ad vociferationem transeant,

    Sen. Ep. 15, 6.—Of prose as opposed to poetry:

    comoedia... nisi quod pede certo Differt sermoni sermo merus,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 48:

    et tragicus plerumque dolet sermone pedestri Telephus et Peleus, etc.,

    id. A. P. 95.—
    b.
    Concr., of verses in a conversational style, a satire:

    ille (delectatur) Bioneis sermonibus et sale nigro,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 60:

    Albi, nostrorum sermonum candide judex,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 1:

    nec sermones ego mallem Repentes per humum quam res componere gestas,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 250.—
    3.
    With reference to some particular object, common talk respecting any thing, report, rumor (syn.:

    fama, rumor): vulgi sermo,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 1:

    nunc per urbem solus sermo est omnibus, Eum, etc.,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 4:

    sermo est totā Asiā dissipatus, Cn. Pompeium, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 6, 14:

    mihi venit in mentem multum fore sermonem, me, etc.,

    id. Att. 7, 23, 2:

    si istiusmodi sermones ad te delati de me sunt, non debuisti credere,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 5 sq.:

    in sermonem hominum venire,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 13:

    audita et percelebrata sermonibus res est,

    id. Cael. 29, 69; cf.:

    vix feram sermones hominum, si, etc.,

    id. Cat. 1, 9, 23:

    vestrae perigrinantur aures, neque in hoc pervagato civitatis sermone versantur,

    this talk of the town, id. Mil. 12, 33:

    refrigerato jam levissimo sermone hominum,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

    sermones inimicorum effugere,

    id. Cael. 16, 38:

    sermones lacessere, reprimere,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 7: retudit sermones, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1:

    ne putet aliquid oratione meā sermonis in sese aut invidiae esse quaesitum,

    of slander, calumny, Cic. Fl. 5, 13:

    dabimus sermonem iis, qui, etc.,

    give them something to talk about, id. Fam. 9, 3; so,

    materiam sermonibus praebere,

    Tac. H. 4, 4: cataplus ille Puteolanus, sermo illius temporis, Cic. [p. 1680] Rab. Post. 14, 40 B. and K. dub.; v. Orell. N. cr.
    II.
    Transf., a manner of speaking, mode of expression, language, style, diction, etc. (cf. lingua):

    sermone eo debemus uti, qui notus est nobis, ne, ut quidam Graeca verba inculcantes jure optimo rideamur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111:

    cujus (Terentii) fabellae propter elegantiam sermonis putabantur a C. Laelio scribi,

    id. Att. 7, 3, 10:

    et sane quid est aliud vetus sermo quam vetus loquendi consuetudo?

    Quint. 1, 6, 43; 12, 2, 3.—
    B.
    A language, the speech of a nation, etc.:

    cui (Catulo) non solum nos Latini sermonis, sed etiam Graeci ipsi solent suae linguae subtilitatem elegantiamque concedere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 7, 28:

    in Latino sermone,

    id. ib. 3, 11, 42:

    quae philosophi Graeco sermone tractavissent, ea Latinis litteris mandaremus,

    id. Fin. 1, 1, 1:

    patrii sermonis egestas,

    Lucr. 1, 832; 3, 260:

    cum lingua Catonis et Enni Sermonem patrium ditaverit,

    Hor. A. P. 57:

    aves, quae sermonem imitantur humanum... Agrippina turdum habuit imitantem sermones hominum... lusciniae Graeco atque Latino sermone dociles,

    Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 120.—
    C.
    Of a single expression:

    si quis ita legaverit: Fructus annuos, etc., perinde accipi debet hic sermo, ac si, etc.,

    Dig. 7, 1, 20; 11, 7, 2, § 1; 28, 5, 29.— Hence, of a single word (late Lat.): deos sermo Graecus est, Cassiod. in Psa. 21, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sermo

  • 7 consequor

    con-sĕquor, sĕcūtus (or sĕquūtus; v. sequor), 3, v. dep. a.
    I.
    To follow, follow up, press upon, go after, attend, accompany, pursue any person or thing (class. in prose and poetry); constr. with acc. or absol.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen. (rare).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    consecutus est me usque ad fores,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 93:

    me continuo,

    id. Am. 3, 1, 20:

    te tam strenue,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 9:

    prope nos,

    id. ib. 4, 3, 11; cf.:

    litteras suas prope,

    Liv. 41, 10, 12:

    vocem gradu,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 21.—
    (β).
    Absol.: ita vos decet;

    Consequimini,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 22:

    hic se conjecit intro: ego consequor,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 36:

    ego rectā consequor,

    id. Hec. 3, 3, 12; Nep. Them. 7, 2:

    comitibus non consecutis,

    without attendants, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To follow after or pursue in a hostile manner:

    reliquas copias Helvetiorum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

    reliquos,

    id. ib. 1, 53:

    consequuntur equites nostri, ut erat praeceptum, Auct. B. G. 8, 27: consecutis strenue hostibus,

    Curt. 5, 4, 34:

    fugientem (Servium),

    Liv. 1, 48, 4.— Absol.:

    ita mihi videntur omnia, mare, terra, caelum consequi, ut, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 3 Fleck. Codd. (Ussing, concoqui).—
    b.
    To follow, come after, in time: hunc Cethegum consecutus est aetate Cato, Cic. Brut. 15, 61:

    Sallustium (Livius, etc.),

    Vell. 2, 36, 3:

    has tam prosperas res consecuta est subita mutatio,

    Nep. Dion, 6, 1; cf. id. Cim. 3, 2:

    si haec in eum annum qui consequitur redundarint,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 85; cf.:

    omnes anni consequentes,

    id. Sen. 6, 19:

    tempus,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 67:

    reliquis consecutis diebus,

    id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:

    ejusmodi tempora post tuam profectionem consecuta esse,

    id. Fam. 1, 5, a, 1; Auct. Her. 2, 5, 8: haec cum Crassus dixisset, silentium est consecutum. Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 160; cf. id. ib. 3, 2, 6; id. Tusc. 4, 8, 19:

    hominem consequitur aliquando, numquam comitatur divinitas,

    i. e. after death, Curt. 8, 5, 16.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen. (rare):

    minas jam decem habet a me filia... Hasce ornamentis consequentur alterae,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 9:

    his diebus, quae praeterita erunt superiore mense, opera consequi oportet,

    to make up, Col. 11, 2, 90.—Far more freq.,
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To follow a model, copy, an authority, example, opinion, etc.; to imitate, adopt, obey, etc.:

    Chrysippum Diogenes consequens partum Jovis dejungit a fabulā,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 41:

    eum morem,

    id. Leg. 2, 7, 18:

    alicujus sententiam,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 13:

    necesse'st consilia consequi consimilia,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 35; so,

    sententias (principum),

    Cic. Cat. 3, 6, 13:

    suum quoddam institutum,

    id. Off. 1, 32, 116:

    exilitatem,

    id. Brut. 82, 284:

    mediam consilii viam,

    Liv. 24, 45, 7.—
    b.
    To follow a preceding cause as an effect, to ensue, result, to be the consequence, to arise or proceed from:

    rebus ab ipsis Consequitur sensus,

    Lucr. 1, 461; 3, 929; 4, 867; cf. id. 3, 477: ex quo fit ut pudorem rubor, terrorem pallor et tremor consequatur, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19:

    quam eorum opinionem magni errores consecuti sunt,

    id. ib. 1, 16, 36:

    quod dictum magna invidia consecuta est,

    Nep. Dion, 6, 4:

    ex quo illud naturā consequi, ut communem utilitatem nostrae anteponamus,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64; Quint. 6, 3, 44; 2, 3, 2:

    quia libertatem pax consequebatur,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 13, 32.—
    (β).
    Of a logical sequence, to follow:

    si quod primum in conexo est, necessarium est, fit etiam quod consequitur necessarium,

    Cic. Fat. 7, 14; 5, 9; cf. under P. a.—
    II.
    Meton. (causa pro effectu), by following after any person or thing, to reach, overtake, come up with, attain to, arrive at.
    A.
    Lit.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    si statim navigas, nos Leucade consequere,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 1, 2:

    aliquem in itinere,

    id. Inv. 2, 4, 15; Pompeius ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, §

    3: fugientem,

    Liv. 1, 48, 4; Curt. 4, 9, 25; Dig. 42, 8, 10, § 16; cf. Verg. A. 11, 722:

    cohortes,

    Suet. Caes. 31:

    virum,

    Ov. M. 10, 672:

    rates,

    id. ib. 8, 143 et saep.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    si adcelerare volent, ad vesperam consequentur,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 6:

    prius quam alter, qui nec procul aberat, consequi posset,

    Liv. 1, 25, 10: Fabius equites praemittit, ut... agmen morarentur dum consequeretur ipse, Auct. B. G. 8, 28 init.:

    interim reliqui legati sunt consecuti,

    came up, Nep. Them. 7, 2.—
    B.
    Trop., to reach, overtake, obtain (cf. assequor).
    1.
    Ingen.
    a.
    With things as objects (so most freq.), to obtain, acquire, get, attain, reach:

    ut opes quam maximas consequantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 19, 64; cf.

    quaestum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34:

    amplissimos honores,

    id. Planc. 5, 13:

    magistratum,

    id. ib. 25, 60:

    eam rem (i. e. regna),

    Caes. B. G. 2, 1:

    dum sua quisque spolia consequi studet,

    Curt. 4, 9, 19.—With ab:

    nec dubitat quin ego a te nutu hoc consequi possem,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 5: ab aliquo suum consequi, Gai Inst. 2, 55; Dig. 15, 1, 9, § 1; Cic. Planc. 23, 55.—With ex:

    fructum amplissimum ex vestro judicio,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

    gloriosam victoriam ex rei publicae causā,

    id. Cael. 7, 18:

    aliquid commodi ex laboriosā exercitatione corporis,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 35; Quint. 7, 2, 42.—With per:

    omnia per senatum (corresp. with adsequi per populum),

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 10; Quint. 3, 8, 34. —With abl.:

    ut omnem gloriam... omni curā atque industriā consequare,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 9; 1, 5, b, 2 fin.:

    suis erga aliquem meritis inpunitatem,

    id. Planc. 1, 3:

    tantam gloriam duabus victoriis,

    Nep. Them. 6, 3; id. Dat. 5, 2; id. Att. 19, 2; 21, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 8; 10, 1, 102; Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 68.—With in and abl.:

    si quid in dicendo consequi possum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

    in hac pernicie rei publicae... gratiam,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79:

    Achillis gloriam in rebus bellicis,

    Quint. 12, 11, 27; cf. Nep. Ages. 2, 5.—With ut or ne:

    hoc consequi, ut ne, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 4:

    nec legum repertores sine summā vi orandi consecutos, ut. etc.,

    Quint. 2, 16, 9; 5, 10, 125; 8, 3, 70; Vell. 2, 124, 4; Cels. 7, 26, 3; vix per matrem consecutus, ut, etc., Suet Tib. 12:

    per quae si consequi potuimus, ut, etc.,

    Cels. 3, 19:

    sicut hic Cicero consequitur, ne, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 2, 62.— Absol.: quibus ex rebus largiter erat consecutus, made great profit, Auct. B. Afr. 62; cf.:

    non quod minore numero militum consequi difficile factu putaret, sed ut, etc., Auct. B. Alex. 30, 3: non est turpe non consequi, dummodo sequaris,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 5, 4.—With inf. as object:

    vere enim illud dicitur, perverse dicere homines perverse dicendo facillime consequi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150.—
    b.
    Sometimes with a personal object, and with a thing as subject (cf. capio, II.), to reach, come to, overtake:

    matrem ipsam ex aegritudine hac miseram mors consecuta'st,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 23:

    tanta prosperitas Caesarem est consecuta. ut, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 19, 3; Quint. 7, 4, 19:

    si aliqua nos incommoda ex iis materiis consequentur,

    id. 2, 10, 14; cf. I. B. 2, b. supra.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To become like or equal to a person or thing in any property or quality, to attain, come up to, to equal (cf. adsequor):

    aliquem majorem,

    Cic. Brut. 64, 228:

    nullam partem tuorum meritorum,

    id. Fam. 1, 8, 6; cf.:

    ad consequendos, quos priores ducimus, accendimur,

    Vell. 1, 17, 7:

    verborum prope numerum sententiarum numero,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56; Col. 11, 2, 90.—
    b.
    To reach with the sight, to distinguish (rare): animalia [p. 430] minuta, quae non possunt oculi consequi, Varr. R. R. 1, 12, 2.—
    c.
    To attain to something intellectually or by speech, to understand, perceive, learn, know:

    similitudinem veri,

    Cic. Univ. 3 init.:

    plura,

    Nep. Alcib. 2, 1: quantum conjecturā, Caes. ap. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10 (12), 4:

    omnis illorum conatus investigare et consequi,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 48; id. Fam. 1, 8, 6: omnia alicujus facta aut memoriā consequi aut oratione complecti. id. Verr. 2, 4, 26, § 57:

    tantam causam diligentiā consequi et memoriā complecti,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39.—
    d.
    Of speech or lang., to attain, be equal to, impress fully, do justice to, etc.:

    vestram magnitudinem multitudinemque beneficiorum,

    Cic. Red. Quir. 2, 5:

    laudes ejus verbis,

    id. Phil. 5, 13, 35, cf. id. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 270, 21: omnia verbis, Ov M. 15 419; cf. Cic. Dom. 50, 129.—Hence, consĕquens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I. B.).
    A.
    According to reason, correspondent, suitable, fit:

    in conjunctis verbis quod non est consequens vituperandum est,

    Cic. Part. Or. 6, 18; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 5; 5, 10, 75.—Hence,
    2.
    Consequens est = consentaneum est, it is in accordance with reason, fit, suitable, etc.; with ut or acc. and inf.:

    consequens esse videtur, ut scribas, etc.,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 15:

    consequens est, eos invitos non potuisse retineri,

    Quint. 5, 10, 77; so,

    dicere,

    Gell. 1, 4, 7; Dig. 43, 23, 15 fin.
    B.
    That follows logically, consequent; with dat.:

    assentior, eorum quae posuisti alterum alteri consequens esse,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 21; cf. id. ib. 5, 7, 18.— Comp.:

    quid consequentius, quam ut, etc.,

    Aug. Trin. 15, 19 fin.Sup. apparently not in use.—Hence, subst.: consĕ-quens, entis, n., a consequence:

    teneamus illud necesse est, cum consequens aliquod falsum sit, illud, cujus id consequens sit, non posse esse verum,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 68:

    consequentibus vestris sublatis, prima tolluntur,

    id. ib. 4, 19, 55; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215; id. Top. 12, 53; Quint. 5, 10, 2; 6, 3, 66.— Hence, consĕquenter, adv. (post-class.).
    1.
    In an accordant, suitable manner, suitably, conformably; with dat.:

    prioribus dicere,

    Dig. 35, 2, 11; so ib. 10, 2, 18; App. M. 11, p. 257.— Absol., Hier. Ep. 22, n. 13.—
    2.
    In consequence, consequently, App. M. 10 init.Comp. and sup. not in use.
    Pass.: quae vix ab hominibus consequi possunt anuesthai, Orbilius ap. Prisc. p. 791 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > consequor

  • 8 dico

    1.
    dĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 (dixe for dixisse, Val. Ant. ap. Arn. 5, 1; DICASSIT dixerit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 15; rather = dicaverit), v. a. [orig. the same word with 2. dīco; cf. the meaning of abdĭco and abdīco, of indĭco and indīco, dedĭco, no. II. A. al., Corss. Ausspr. 1, 380].
    I.
    To proclaim, make known. So perh. only in the foll. passage: pugnam, Lucil. ap. Non. 287, 30.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    Relig. t. t., to dedicate, consecrate, devote any thing to a deity or to a deified person (for syn. cf.: dedico, consecro, inauguro).
    A.
    Prop.: et me dicabo atque animam devotabo hostibus, Att. ap. Non. 98, 12:

    donum tibi (sc. Jovi) dicatum atque promissum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72; cf.:

    ara condita atque dicata,

    Liv. 1, 7 (for which aram condidit dedicavitque, id. 28, 46 fin.); so,

    aram,

    id. 1, 7; 1, 20:

    capitolium, templum Jovis O. M.,

    id. 22, 38 fin.:

    templa,

    Ov. F. 1, 610:

    delubrum ex manubiis,

    Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 97:

    lychnuchum Apollini,

    id. 34, 3, 8, § 14:

    statuas Olympiae,

    id. 34, 4, 9, § 16:

    vehiculum,

    Tac. G. 40:

    carmen Veneri,

    Plin. 37, 10, 66, § 178; cf. Suet. Ner. 10 fin. et saep.:

    cygni Apollini dicati,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 73.—
    2.
    With a personal object, to consecrate, to deify (cf. dedico, no. II. A. b.):

    Janus geminus a Numa dicatus,

    Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 34:

    inter numina dicatus Augustus,

    Tac. A. 1, 59.—
    B.
    Transf., beyond the relig. sphere.
    1.
    To give up, set apart, appropriate a thing to any one: recita;

    aurium operam tibi dico,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 72; so,

    operam,

    id. Ps. 1, 5, 147; Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 12:

    hunc totum diem tibi,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7:

    tuum studium meae laudi,

    id. Fam. 2, 6, 4:

    genus (orationis) epidicticum gymnasiis et palaestrae,

    id. Or. 13, 42:

    librum Maecenati,

    Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 177; cf.:

    librum laudibus ptisanae,

    id. 18, 7, 15, § 75 al.:

    (Deïopeam) conubio jungam stabili propriamque dicabo,

    Verg. A. 1, 73; cf. the same verse, ib. 4, 126:

    se Crasso,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 11; cf.: se Remis in clientelam, * Caes. B. G. 6, 12, 7:

    se alii civitati,

    to become a free denizen of it, Cic. Balb. 11, 28;

    for which: se in aliam civitatem,

    id. ib. 12 fin.
    * 2.
    (I. q. dedico, no. II. A.) To consecrate a thing by using it for the first time:

    nova signa novamque aquilam,

    Tac. H. 5, 16.— Hence, dĭcātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. II.), devoted, consecrated, dedicated:

    loca Christo dedicatissima, August. Civ. Dei, 3, 31: CONSTANTINO AETERNO AVGVSTO ARRIVS DIOTIMVS... N. M. Q. (i. e. numini majestatique) EIVS DICATISSIMVS,

    Inscr. Orell. 1083.
    2.
    dīco, xi, ctum, 3 ( praes. DEICO, Inscr. Orell. 4848; imp. usu. dic; cf. duc, fac, fer, from duco, etc., DEICVNTO, and perf. DEIXSERINT, P. C. de Therm. ib. 3673; imp. dice, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 298, 29 Müll.; Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 109; id. Bac. 4, 4, 65; id. Merc. 1, 2, 47 al.; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 21; fut. dicem = dicam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 72, 6 Müll.—Another form of the future is dicebo, Novius ap. Non. 507 (Com. v. 8 Rib.). — Perf. sync.:

    dixti,

    Plaut. As. 4, 2, 14; id. Trin. 2, 4, 155; id. Mil. 2, 4, 12 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 1, 1; 3, 2, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 100 et saep.; Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 10; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; id. Caecin. 29, 82; acc. to Quint. 9, 3, 22.— Perf. subj.:

    dixis,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 46; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.:

    dixem = dixissem,

    Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 84; inf. dixe = dix isse, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 105, 23; Varr. ib. 451, 16; Arn. init.; Aus. Sept. Sap. de Cleob. 8; inf. praes. pass. dicier, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 32; Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5, 9 al.), v. a. [root DIC = DEIK in deiknumi; lit., to show; cf. dikê, and Lat. dicis, ju-dex, dicio], to say, tell, mention, relate, affirm, declare, state; to mean, intend (for syn. cf.: for, loquor, verba facio, dicto, dictito, oro, inquam, aio, fabulor, concionor, pronuntio, praedico, recito, declamo, affirmo, assevero, contendo; also, nomino, voco, alloquor, designo, nuncupo; also, decerno, jubeo, statuo, etc.; cf. also, nego.—The person addressed is usually put in dat., v. the foll.: dicere ad aliquem, in eccl. Lat., stands for the Gr. eipein pros tina, Vulg. Luc. 2, 34 al.; cf. infra I. B. 2. g).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    Amphitruonis socium nae me esse volui dicere,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 228:

    advenisse familiarem dicito,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 197:

    haec uti sunt facta ero dicam,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 304; cf. ib. 2, 1, 23:

    signi dic quid est?

    id. ib. 1, 1, 265:

    si dixero mendacium,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 43; cf.

    opp. vera dico,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 238 al.:

    quo facto aut dicto adest opus,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 15; cf.:

    dictu opus est,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 68:

    nihil est dictu facilius,

    id. Phorm. 2, 1, 70:

    turpe dictu,

    id. Ad. 2, 4, 11:

    indignis si male dicitur, bene dictum id esse dico,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 27:

    ille, quem dixi,

    whom I have mentioned, named, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45 et saep.: vel dicam = vel potius, or rather:

    stuporem hominis vel dicam pecudis attendite,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:

    mihi placebat Pomponius maxime vel dicam minime displicebat,

    id. Brut. 57, 207; so id. ib. 70, 246; id. Fam. 4, 7, 3 al.—
    b.
    Dicitur, dicebatur, dictum est, impers. with acc. and inf., it is said, related, maintained, etc.; or, they say, affirm, etc.: de hoc (sc. Diodoro) Verri dicitur, habere eum, etc., it is reported to Verres that, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18:

    non sine causa dicitur, ad ea referri omnes nostras cogitationes,

    id. Fin. 3, 18, 60; so,

    dicitur,

    Nep. Paus. 5, 3; Quint. 5, 7, 33; 7, 2, 44; Ov. F. 4, 508:

    Titum multo apud patrem sermone orasse dicebatur, ne, etc.,

    Tac. H. 4, 52; so,

    dicebatur,

    id. A. 1, 10:

    in hac habitasse platea dictum'st Chrysidem,

    Ter. And. 4, 5, 1:

    dictum est,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 38, 56; Quint. 6, 1, 27:

    ut pulsis hostibus dici posset, eos, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 3. Cf. also: hoc, illud dicitur, with acc. and inf., Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 72; id. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Quint. 4, 2, 91; 11, 3, 177 al. —Esp. in histt. in reference to what has been previously related:

    ut supra dictum est,

    Sall. J. 96, 1:

    sicut ante dictum est,

    Nep. Dion. 9, 5; cf. Curt. 3, 7, 7; 5, 1, 11; 8, 6, 2 et saep.—
    c.
    (See Zumpt, Gram. § 607.) Dicor, diceris, dicitur, with nom. and inf., it is said that I, thou, he, etc.; or, they say that I, thou, etc.:

    ut nos dicamur duo omnium dignissimi esse,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 47: cf. Quint. 4, 4, 6:

    dicar Princeps Aeolium carmen ad Italos Deduxisse modos,

    Hor. Od. 3, 30, 10 al.:

    illi socius esse diceris,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72: aedes Demaenetus ubi [p. 571] dicitur habitare, id. As. 2, 3, 2:

    qui (Pisistratus) primus Homeri libros confusos antea sic disposuisse dicitur, ut nunc habemus,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 34, 137 et saep.:

    quot annos nata dicitur?

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 89:

    is nunc dicitur venturus peregre,

    id. Truc. 1, 1, 66 et saep. In a double construction, with nom. and inf., and acc. and inf. (acc. to no. b. and c.): petisse dicitur major Titius... idque ab eis facile (sc. eum) impetrasse, Auct. B. Afr. 28 fin.; so Suet. Oth. 7.—
    d.
    Dictum ac factum or dictum factum (Gr. hama epos hama ergon), in colloq. lang., no sooner said than done, without delay, Ter. And. 2, 3, 7:

    dictum ac factum reddidi,

    it was "said and done" with me, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12; 5, 1, 31; cf.:

    dicto citius,

    Verg. A. 1, 142; Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; and:

    dicto prope citius,

    Liv. 23, 47, 6.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn.
    a.
    To assert, affirm a thing as certain (opp. nego):

    quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12; cf.:

    dicebant, ego negabam,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; and:

    quibus creditum non sit negantibus, iisdem credatur dicentibus?

    id. Rab. Post. 12, 35.—
    b.
    For dico with a negative, nego is used, q. v.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 799;

    but: dicere nihil esse pulchrius, etc.,

    Liv. 30, 12, 6; 21, 9, 3 Fabri; so,

    freq. in Liv. when the negation precedes,

    id. 30, 22, 5; 23, 10, 13 al.; cf. Krebs, Antibar. p. 355.—
    2.
    dico is often inserted parenthetically, to give emphasis to an apposition:

    utinam C. Caesari, patri, dico adulescenti contigisset, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105; id. Planc. 12, 30; Quint. 9, 2, 83; cf. Cic. Or. 58, 197; id. Tusc. 4, 16, 36; Sen. Ep. 14, 6; id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 24:

    ille mihi praesidium dederat, cum dico mihi, senatui dico populoque Romano,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 20; Sen. Ep. 83, 12; Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 2; 3, 2, 2.—
    3.
    In rhetor. and jurid. lang., to pronounce, deliver, rehearse, speak any thing.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    oratio dicta de scripto,

    Cic. Planc. 30 fin.; cf.:

    sententiam de scripto,

    id. Att. 4, 3, 3:

    controversias,

    Quint. 3, 8, 51; 9, 2, 77:

    prooemium ac narrationem et argumenta,

    id. 2, 20, 10:

    exordia,

    id. 11, 3, 161:

    theses et communes locos,

    id. 2, 1, 9:

    materias,

    id. 2, 4, 41:

    versus,

    Cic. Or. 56, 189; Quint. 6, 3, 86:

    causam, of the defendant or his attorney,

    to make a defensive speech, to plead in defence, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5; id. Quint. 8; id. Sest. 8; Quint. 5, 11, 39; 7, 4, 3; 8, 2, 24 al.; cf.

    causas (said of the attorney),

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5; 2, 8, 32 al.:

    jus,

    to pronounce judgment, id. Fl. 3; id. Fam. 13, 14; hence the praetor's formula: DO, DICO, ADDICO; v. do, etc.—
    (β).
    With ad and acc. pers., to plead before a person or tribunal:

    ad unum judicem,

    Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 10:

    ad quos? ad me, si idoneus videor qui judicem, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 72; Liv. 3, 41.—
    (γ).
    With ad and acc. of thing, to speak in reference to, in reply to:

    non audeo ad ista dicere,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 32, 78; id. Rep. 1, 18, 30.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    nec idem loqui, quod dicere,

    Cic. Or. 32:

    est oratoris proprium, apte, distincte, ornate dicere,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 2; so,

    de aliqua re pro aliquo, contra aliquem, etc., innumerable times in Cic. and Quint.: dixi, the t. t. at the end of a speech,

    I have done, Cic. Verr. 1 fin. Ascon. and Zumpt, a. h. 1.;

    thus, dixerunt, the t. t. by which the praeco pronounced the speeches of the parties to be finished,

    Quint. 1, 5, 43; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 6, 4, 7.— Transf. beyond the judicial sphere:

    causam nullam or causam haud dico,

    I have no objection, Plaut. Mil. 5, 34; id. Capt. 3, 4, 92; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 42.—
    4.
    To describe, relate, sing, celebrate in writing (mostly poet.):

    tibi dicere laudes,

    Tib. 1, 3, 31; so,

    laudes Phoebi et Dianae,

    Hor. C. S. 76:

    Dianam, Cynthium, Latonam,

    id. C. 1, 21, 1:

    Alciden puerosque Ledae,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 25:

    caelestes, pugilemve equumve,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 19:

    Pelidae stomachum,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 5:

    bella,

    id. Ep. 1, 16, 26; Liv. 7, 29:

    carmen,

    Hor. C. 1, 32, 3; id. C. S. 8; Tib. 2, 1, 54:

    modos,

    Hor. C. 3, 11, 7:

    silvestrium naturas,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 138 et saep.:

    temporibus Augusti dicendis non defuere decora ingenia,

    Tac. A. 1, 1; id. H. 1, 1:

    vir neque silendus neque dicendus sine cura,

    Vell. 2, 13.—
    b.
    Of prophecies, to predict, foretell:

    bellicosis fata Quiritibus Hac lege dico, ne, etc.,

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 58:

    sortes per carmina,

    id. A. P. 403:

    quicquid,

    id. S. 2, 5, 59:

    hoc (Delphi),

    Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 43 et saep.—
    5.
    To pronounce, articulate a letter, syllable, word: Demosthenem scribit Phalereus, cum Rho dicere nequiret, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96; id. de Or. 1, 61, 260; Quint. 1, 4, 8; 1, 7, 21 al.—
    6.
    To call, to name: habitum quendam vitalem corporis esse, harmoniam Graii quam dicunt, Lucr. 3, 106; cf.: Latine dicimus elocutionem, quam Graeci phrasin vocant, Quint. 8, 1, 1:

    Chaoniamque omnem Trojano a Chaone dixit,

    Verg. A. 3, 335:

    hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

    Hor. Od. 1, 2, 50:

    uxor quondam tua dicta,

    Verg. A. 2, 678 et saep. —Prov.:

    dici beatus ante obitum nemo debet,

    Ov. M. 3, 135.—
    7.
    To name, appoint one to an office:

    ut consules roget praetor vel dictatorem dicat,

    Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2: so,

    dictatorem,

    Liv. 5, 9; 7, 26; 8, 29:

    consulem,

    id. 10, 15; 24, 9; 26, 22 (thrice):

    magistrum equitum,

    id. 6, 39:

    aedilem,

    id. 9, 46:

    arbitrum bibendi,

    Hor. Od. 2, 7, 26 et saep.—
    8.
    To appoint, set apart. fix upon, settle:

    nam mea bona meis cognatis dicam, inter eos partiam,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113; cf. Pompon. ap. Non. 280, 19:

    dotis paululum vicino suo,

    Afran. ib. 26:

    pecuniam omnem suam doti,

    Cic. Fl. 35: quoniam inter nos nuptiae sunt dictae, Afran. ap. Non. 280, 24; cf.:

    diem nuptiis,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 75:

    diem operi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57:

    diem juris,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 16:

    diem exercitui ad conveniendum Pharas,

    Liv. 36, 8; cf. id. 42, 28, and v. dies:

    locum consiliis,

    id. 25, 16:

    leges pacis,

    id. 33, 12; cf.:

    leges victis,

    id. 34, 57:

    legem tibi,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 18; Ov. M. 6, 137; cf.:

    legem sibi,

    to give sentence upon one's self, id. ib. 13, 72:

    pretium muneri,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 12 et saep.—With inf.: prius data est, quam tibi dari dicta, Pac. ap. Non. 280, 28. — Pass. impers.:

    eodem Numida inermis, ut dictum erat, accedit,

    Sall. J. 113, 6.—
    9.
    To utter, express, esp. in phrases:

    non dici potest, dici vix potest, etc.: non dici potest quam flagrem desiderio urbis,

    Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 17, 5:

    dici vix potest quanta sit vis, etc.,

    id. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127; id. Or. 17, 55; id. Red. ad Quir. 1, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 2, 8; 11, 3, 85.—
    10.
    (Mostly in colloq. lang.) Alicui, like our vulg. to tell one so and so, for to admonish, warn, threaten him:

    dicebam, pater, tibi, ne matri consuleres male,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 88; cf. Nep. Datam. 5; Ov. Am. 1, 14, 1.—Esp. freq.:

    tibi (ego) dico,

    I tell you, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 30; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 76; id. Men. 2, 3, 27; id. Mil. 2, 2, 62 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 2, 33 Ruhnk.; id. ib. 4, 4, 23; id. Eun. 2, 3, 46; 87; Phaedr. 4, 19, 18; cf.:

    tibi dicimus,

    Ov. H. 20, 153; id. M. 9, 122; so, dixi, I have said it, i. e. you may depend upon it, it shall be done, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 90; 92.—
    11.
    Dicere sacramentum or sacramento, to take an oath, to swear; v. sacramentum.
    II.
    Transf., i. q. intellego, Gr. phêmi, to mean so and so; it may sometimes be rendered in English by namely, to wit:

    nec quemquam vidi, qui magis ea, quae timenda esse negaret, timeret, mortem dico et deos,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86; id. de Or. 3, 44, 174: M. Sequar ut institui divinum illum virum, quem saepius fortasse laudo quam necesse est. At. Platonem videlicet dicis, id. Leg. 3, 1:

    uxoris dico, non tuam,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 30 et saep.—Hence, dictum, i, n., something said, i. e. a saying, a word.
    A.
    In gen.: haut doctis dictis certantes sed male dictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 Vahl.; acc. to Hertz.: nec maledictis); so,

    istaec dicta dicere,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 40:

    docta,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 99; id. Men. 2, 1, 24; Lucr. 5, 113; cf.

    condocta,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 3:

    meum,

    id. As. 2, 4, 1:

    ridiculum,

    id. Capt. 3, 1, 22:

    minimum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9:

    ferocibus dictis rem nobilitare,

    Liv. 23, 47, 4 al.:

    ob admissum foede dictumve superbe,

    Lucr. 5, 1224; cf.

    facete,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 73; id. Poen. 3, 3, 24; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 57; Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104 al.:

    lepide,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 103:

    absurde,

    id. Capt. 1, 1, 3:

    vere,

    Nep. Alc. 8, 4:

    ambigue,

    Hor. A. P. 449 et saep.—Pleon.:

    feci ego istaec dicta quae vos dicitis (sc. me fecisse),

    Plaut. Casin. 5, 4, 17.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A saying, maxim, proverb:

    aurea dicta,

    Lucr. 3, 12; cf.

    veridica,

    id. 6, 24: Catonis est dictum. Pedibus compensari pecuniam, Cic. Fl. 29 fin. Hence, the title of a work by Caesar: Dicta collectanea (his Apophthegmata, mentioned in Cic. Fam. 9, 16), Suet. Caes. 56.—Esp. freq.,
    2.
    For facete dictum, a witty saying, bon-mot, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 54 fin. (cf. Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 1 fin.); Cic. Phil. 2, 17; Quint. 6, 3, 2; 16; 36; Liv. 7, 33, 3; Hor. A. P. 273 et saep.; cf. also, dicterium.—
    3.
    Poetry, verse (abstr. and concr.): dicti studiosus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

    rerum naturam expandere dictis,

    Lucr. 1, 126; 5, 56:

    Ennius hirsuta cingat sua dicta corona,

    Prop. 4 (5), 1, 61.—
    4.
    A prediction, prophecy, Lucr. 1, 103; Verg. A. 2, 115; Val. Fl. 2, 326 al.; cf. dictio.—
    5.
    An order, command:

    dicto paruit consul,

    Liv. 9, 41; cf. Verg. A. 3, 189; Ov. M. 8, 815:

    haec dicta dedit,

    Liv. 3, 61; cf. id. 7, 33; 8, 34; 22, 25 al.: dicto audientem esse and dicto audire alicui, v. audio.—
    6.
    A promise, assurance:

    illi dixerant sese dedituros... Cares, tamen, non dicto capti, etc.,

    Nep. Milt. 2, 5; Fur. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 34.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dico

  • 9 fero

    fĕro, tuli, latum, ferre (ante-class. redupl. form in the tempp. perff.:

    tetuli,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 84; 168; id. Men. 4, 2, 25; 66; id. Rud. prol. 68: tetulisti, Att. and Caecil. ap. Non. 178, 17 sq.:

    tetulit,

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 30; Ter. And. 5, 1, 13:

    tetulerunt,

    Lucr. 6, § 672:

    tetulissem,

    Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

    tetulisse,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 2:

    tetulero,

    id. Cist. 3, 19:

    tetulerit,

    id. Poen. 3, 1, 58; id. Rud. 4, 3, 101), v. a. and n. [a wide-spread root; Sanscr. bhar-, carry, bharas, burden; Gr. pherô; Goth. bar, bairo, bear, produce, whence barn, child; Anglo-Saxon beran, whence Engl. bear, birth; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300; Fick, Vergl. Wort. p. 135. The perf. forms, tuli, etc., from the root tul-, tol-; Sanscr. tol-jami, lift, weigh; Gr. tlênai, endure, cf. talas, talanton; Lat. tollo, tolerare, (t)latus, etc. Cf. Goth. thulan, Germ. dulden, Geduld; Anglo-Sax. tholian, suffer. Supine latum, i. e. tlatum; cf. supra; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 220; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 73], to bear, carry, bring. (For syn. cf.: gero, porto, bajulo, veho; effero, infero; tolero, patior, sino, permitto, etc.)
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    ferri proprie dicimus, quae quis suo corpore bajulat, portari ea, quae quis in jumento secum ducit, agi ea, quae animalia sunt,

    Dig. 50, 16, 235: oneris quidvis feret, Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 29:

    quin te in fundo conspicer fodere aut arare aut aliquid ferre,

    id. Heaut. 1, 1, 17:

    numerus eorum, qui arma ferre possent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 29, 1:

    arma et vallum,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 13:

    sacra Junonis,

    id. S. 1, 3, 11:

    cadaver nudis humeris (heres),

    id. ib. 2, 5, 86:

    argentum ad aliquem,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 142; cf.:

    symbolum filio,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 30:

    olera et pisciculos minutos ferre obolo in cenam seni,

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

    vina et unguenta et flores,

    Hor. C. 2, 3, 14:

    discerpta ferentes Memora gruis,

    id. S. 2, 8, 86; cf.:

    talos, nucesque sinu laxo,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 172:

    in Capitolium faces,

    Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

    iste operta lectica latus per oppidum est ut mortuus,

    id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

    lectica in Capitolium latus est,

    Suet. Claud. 2:

    circa judices latus (puer),

    Quint. 6, 1, 47:

    prae se ferens (in essedo) Darium puerum,

    Suet. Calig. 19.— Poet. with inf.:

    natum ad Stygios iterum fero mergere fontes,

    Stat. Ach. 1, 134.—Prov.:

    ferre aliquem in oculis, or simply oculis,

    i. e. to hold dear, love exceedingly, Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 11; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9; Q. Cic. Fam. 16, 27, 2.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    With the idea of motion predominating, to set in motion, esp. to move onward quickly or rapidly, to bear, lead, conduct, or drive away; with se or mid. (so esp. freq.), to move or go swiftly, to haste, speed, betake one's self; and of things, to flow, mount, run down.
    (α).
    Act.:

    ubi in rapidas amnis dispeximus undas: Stantis equi corpus transvorsum ferre videtur Vis, et in advorsum flumen contrudere raptim: Et, quocumque oculos trajecimus, omnia ferri Et fluere assimili nobis ratione videntur,

    Lucr. 4, 422 sq.:

    ubi cernimus alta Exhalare vapore altaria, ferreque fumum,

    to send up, id. 3, 432; cf.:

    vis ut vomat ignes, Ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum,

    id. 1, 725; and:

    caelo supinas si tuleris manus,

    raisest, Hor. C. 3, 23, 1:

    te rursus in bellum resorbens Unda fretis tulit aestuosis,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 16; cf.:

    ire, pedes quocumque ferent,

    id. Epod. 16, 21; and:

    me per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,

    id. C. 3, 29, 64:

    signa ferre,

    to put the standards in motion, to break up, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40, 12; Liv. 10, 5, 1 al.:

    pol, si id scissem, numquam huc tetulissem pedem,

    have stirred foot, have come, Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

    pedem,

    Verg. A. 2, 756; Val. Fl. 7, 112:

    gressum,

    to walk, Lucr. 4, 681; cf.:

    agiles gressus,

    Sil. 3, 180:

    vagos gradus,

    Ov. M. 7, 185:

    vestigia,

    Sil. 9, 101:

    vagos cursus,

    id. 9, 243.— Absol.:

    quo ventus ferebat,

    bore, drove, Caes. B. G. 3, 15, 3:

    interim, si feret flatus, danda sunt vela,

    Quint. 10, 3, 7:

    itinera duo, quae extra murum ad portum ferebant,

    led, Caes. B. C. 1, 27, 4:

    pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,

    Liv. 1, 7, 6.—Prov.:

    in silvam ligna ferre,

    to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34.—
    (β).
    With se or mid., to move or go swiftly, to hasten, rush:

    cum ipsa paene insula mihi sese obviam ferre vellet,

    to meet, Cic. Planc. 40, 96; cf.:

    non dubitaverim me gravissimis tempestatibus obvium ferre,

    id. Rep. 1, 4:

    hinc ferro accingor rursus... meque extra tecta ferebam,

    Verg. A. 2, 672; 11, 779:

    grassatorum plurimi palam se ferebant,

    Suet. Aug. 32.—Of things as subjects:

    ubi forte ita se tetulerunt semina aquarum,

    i. e. have collected themselves, Lucr. 6, 672.—Mid.:

    ad eum omni celeritate et studio incitatus ferebatur,

    proceeded, Caes. B. C. 3, 78, 2:

    alii aliam in partem perterriti ferebantur,

    betook themselves, fled, id. B. G. 2, 24, 3:

    (fera) supra venabula fertur,

    rushes, springs, Verg. A. 9, 553:

    huc juvenis nota fertur regione viarum,

    proceeds, id. ib. 11, 530:

    densos fertur moribundus in hostes,

    rushes, id. ib. 2, 511:

    quocumque feremur, danda vela sunt,

    Cic. Or. 23, 75; cf.:

    non alto semper feremur,

    Quint. 12, 10, 37:

    ego, utrum Nave ferar magna an parva, ferar unus et idem,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 200:

    non tenui ferar Penna biformis per liquidum aethera Vates,

    fly, id. C. 2, 20, 1.—Of inanimate subjects:

    (corpuscula rerum) ubi tam volucri levitate ferantur,

    move, Lucr. 4, 195; cf.:

    quae cum mobiliter summa levitate feruntur,

    id. 4, 745; cf.:

    tellus neque movetur et infima est, et in eam feruntur omnia nutu suo pondera,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17 fin.:

    Rhenus longo spatio per fines Nantuatium, etc.... citatus fertur,

    flows, Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 3; cf. Hirt. B. [p. 738] G. 8, 40, 3:

    ut (flamma) ad caelum usque ferretur,

    ascended, arose, Suet. Aug. 94.—

    Rarely ferre = se ferre: quem procul conspiciens ad se ferentem pertimescit,

    Nep. Dat. 4 fin.
    2.
    To carry off, take away by force, as a robber, etc.: to plunder, spoil, ravage:

    alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,

    Verg. A. 2, 374:

    postquam te (i. e. exstinctum Daphnin) fata tulerunt,

    snatched away, id. E. 5, 34. So esp. in the phrase ferre et agere, of taking booty, plundering, where ferre applies to portable things, and agere to men and cattle; v. ago.—
    3.
    To bear, produce, yield:

    plurima tum tellus etiam majora ferebat, etc.,

    Lucr. 5, 942 sq.; cf.:

    quae autem terra fruges ferre, et, ut mater, cibos suppeditare possit,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67:

    quem (florem) ferunt terrae solutae,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 10:

    quibus jugera fruges et Cererem ferunt,

    id. ib. 3, 24, 13:

    angulus iste feret piper et thus,

    id. Ep. 1, 14, 23:

    (olea) fructum ramis pluribus feret,

    Quint. 8, 3, 10.— Absol.:

    ferundo arbor peribit,

    Cato, R. R. 6, 2.—
    4.
    Of a woman or sheanimal, to bear offspring, be pregnant:

    ignorans nurum ventrem ferre,

    Liv. 1, 34, 3;

    of animals: equa ventrem fert duodecim menses, vacca decem, ovis et capra quinque, sus quatuor,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 19; cf.:

    cervi octonis mensibus ferunt partus,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 112:

    nec te conceptam saeva leaena tulit,

    Tib. 3, 4, 90.— Poet.:

    quem tulerat mater claro Phoenissa Laconi,

    i. e. had borne, Sil. 7, 666.—
    5.
    To offer as an oblation:

    liba et Mopsopio dulcia melle feram,

    Tib. 1, 7, 54; so,

    liba,

    id. 1, 10, 23:

    lancesque et liba Baccho,

    Verg. G. 2, 394:

    tura superis, altaribus,

    Ov. M. 11, 577.—
    6.
    To get, receive, acquire, obtain, as gain, a reward, a possession, etc.:

    quod posces, feres,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 106; cf.: quodvis donum et praemium a me optato;

    id optatum feres,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27:

    fructus ex sese (i. e. re publica) magna acerbitate permixtos tulissem,

    Cic. Planc. 38, 92:

    partem praedae,

    id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107:

    ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,

    Juv. 13, 105:

    coram rege sua de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to bear, carry, bring:

    satis haec tellus morbi caelumque mali fert,

    bears, contains, Lucr. 6, 663;

    veterrima quaeque, ut ea vina, quae vetustatem ferunt, esse debent suavissima,

    which carry age, are old, Cic. Lael. 19, 67:

    scripta vetustatem si modo nostra ferent,

    will have, will attain to, Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 8:

    nomen alicujus,

    to bear, have, Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; cf.:

    insani sapiens nomen ferat, aequus iniqui,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 15:

    nomen,

    Suet. Aug. 101; id. Calig. 47:

    cognomen,

    id. Aug. 43; id. Galb. 3; cf.:

    ille finis Appio alienae personae ferendae fuit,

    of bearing an assumed character, Liv. 3, 36, 1:

    Archimimus personam ejus ferens,

    personating, Suet. Vesp. 19; cf.

    also: (Garyophyllon) fert et in spinis piperis similitudinem,

    Plin. 12, 7, 15, § 30: fer mi auxilium, bring assistance, aid, help, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 29 (Trag. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

    alicui opem auxiliumque ferre,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 9:

    auxilium alicui,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 115; Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19; Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5; 4, 12, 5; Hor. Epod. 1, 21 et saep.: opem, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 86 ed. Vahl.):

    opem alicui,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 23; Ter. And. 3, 1, 15; id. Ad. 3, 4, 41; Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3 (with succurrere saluti); id. Fin. 2, 35, 118 (with salutem); id. Fam. 5, 4, 2:

    subsidium alicui,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 2:

    condicionem,

    to proffer, id. ib. 4, 11, 3; cf. Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30:

    Coriolanus ab sede sua cum ferret matri obviae complexum,

    offered, Liv. 2, 40, 5:

    si qua fidem tanto est operi latura vetustas,

    will bring, procure, Verg. A. 10, 792:

    ea vox audita laborum Prima tulit finem,

    id. ib. 7, 118: suspicionem falsam, to entertain suspicion, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5 (Trag. v. 348 ed. Vahl.).—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) To move, to bring, lead, conduct, drive, raise:

    quem tulit ad scenam ventoso gloria curru,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 177; so,

    animi quaedam ingenita natura... recta nos ad ea, quae conveniunt causae, ferant,

    Quint. 5, 10, 123; cf. absol.:

    nisi illud, quod eo, quo intendas, ferat deducatque, cognoris,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 135:

    exstincti ad caelum gloria fertur,

    Lucr. 6, 8; cf.:

    laudibus aliquem in caelum ferre,

    to extol, praise, Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 43; Quint. 10, 1, 99; Suet. Otho, 12; id. Vesp. 6:

    eam pugnam miris laudibus,

    Liv. 7, 10, 14; cf.:

    saepe rem dicendo subiciet oculis: saepe supra feret quam fieri possit,

    wilt exalt, magnify, Cic. Or. 40, 139:

    ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

    Liv. 4, 5, 6:

    ferre in majus vero incertas res fama solet,

    id. 21, 32, 7:

    crudelitate et scelere ferri,

    to be impelled, carried away, Cic. Clu. 70, 199:

    praeceps amentia ferebare,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121; cf.:

    ferri avaritia,

    id. Quint. 11, 38:

    orator suo jam impetu fertur,

    Quint. 12 praef. §

    3: eloquentia, quae cursu magno sonituque ferretur,

    Cic. Or. 28, 97; cf.:

    (eloquentia) feratur non semitis sed campis,

    Quint. 5, 14, 31:

    oratio, quae ferri debet ac fluere,

    id. 9, 4, 112; cf.:

    quae (historia) currere debet ac ferri,

    id. 9, 4, 18; so often: animus fert (aliquem aliquo), the mind moves one to any thing:

    quo cujusque animus fert, eo discedunt,

    Sall. J. 54, 4; cf.:

    milites procurrentes consistentesque, quo loco ipsorum tulisset animus,

    Liv. 25, 21, 5; and:

    qua quemque animus fert, effugite superbiam regiam,

    id. 40, 4, 14:

    si maxime animus ferat,

    Sall. C. 58, 6; cf. Ov. M. 1, 775.—With an object-clause, the mind moves one to do any thing, Ov. M. 1, 1; Luc. 1, 67; Suet. Otho, 6; cf.

    also: mens tulit nos ferro exscindere Thebas,

    Stat. Th. 4, 753.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. B. 2.) To carry off, take away:

    omnia fert aetas, animum quoque,

    Verg. E. 9, 51:

    postquam te fata tulerunt,

    id. ib. 5, 34:

    invida Domitium fata tulere sibi,

    Anthol. Lat. 4, 123, 8;

    like efferre,

    to carry forth to burial, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 89.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. B. 3.) To bear, bring forth, produce:

    haec aetas prima Athenis oratorem prope perfectum tulit,

    Cic. Brut. 12, 45:

    aetas parentum, pejor avis, tulit Nos nequiores,

    Hor. C. 3, 6, 46:

    Curium tulit et Camillum Saeva paupertas,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 42.—
    4.
    (Acc. to I. B. 6.) To bear away, to get, obtain, receive:

    Cotta et Sulpicius omnium judicio facile primas tulerunt,

    Cic. Brut. 49, 183:

    palmam,

    to carry off, win, id. Att. 4, 15, 6:

    victoriam ex inermi,

    to gain, Liv. 39, 51, 10; 2, 50, 2; 8, 8, 18:

    gratiam et gloriam annonae levatae,

    id. 4, 12, 8:

    maximam laudem inter suos,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 4:

    centuriam, tribus,

    i. e. to get their votes, Cic. Planc. 20, 49; 22, 53; id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

    suffragia,

    Suet. Caes. 13 (diff. from 8. a.):

    responsum ab aliquo,

    to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.:

    repulsam a populo,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 54:

    repulsam,

    id. de Or. 2, 69 fin.; id. Phil. 11, 8, 19; id. Att. 5, 19 al.: calumniam, i. e. to be convicted of a false accusation, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1:

    ita ut filius partem dimidiam hereditatis ferat,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 8:

    singulas portiones,

    id. ib. 3, 16; 61.—
    5.
    To bear, support any thing unpleasant; or pregn., to suffer, tolerate, endure.
    a.
    To bear in any manner.
    (α).
    With acc.: servi injurias nimias aegre ferunt, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

    (onus senectutis) modice ac sapienter sicut omnia ferre,

    Cic. de Sen. 1, 2:

    aegre ferre repulsam consulatus,

    id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40:

    hoc moderatiore animo ferre,

    id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

    aliquid toleranter,

    id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

    clementer,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

    quod eo magis ferre animo aequo videmur, quia, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 126:

    ut tu fortunam, sic nos te, Celse, feremus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 17.—
    (β).
    With an object-clause:

    ut si quis aegre ferat, se pauperem esse,

    take it ill, Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59:

    hoc ereptum esse, graviter et acerbe ferre,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:

    quomodo ferant veterani, exercitum Brutum habere,

    id. Phil. 10, 7, 15.—
    (γ).
    With de:

    de Lentulo scilicet sic fero, ut debeo,

    Cic. Att. 4, 6, 1:

    quomodo Caesar ferret de auctoritate perscripta,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

    numquid moleste fers de illo, qui? etc.,

    id. ib. 6, 8, 3.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,

    Cic. Att. 1, 2, 1:

    si mihi imposuisset aliquid, animo iniquo tulissem,

    id. ib. 15, 26, 4.—
    b. (α).
    With acc.: quis hanc contumeliam, quis hoc imperium, quis hanc servitutem ferre potest? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

    qui potentissimorum hominum contumaciam numquam tulerim, ferrem hujus asseclae?

    Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:

    cujus desiderium civitas ferre diutius non potest,

    id. Phil. 10, 10, 21:

    cogitandi non ferebat laborem,

    id. Brut. 77, 268:

    unum impetum nostrorum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 3:

    vultum atque aciem oculorum,

    id. ib. 1, 39, 1:

    cohortatio gravior quam aures Sulpicii ferre didicissent,

    to hear unmoved, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9:

    vultum,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 121:

    multa tulit fecitque puer, sudavit et alsit,

    id. A. P. 413:

    spectatoris fastidia,

    id. Ep. 2, 1, 215:

    fuisse (Epaminondam) patientem suorumque injurias ferentem civium,

    Nep. Epam. 7.—Of personal objects:

    quem ferret, si parentem non ferret suum?

    brook, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 28:

    optimates quis ferat, qui, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

    vereor, ut jam nos ferat quisquam,

    Quint. 8, 3, 25:

    an laturi sint Romani talem regem,

    id. 7, 1, 24:

    quis enim ferat puerum aut adolescentulum, si, etc.,

    id. 8, 5, 8.—
    (β).
    With an object-clause:

    ferunt aures hominum, illa... laudari,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 84, 344:

    non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes,

    Hor. Epod. 15, 13; Ov. M. 2, 628:

    illa quidem in hoc opere praecipi quis ferat?

    Quint. 11, 3, 27; 11, 1, 69:

    servo nubere nympha tuli,

    Ov. H. 5, 12; cf.:

    alios vinci potuisse ferendum est,

    id. M. 12, 555. —
    (γ).
    With quod:

    quod rapta, feremus, dummodo reddat eam,

    Ov. M. 5, 520:

    illud non ferendum, quod, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 3, 131. —
    6.
    With the access, notion of publicity, to make public, to disclose, show, exhibit:

    eum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

    Cic. Planc. 14, 34; cf.:

    laetitiam apertissime tulimus omnes,

    id. Att. 14, 13, 2:

    neque id obscure ferebat nec dissimulare ullo modo poterat,

    id. Clu. 19, 54:

    haud clam tulit iram adversus praetorem,

    Liv. 31, 47, 4; cf.:

    tacite ejus verecundiam non tulit senatus, quin, etc.,

    id. 5, 28, 1.—
    b.
    Prae se ferre, to show, manifest, to let be seen, to declare:

    cujus rei tantae facultatem consecutum esse me, non profiteor: secutum me esse, prae me fero,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 12:

    noli, quaeso, prae te ferre, vos plane expertes esse doctrinae,

    id. ib. 2, 18, 47:

    non mediocres terrores... prae se fert et ostentat,

    id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

    hanc virtutem prae se ferunt,

    Quint. 2, 13, 11:

    liberalium disciplinarum prae se scientiam tulit,

    id. 12, 11, 21:

    magnum animum (verba),

    id. 11, 1, 37.—Of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

    (comae) turbatae prae se ferre aliquid affectus videntur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 148:

    oratio prae se fert felicissimam facilitatem,

    id. 10, 1, 11.—
    7.
    Of speech, to report, relate, make known, assert, celebrate:

    haec omnibus ferebat sermonibus,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 17, 2:

    alii alia sermonibus ferebant Romanos facturos,

    Liv. 33, 32, 3:

    ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

    id. 4, 5, 6:

    patres ita fama ferebant, quod, etc.,

    id. 23, 31, 13; cf. with acc.:

    hascine propter res maledicas famas ferunt,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 149:

    famam,

    id. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

    fama eadem tulit,

    Tac. A. 1, 5; cf. id. ib. 15, 60:

    nec aliud per illos dies populus credulitate, prudentes diversa fama, tulere,

    talk about, id. ib. 16, 2:

    inimici famam non ita, ut nata est, ferunt,

    Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

    quod fers, cedo,

    tell, say, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 17:

    nostra (laus) semper feretur et praedicabitur, etc.,

    Cic. Arch. 9, 21.—With an object-clause:

    cum ipse... acturum se id per populum aperte ferret,

    Liv. 28, 40, 2; id. ib. §

    1: saepe homines morbos magis esse timendos ferunt quam Tartara leti,

    Lucr. 3, 42:

    Prognen ita velle ferebat,

    Ov. M. 6, 470; 14, 527:

    ipsi territos se ferebant,

    Tac. H. 4, 78; id. A. 4, 58; 6, 26 (32); cf.:

    mihi fama tulit fessum te caede procubuisse, etc.,

    Verg. A. 6, 503:

    commentarii ad senatum missi ferebant, Macronem praesedisse, etc.,

    Tac. A. 6, 47 (53).—
    b.
    Ferunt, fertur, feruntur, etc., they relate, tell, say; it is said, it appears, etc.—With inf.:

    quin etiam Xenocratem ferunt, cum quaereretur ex eo, etc... respondisse, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 2:

    fuisse quendam ferunt Demaratum, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 19:

    quem ex Hyperboreis Delphos ferunt advenisse,

    id. N. D. 3, 23, 57; Hor. C. 3, 17, 2:

    homo omnium in dicendo, ut ferebant, accrrimus et copiosissimus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 45:

    Ceres fertur fruges... mortalibus instituisse,

    Lucr. 5, 14:

    in Syria quoque fertur item locus esse, etc.,

    id. 6, 755:

    is Amulium regem interemisse fertur,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 3:

    qui in contione dixisse fertur,

    id. ib. 2, 10 fin.:

    quam (urbem) Juno fertur terris omnibus unam coluisse,

    Verg. A. 1, 15:

    non sat idoneus Pugnae ferebaris,

    you were accounted, held, Hor. C. 2, 19, 27:

    si ornate locutus est, sicut fertur et mihi videtur,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 49; cf.: cum quaestor ex Macedonia venissem Athenas florente [p. 739] Academia, ut temporibus illis ferebatur, id. ib. § 45.—
    c.
    To give out, to pass off a person or thing by any name or for any thing; and, in the pass., to pass for any thing, to pass current:

    hunc (Mercurium) omnium inventorem artium ferunt,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 17, 1:

    ut Servium conditorem posteri fama ferrent,

    Liv. 1, 42, 4:

    qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

    set himself up for, boast, Vell. 1, 11, 1:

    avum M. Antonium, avunculum Augustum ferens,

    boasting of, Tac. A. 2, 43; cf.:

    qui ingenuum se et Lachetem mutato nomine coeperat ferre,

    Suet. Vesp. 23:

    ante Periclem, cujus scripta quaedam feruntur,

    Cic. Brut. 7, 27 (quoted paraphrastically, Quint. 3, 1, 12): sub nomine meo libri ferebantur artis rhetoricae, Quint. prooem. 7; cf.:

    cetera, quae sub nomine meo feruntur,

    id. 7, 2, 24; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Aug. 31; id. Caes. 20:

    multa ejus (Catonis) vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur,

    Cic. Lael. 2, 6:

    qua ex re in pueritia nobilis inter aequales ferebatur,

    Nep. Att. 1, 3.—
    8.
    Polit. and jurid. t. t.
    a.
    Suffragium or sententiam, to give in one's vote, to vote, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 1; cf.:

    ferunt suffragia,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 31; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7:

    de quo foedere populus Romanus sententiam non tulit,

    id. Balb. 15, 34; cf.:

    de quo vos (judices) sententiam per tabellam feretis,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 104;

    so of the voting of judges,

    id. Clu. 26, 72;

    of senators: parcite, ut sit qui in senatu de bello et pace sententiam ferat,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76; cf. id. Fam. 11, 21, 2.—
    b.
    Legem (privilegium, rogationem) ad populum, or absol., to bring forward or move a proposition, to propose a law, etc.:

    perniciose Philippus in tribunatu, cum legem agrariam ferret, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73; cf. id. Sull. 23, 65:

    quae lex paucis his annis lata esset,

    id. Corn. 1, 3 (vol. xi. p. 10 B. and K.):

    familiarissimus tuus de te privilegium tulit, ut, etc.,

    id. Par. 4, 32:

    Sullam illam rogationem de se nolle ferri (shortly before: Lex ferri coepta),

    id. Sull. 23, 65:

    rogationem de aliquo, contra or in aliquem, ad populum, ad plebem,

    id. Balb. 14, 33; id. Clu. 51, 140; id. Brut. 23, 89; Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 4; Liv. 33, 25, 7:

    nescis, te ipsum ad populum tulisse, ut, etc.,

    proposed a bill, Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 100:

    ut P. Scaevola tribunus plebis ferret ad plebem, vellentne, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 16, 54; cf. Liv. 33, 25, 6:

    quod Sulla ipse ita tulit de civitate, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

    nihil de judicio ferebat,

    id. Sull. 22, 63:

    cum, ut absentis ratio haberetur, ferebamus,

    id. Att. 7, 6, 2.— Impers.:

    lato ut solet ad populum, ut equum escendere liceret,

    Liv. 23, 14, 2. —
    c.
    Judicem, said of the plaintiff, to offer or propose to the defendant as judge:

    quem ego si ferrem judicem, refugere non deberet,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; id. de Or. 2, 70, 285.—Hence, judicem alicui, in gen., to propose a judge to, i. e. to bring a suit against, to sue a person:

    se iterum ac saepius judicem illi ferre,

    Liv. 3, 57, 5; 3, 24, 5; 8, 33, 8.—
    9.
    Mercant. t. t., to enter, to set or note down a sum in a book:

    quod minus Dolabella Verri acceptum rettulit, quam Verres illi expensum tulerit, etc.,

    i. e. has set down as paid, has paid, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 100 sq., v. expendo.—
    10.
    Absol., of abstr. subjects, to require, demand, render necessary; to allow, permit, suffer:

    ita sui periculi rationes ferre ac postulare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 105; cf.:

    gravioribus verbis uti, quam natura fert,

    id. Quint. 18, 57: quid ferat Fors, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. 203 ed. Vahl.):

    quamdiu voluntas Apronii tulit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

    ut aetas illa fert,

    as is usual at that time of life, id. Clu. 60, 168:

    ad me, ut tempora nostra, non ut amor tuus fert, vere perscribe,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5:

    quod ita existimabam tempora rei publicae ferre,

    id. Pis. 2, 5:

    si ita commodum vestrum fert,

    id. Agr. 2, 28, 77:

    prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

    si vestra voluntas feret,

    if such be your pleasure, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:

    ut opinio et spes et conjectura nostra fert,

    according to our opinion, hope, and belief, id. Att. 2, 25, 2:

    ut mea fert opinio,

    according to my opinion, id. Clu. 16, 46: si occasio tulerit, if occasion require, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

    dum tempus ad eam rem tulit, sivi, animum ut expleret suum,

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 17: in hac ratione quid res, quid causa, quid tempus ferat, tu perspicies, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 6:

    natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,

    id. Rep. 6, 18.— Impers.:

    sociam se cujuscumque fortunae, et, si ita ferret, comitem exitii promittebat (sc. res or fortuna),

    Tac. A. 3, 15; so,

    si ita ferret,

    id. H. 2, 44.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fero

  • 10 intendo

    in-tendo, di, tum and sum, 3, v. a. ( part. intenditus, Fronto, Fer. Als. 3, 11 Mai.), to stretch out or forth, extend.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In hunc intende digitum, hic lenost, point in scorn, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 45:

    dextram ad statuam,

    Cic. Att. 16, 15:

    alicui manus,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 25:

    bracchia,

    Ov. M. 10, 58:

    manus,

    id. ib. 8, 107:

    jubet intendi bracchia velis,

    Verg. A. 5, 829:

    intenta bracchia remis, id. ib, 5, 136: ventis vela,

    id. ib. 3, 683:

    nervos aut remittere,

    Plin. 26, 10, 62, § 96:

    cutem,

    id. 8, 35, 53, § 125:

    jamque manus Colchis crinemque intenderat astris,

    Val. Fl. 8, 68.—
    B.
    To bend a bow, etc.:

    ballistam in aliquem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 58:

    arcum,

    Verg. A. 8, 704:

    intentus est arcus in me unum,

    Cic. Sest. 7, 15.—
    C.
    To aim or direct at a thing:

    tela in patriam,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 9:

    tela intenta jugulis civitatis,

    id. Pis. 2:

    sagittam,

    Verg. A. 9, 590:

    telum in jugulum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—
    D.
    To stretch or spread out; to stretch, lay or put upon a thing:

    tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,

    pitched, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; 2, 5, 31, § 80:

    sella intenta loris,

    Quint. 6, 3, 25:

    stuppea vincula collo Intendunt,

    Verg. A. 2, 237:

    duro intendere bracchia tergo,

    i. e. to bind with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 403:

    locum sertis,

    encircled, surrounded, id. ib. 4, 506:

    vela secundi Intendunt Zephyri,

    swell, fill, id. ib. 5, 33:

    intendentibus tenebris,

    spreading, Liv. 1, 57, 8.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To strain or stretch towards, to extend:

    aciem acrem in omnes partes intendit,

    turns keen looks on every side, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 38:

    aciem longius,

    id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

    quo intendisset oculos,

    whithersoever he turns his eyes, Tac. A. 4, 70:

    aures ad verba,

    Ov. P. 4, 4, 36: cum putaret licere senatui, et mitigare leges et intendere, to stretch, i. e. increase the rigor of, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 17:

    numeros intendere nervis,

    Verg. A. 9, 776 (per nervos intentos, Forbig.); cf.:

    strepitum fidis intendisse Latinae,

    Pers. 6, 4.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    To direct towards any thing, to turn or bend in any direction:

    digna est res ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:

    intendenda in senem est fallacia,

    id. Heaut. 3, 2, 2:

    ut eo quo intendit, cum exercitu mature perveniat,

    Cic. Mur. 9: iter, to direct one ' s course:

    ad explorandum quonam hostes iter intendissent,

    Liv. 31, 33, 6:

    a porta ad praetorem iter intendit,

    id. 36, 21:

    coeptum iter in Italiam,

    id. 21, 29, 6; 27, 46, 9.— Absol.:

    quo nunc primum intendam,

    whither shall I turn? Ter. And. 2, 2, 6.—
    2.
    Intendere animum, to direct one ' s thoughts or attention to any thing: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed, etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 329, 6:

    parum defigunt animos et intendunt in ea, quae, etc.,

    id. Ac. 2, 15, 46:

    quo animum intendat, facile perspicio,

    id. Verr. 1, 3;

    Liv. praef. 9: intentus animus tuus est ad fortissimum virum liberandum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 9:

    oculi mentesque ad pugnam intentae,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 26:

    in ea re omnium nostrorum intentis animis,

    id. ib. 3, 22:

    intendere animum in regnum Adherbalis,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ad bellum animum intendit,

    id. ib. 43, 2:

    animum studiis et rebus honestis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 36:

    considerationem in aliquam rem,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 33:

    omnes cogitationes ad aliquid,

    Liv. 40, 5:

    omnium eo curae sunt intentae,

    Liv. 9, 31; id. 25, 9:

    ad scribendum animum, oculos, manum,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7: ubi ingenium intenderis, valet, Sall. J. 51, 3:

    eruditionem tuam,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 14. —
    3.
    Hence, intendere alone, to urge on, incite:

    intenderant eum ad cavendi omnia curam tot auditae proditiones,

    Liv. 24, 37:

    aliquem ad custodiae curam,

    id. 21, 49:

    vis omnis intendenda rebus,

    Quint. 10, 7, 21.—
    4.
    To enlarge, spread, extend, magnify:

    intendetur socordia, si nullus ex se metus aut spes,

    Tac. A. 2, 38:

    amici accendendis offensionibus callidi, intendere vera. adgerere falsa,

    exaggerated, id. ib. 2, 57;

    4, 11: gloriam,

    id. ib. 4, 26;

    12, 35: tormentum,

    Cels. 4, 15 init.
    C.
    Absol., to turn one ' s attention to, exert one ' s self for, to purpose, endeavor, intend:

    pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27 Brix:

    quod est tibi ante explicandum, quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 42:

    quod ubi secus procedit, neque quod intenderat, efficere potest,

    Sall. J. 25, 10:

    quocumque intenderat,

    id. ib. 74, 2; cf. id. ib. 64, 1;

    102, 1: genera lectionum, quae praecipue convenire intendentibus, ut oratores fiant,

    Quint. 10, 1, 45:

    ad nuptias,

    Just. 13, 6.—
    (β).
    With inf.:

    quo ire intenderant,

    Sall. J. 107, 7:

    altum petere intendit,

    Liv. 36, 44.—
    D.
    Intendere se, to exert one ' s self, prepare for any thing:

    se ad firmitatem,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:

    se in rem,

    Quint. 4, 1, 39: qui se intenderunt adversarios in ejus tribunatum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2.—
    E.
    Intendere animo, to purpose in one ' s mind, to intend:

    si C. Antonius, quod animo intenderat, perficere potuisset,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9.—
    F.
    To maintain, assert:

    eam sese intendit esse,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 19.—Esp., as leg. t. t., to aver, maintain, assert as a plaintiff in court:

    quo modo nunc intendit,

    Cic. Quint. 29, 88: si quod intendit adversarius tuus, probationibus implere non possit, Vet. cujusd. Jurec. Consult. 6, 16 Huschke; Dig. 10, 4, 9, § 6. —
    G.
    To threaten with any thing, to seek to bring upon, to afflict with:

    alicui actionem perduellionis,

    Cic. Mil. 14:

    alicui litem,

    id. de Or. 1, 10:

    periculum in omnes,

    id. Rosc. Am. 3:

    crimen in aliquem,

    Liv. 9, 26:

    injuriarum formulam,

    Suet. Vit. 7:

    probra et minas alicui,

    Tac. A. 3, 36:

    metum intendere,

    id. ib. 1, 28.—
    H.
    Intendere in se, to contemplate one ' s self: quid sit Deus: totus in se intendat, an ad nos aliquando respiciat, Sen. Q. N. praef. 1.—
    I.
    Intendere alicui, to be intended for a person, Stat. S. 3 praef.—
    K. L.
    In gram., to make long, to use (a syllable) as long:

    primam syllabam intendit, tertiam corripuit,

    Gell. 13, 22. 18. — Hence, P. a. in two forms.
    1.
    inten-tus, a, um.
    A.
    On the stretch, strained, bent:

    arcus,

    Cic. Sen. 10, 37; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26.—
    B. (α).
    With dat.:

    quem pueri intenti ludo exercent,

    Verg. A. 7, 380:

    intentus recipiendo exercitui esse,

    Liv. 10, 42, 1.—
    (β).
    With abl.:

    aliquo negotio intentus,

    Sall. C. 2; id. ib. 4; 54.—
    C.
    Absol., eager, intent:

    at Romani domi militiaeque intenti festinare,

    Sall. C. 6, 5:

    senatus nihil sane intentus,

    id. ib. 16, 5:

    intenti exspectant signum,

    Verg. A. 5, 137:

    intenti ora tenebant,

    id. ib. 2, 1:

    totam causam quam maxime intentis, quod aiunt, oculis contemplari,

    Cic. Fl. 11:

    intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure,

    Tib. 4, 1, 132. — Comp.:

    intentiore custodia aliquem asservare,

    Liv. 39, 19.— Sup.:

    cum intentissima conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum confecisset,

    Liv. 29, 35:

    intentissima cura aliquid consequi,

    Quint. 10, 1, 111:

    haec omnia intentissima cura acta,

    Liv. 25, 22, 4. —
    D.
    Strict:

    intentum et magnis delictis inexorabilem scias,

    Tac. A. 12, 42:

    intentius delectum habere,

    Liv. 8, 17:

    intentiorem fore disciplinam,

    Tac. A. 12, 42.—
    E.
    Raised:

    intento alimentorum pretio,

    Tac. H. 1, 89. —
    F.
    Of speech and style, vigorous, nervous:

    sermo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

    pars orationis,

    id. ib. 2, 52, 211. — Adv.: in-tentē, with earnestness, attentively, intently:

    pronuntiare,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 19:

    audire,

    Quint. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. (cf. intense):

    cum delectus intentius haberetur,

    Liv. 8, 17:

    et quo intentius custodiae serventur,

    id. 25, 30, 5:

    apparare proelium,

    id. 8, 1:

    se excusare,

    Tac. A. 3, 35:

    premere obsessos,

    id. ib. 15, 13:

    adesse alicui rei,

    id. ib. 11, 11.— Sup.:

    exspectans intentissime,

    Lampr. Elag. 14. —
    2.
    intensus, a, um.
    A.
    Stretched, [p. 976] tightened, tight: per intensos funes ire, Sen. de Ira, 2, 13.—
    B.
    Violent:

    intensior impetus,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 35:

    virtus in mediocribus modice intensior,

    Nazar. Pan. ad Const. 23, 2.—
    C.
    Attentive; sup., Aug. Ep. 56 al.— Adv.: intensē, violently; comp.: intensius, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.; Schol. Juv. 11, 15; sup.:

    intensissime,

    Aug. Mor. Eccl. 19.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > intendo

  • 11 intense

    in-tendo, di, tum and sum, 3, v. a. ( part. intenditus, Fronto, Fer. Als. 3, 11 Mai.), to stretch out or forth, extend.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In hunc intende digitum, hic lenost, point in scorn, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 45:

    dextram ad statuam,

    Cic. Att. 16, 15:

    alicui manus,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 25:

    bracchia,

    Ov. M. 10, 58:

    manus,

    id. ib. 8, 107:

    jubet intendi bracchia velis,

    Verg. A. 5, 829:

    intenta bracchia remis, id. ib, 5, 136: ventis vela,

    id. ib. 3, 683:

    nervos aut remittere,

    Plin. 26, 10, 62, § 96:

    cutem,

    id. 8, 35, 53, § 125:

    jamque manus Colchis crinemque intenderat astris,

    Val. Fl. 8, 68.—
    B.
    To bend a bow, etc.:

    ballistam in aliquem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 58:

    arcum,

    Verg. A. 8, 704:

    intentus est arcus in me unum,

    Cic. Sest. 7, 15.—
    C.
    To aim or direct at a thing:

    tela in patriam,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 9:

    tela intenta jugulis civitatis,

    id. Pis. 2:

    sagittam,

    Verg. A. 9, 590:

    telum in jugulum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—
    D.
    To stretch or spread out; to stretch, lay or put upon a thing:

    tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,

    pitched, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; 2, 5, 31, § 80:

    sella intenta loris,

    Quint. 6, 3, 25:

    stuppea vincula collo Intendunt,

    Verg. A. 2, 237:

    duro intendere bracchia tergo,

    i. e. to bind with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 403:

    locum sertis,

    encircled, surrounded, id. ib. 4, 506:

    vela secundi Intendunt Zephyri,

    swell, fill, id. ib. 5, 33:

    intendentibus tenebris,

    spreading, Liv. 1, 57, 8.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To strain or stretch towards, to extend:

    aciem acrem in omnes partes intendit,

    turns keen looks on every side, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 38:

    aciem longius,

    id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

    quo intendisset oculos,

    whithersoever he turns his eyes, Tac. A. 4, 70:

    aures ad verba,

    Ov. P. 4, 4, 36: cum putaret licere senatui, et mitigare leges et intendere, to stretch, i. e. increase the rigor of, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 17:

    numeros intendere nervis,

    Verg. A. 9, 776 (per nervos intentos, Forbig.); cf.:

    strepitum fidis intendisse Latinae,

    Pers. 6, 4.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    To direct towards any thing, to turn or bend in any direction:

    digna est res ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:

    intendenda in senem est fallacia,

    id. Heaut. 3, 2, 2:

    ut eo quo intendit, cum exercitu mature perveniat,

    Cic. Mur. 9: iter, to direct one ' s course:

    ad explorandum quonam hostes iter intendissent,

    Liv. 31, 33, 6:

    a porta ad praetorem iter intendit,

    id. 36, 21:

    coeptum iter in Italiam,

    id. 21, 29, 6; 27, 46, 9.— Absol.:

    quo nunc primum intendam,

    whither shall I turn? Ter. And. 2, 2, 6.—
    2.
    Intendere animum, to direct one ' s thoughts or attention to any thing: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed, etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 329, 6:

    parum defigunt animos et intendunt in ea, quae, etc.,

    id. Ac. 2, 15, 46:

    quo animum intendat, facile perspicio,

    id. Verr. 1, 3;

    Liv. praef. 9: intentus animus tuus est ad fortissimum virum liberandum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 9:

    oculi mentesque ad pugnam intentae,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 26:

    in ea re omnium nostrorum intentis animis,

    id. ib. 3, 22:

    intendere animum in regnum Adherbalis,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ad bellum animum intendit,

    id. ib. 43, 2:

    animum studiis et rebus honestis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 36:

    considerationem in aliquam rem,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 33:

    omnes cogitationes ad aliquid,

    Liv. 40, 5:

    omnium eo curae sunt intentae,

    Liv. 9, 31; id. 25, 9:

    ad scribendum animum, oculos, manum,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7: ubi ingenium intenderis, valet, Sall. J. 51, 3:

    eruditionem tuam,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 14. —
    3.
    Hence, intendere alone, to urge on, incite:

    intenderant eum ad cavendi omnia curam tot auditae proditiones,

    Liv. 24, 37:

    aliquem ad custodiae curam,

    id. 21, 49:

    vis omnis intendenda rebus,

    Quint. 10, 7, 21.—
    4.
    To enlarge, spread, extend, magnify:

    intendetur socordia, si nullus ex se metus aut spes,

    Tac. A. 2, 38:

    amici accendendis offensionibus callidi, intendere vera. adgerere falsa,

    exaggerated, id. ib. 2, 57;

    4, 11: gloriam,

    id. ib. 4, 26;

    12, 35: tormentum,

    Cels. 4, 15 init.
    C.
    Absol., to turn one ' s attention to, exert one ' s self for, to purpose, endeavor, intend:

    pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27 Brix:

    quod est tibi ante explicandum, quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 42:

    quod ubi secus procedit, neque quod intenderat, efficere potest,

    Sall. J. 25, 10:

    quocumque intenderat,

    id. ib. 74, 2; cf. id. ib. 64, 1;

    102, 1: genera lectionum, quae praecipue convenire intendentibus, ut oratores fiant,

    Quint. 10, 1, 45:

    ad nuptias,

    Just. 13, 6.—
    (β).
    With inf.:

    quo ire intenderant,

    Sall. J. 107, 7:

    altum petere intendit,

    Liv. 36, 44.—
    D.
    Intendere se, to exert one ' s self, prepare for any thing:

    se ad firmitatem,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:

    se in rem,

    Quint. 4, 1, 39: qui se intenderunt adversarios in ejus tribunatum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2.—
    E.
    Intendere animo, to purpose in one ' s mind, to intend:

    si C. Antonius, quod animo intenderat, perficere potuisset,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9.—
    F.
    To maintain, assert:

    eam sese intendit esse,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 19.—Esp., as leg. t. t., to aver, maintain, assert as a plaintiff in court:

    quo modo nunc intendit,

    Cic. Quint. 29, 88: si quod intendit adversarius tuus, probationibus implere non possit, Vet. cujusd. Jurec. Consult. 6, 16 Huschke; Dig. 10, 4, 9, § 6. —
    G.
    To threaten with any thing, to seek to bring upon, to afflict with:

    alicui actionem perduellionis,

    Cic. Mil. 14:

    alicui litem,

    id. de Or. 1, 10:

    periculum in omnes,

    id. Rosc. Am. 3:

    crimen in aliquem,

    Liv. 9, 26:

    injuriarum formulam,

    Suet. Vit. 7:

    probra et minas alicui,

    Tac. A. 3, 36:

    metum intendere,

    id. ib. 1, 28.—
    H.
    Intendere in se, to contemplate one ' s self: quid sit Deus: totus in se intendat, an ad nos aliquando respiciat, Sen. Q. N. praef. 1.—
    I.
    Intendere alicui, to be intended for a person, Stat. S. 3 praef.—
    K. L.
    In gram., to make long, to use (a syllable) as long:

    primam syllabam intendit, tertiam corripuit,

    Gell. 13, 22. 18. — Hence, P. a. in two forms.
    1.
    inten-tus, a, um.
    A.
    On the stretch, strained, bent:

    arcus,

    Cic. Sen. 10, 37; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26.—
    B. (α).
    With dat.:

    quem pueri intenti ludo exercent,

    Verg. A. 7, 380:

    intentus recipiendo exercitui esse,

    Liv. 10, 42, 1.—
    (β).
    With abl.:

    aliquo negotio intentus,

    Sall. C. 2; id. ib. 4; 54.—
    C.
    Absol., eager, intent:

    at Romani domi militiaeque intenti festinare,

    Sall. C. 6, 5:

    senatus nihil sane intentus,

    id. ib. 16, 5:

    intenti exspectant signum,

    Verg. A. 5, 137:

    intenti ora tenebant,

    id. ib. 2, 1:

    totam causam quam maxime intentis, quod aiunt, oculis contemplari,

    Cic. Fl. 11:

    intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure,

    Tib. 4, 1, 132. — Comp.:

    intentiore custodia aliquem asservare,

    Liv. 39, 19.— Sup.:

    cum intentissima conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum confecisset,

    Liv. 29, 35:

    intentissima cura aliquid consequi,

    Quint. 10, 1, 111:

    haec omnia intentissima cura acta,

    Liv. 25, 22, 4. —
    D.
    Strict:

    intentum et magnis delictis inexorabilem scias,

    Tac. A. 12, 42:

    intentius delectum habere,

    Liv. 8, 17:

    intentiorem fore disciplinam,

    Tac. A. 12, 42.—
    E.
    Raised:

    intento alimentorum pretio,

    Tac. H. 1, 89. —
    F.
    Of speech and style, vigorous, nervous:

    sermo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

    pars orationis,

    id. ib. 2, 52, 211. — Adv.: in-tentē, with earnestness, attentively, intently:

    pronuntiare,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 19:

    audire,

    Quint. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. (cf. intense):

    cum delectus intentius haberetur,

    Liv. 8, 17:

    et quo intentius custodiae serventur,

    id. 25, 30, 5:

    apparare proelium,

    id. 8, 1:

    se excusare,

    Tac. A. 3, 35:

    premere obsessos,

    id. ib. 15, 13:

    adesse alicui rei,

    id. ib. 11, 11.— Sup.:

    exspectans intentissime,

    Lampr. Elag. 14. —
    2.
    intensus, a, um.
    A.
    Stretched, [p. 976] tightened, tight: per intensos funes ire, Sen. de Ira, 2, 13.—
    B.
    Violent:

    intensior impetus,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 35:

    virtus in mediocribus modice intensior,

    Nazar. Pan. ad Const. 23, 2.—
    C.
    Attentive; sup., Aug. Ep. 56 al.— Adv.: intensē, violently; comp.: intensius, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.; Schol. Juv. 11, 15; sup.:

    intensissime,

    Aug. Mor. Eccl. 19.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > intense

  • 12 intensus

    in-tendo, di, tum and sum, 3, v. a. ( part. intenditus, Fronto, Fer. Als. 3, 11 Mai.), to stretch out or forth, extend.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In hunc intende digitum, hic lenost, point in scorn, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 45:

    dextram ad statuam,

    Cic. Att. 16, 15:

    alicui manus,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 25:

    bracchia,

    Ov. M. 10, 58:

    manus,

    id. ib. 8, 107:

    jubet intendi bracchia velis,

    Verg. A. 5, 829:

    intenta bracchia remis, id. ib, 5, 136: ventis vela,

    id. ib. 3, 683:

    nervos aut remittere,

    Plin. 26, 10, 62, § 96:

    cutem,

    id. 8, 35, 53, § 125:

    jamque manus Colchis crinemque intenderat astris,

    Val. Fl. 8, 68.—
    B.
    To bend a bow, etc.:

    ballistam in aliquem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 58:

    arcum,

    Verg. A. 8, 704:

    intentus est arcus in me unum,

    Cic. Sest. 7, 15.—
    C.
    To aim or direct at a thing:

    tela in patriam,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 9:

    tela intenta jugulis civitatis,

    id. Pis. 2:

    sagittam,

    Verg. A. 9, 590:

    telum in jugulum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—
    D.
    To stretch or spread out; to stretch, lay or put upon a thing:

    tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,

    pitched, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; 2, 5, 31, § 80:

    sella intenta loris,

    Quint. 6, 3, 25:

    stuppea vincula collo Intendunt,

    Verg. A. 2, 237:

    duro intendere bracchia tergo,

    i. e. to bind with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 403:

    locum sertis,

    encircled, surrounded, id. ib. 4, 506:

    vela secundi Intendunt Zephyri,

    swell, fill, id. ib. 5, 33:

    intendentibus tenebris,

    spreading, Liv. 1, 57, 8.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To strain or stretch towards, to extend:

    aciem acrem in omnes partes intendit,

    turns keen looks on every side, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 38:

    aciem longius,

    id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

    quo intendisset oculos,

    whithersoever he turns his eyes, Tac. A. 4, 70:

    aures ad verba,

    Ov. P. 4, 4, 36: cum putaret licere senatui, et mitigare leges et intendere, to stretch, i. e. increase the rigor of, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 17:

    numeros intendere nervis,

    Verg. A. 9, 776 (per nervos intentos, Forbig.); cf.:

    strepitum fidis intendisse Latinae,

    Pers. 6, 4.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    To direct towards any thing, to turn or bend in any direction:

    digna est res ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:

    intendenda in senem est fallacia,

    id. Heaut. 3, 2, 2:

    ut eo quo intendit, cum exercitu mature perveniat,

    Cic. Mur. 9: iter, to direct one ' s course:

    ad explorandum quonam hostes iter intendissent,

    Liv. 31, 33, 6:

    a porta ad praetorem iter intendit,

    id. 36, 21:

    coeptum iter in Italiam,

    id. 21, 29, 6; 27, 46, 9.— Absol.:

    quo nunc primum intendam,

    whither shall I turn? Ter. And. 2, 2, 6.—
    2.
    Intendere animum, to direct one ' s thoughts or attention to any thing: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed, etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 329, 6:

    parum defigunt animos et intendunt in ea, quae, etc.,

    id. Ac. 2, 15, 46:

    quo animum intendat, facile perspicio,

    id. Verr. 1, 3;

    Liv. praef. 9: intentus animus tuus est ad fortissimum virum liberandum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 9:

    oculi mentesque ad pugnam intentae,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 26:

    in ea re omnium nostrorum intentis animis,

    id. ib. 3, 22:

    intendere animum in regnum Adherbalis,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ad bellum animum intendit,

    id. ib. 43, 2:

    animum studiis et rebus honestis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 36:

    considerationem in aliquam rem,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 33:

    omnes cogitationes ad aliquid,

    Liv. 40, 5:

    omnium eo curae sunt intentae,

    Liv. 9, 31; id. 25, 9:

    ad scribendum animum, oculos, manum,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7: ubi ingenium intenderis, valet, Sall. J. 51, 3:

    eruditionem tuam,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 14. —
    3.
    Hence, intendere alone, to urge on, incite:

    intenderant eum ad cavendi omnia curam tot auditae proditiones,

    Liv. 24, 37:

    aliquem ad custodiae curam,

    id. 21, 49:

    vis omnis intendenda rebus,

    Quint. 10, 7, 21.—
    4.
    To enlarge, spread, extend, magnify:

    intendetur socordia, si nullus ex se metus aut spes,

    Tac. A. 2, 38:

    amici accendendis offensionibus callidi, intendere vera. adgerere falsa,

    exaggerated, id. ib. 2, 57;

    4, 11: gloriam,

    id. ib. 4, 26;

    12, 35: tormentum,

    Cels. 4, 15 init.
    C.
    Absol., to turn one ' s attention to, exert one ' s self for, to purpose, endeavor, intend:

    pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27 Brix:

    quod est tibi ante explicandum, quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 42:

    quod ubi secus procedit, neque quod intenderat, efficere potest,

    Sall. J. 25, 10:

    quocumque intenderat,

    id. ib. 74, 2; cf. id. ib. 64, 1;

    102, 1: genera lectionum, quae praecipue convenire intendentibus, ut oratores fiant,

    Quint. 10, 1, 45:

    ad nuptias,

    Just. 13, 6.—
    (β).
    With inf.:

    quo ire intenderant,

    Sall. J. 107, 7:

    altum petere intendit,

    Liv. 36, 44.—
    D.
    Intendere se, to exert one ' s self, prepare for any thing:

    se ad firmitatem,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:

    se in rem,

    Quint. 4, 1, 39: qui se intenderunt adversarios in ejus tribunatum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2.—
    E.
    Intendere animo, to purpose in one ' s mind, to intend:

    si C. Antonius, quod animo intenderat, perficere potuisset,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9.—
    F.
    To maintain, assert:

    eam sese intendit esse,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 19.—Esp., as leg. t. t., to aver, maintain, assert as a plaintiff in court:

    quo modo nunc intendit,

    Cic. Quint. 29, 88: si quod intendit adversarius tuus, probationibus implere non possit, Vet. cujusd. Jurec. Consult. 6, 16 Huschke; Dig. 10, 4, 9, § 6. —
    G.
    To threaten with any thing, to seek to bring upon, to afflict with:

    alicui actionem perduellionis,

    Cic. Mil. 14:

    alicui litem,

    id. de Or. 1, 10:

    periculum in omnes,

    id. Rosc. Am. 3:

    crimen in aliquem,

    Liv. 9, 26:

    injuriarum formulam,

    Suet. Vit. 7:

    probra et minas alicui,

    Tac. A. 3, 36:

    metum intendere,

    id. ib. 1, 28.—
    H.
    Intendere in se, to contemplate one ' s self: quid sit Deus: totus in se intendat, an ad nos aliquando respiciat, Sen. Q. N. praef. 1.—
    I.
    Intendere alicui, to be intended for a person, Stat. S. 3 praef.—
    K. L.
    In gram., to make long, to use (a syllable) as long:

    primam syllabam intendit, tertiam corripuit,

    Gell. 13, 22. 18. — Hence, P. a. in two forms.
    1.
    inten-tus, a, um.
    A.
    On the stretch, strained, bent:

    arcus,

    Cic. Sen. 10, 37; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26.—
    B. (α).
    With dat.:

    quem pueri intenti ludo exercent,

    Verg. A. 7, 380:

    intentus recipiendo exercitui esse,

    Liv. 10, 42, 1.—
    (β).
    With abl.:

    aliquo negotio intentus,

    Sall. C. 2; id. ib. 4; 54.—
    C.
    Absol., eager, intent:

    at Romani domi militiaeque intenti festinare,

    Sall. C. 6, 5:

    senatus nihil sane intentus,

    id. ib. 16, 5:

    intenti exspectant signum,

    Verg. A. 5, 137:

    intenti ora tenebant,

    id. ib. 2, 1:

    totam causam quam maxime intentis, quod aiunt, oculis contemplari,

    Cic. Fl. 11:

    intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure,

    Tib. 4, 1, 132. — Comp.:

    intentiore custodia aliquem asservare,

    Liv. 39, 19.— Sup.:

    cum intentissima conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum confecisset,

    Liv. 29, 35:

    intentissima cura aliquid consequi,

    Quint. 10, 1, 111:

    haec omnia intentissima cura acta,

    Liv. 25, 22, 4. —
    D.
    Strict:

    intentum et magnis delictis inexorabilem scias,

    Tac. A. 12, 42:

    intentius delectum habere,

    Liv. 8, 17:

    intentiorem fore disciplinam,

    Tac. A. 12, 42.—
    E.
    Raised:

    intento alimentorum pretio,

    Tac. H. 1, 89. —
    F.
    Of speech and style, vigorous, nervous:

    sermo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

    pars orationis,

    id. ib. 2, 52, 211. — Adv.: in-tentē, with earnestness, attentively, intently:

    pronuntiare,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 19:

    audire,

    Quint. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. (cf. intense):

    cum delectus intentius haberetur,

    Liv. 8, 17:

    et quo intentius custodiae serventur,

    id. 25, 30, 5:

    apparare proelium,

    id. 8, 1:

    se excusare,

    Tac. A. 3, 35:

    premere obsessos,

    id. ib. 15, 13:

    adesse alicui rei,

    id. ib. 11, 11.— Sup.:

    exspectans intentissime,

    Lampr. Elag. 14. —
    2.
    intensus, a, um.
    A.
    Stretched, [p. 976] tightened, tight: per intensos funes ire, Sen. de Ira, 2, 13.—
    B.
    Violent:

    intensior impetus,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 35:

    virtus in mediocribus modice intensior,

    Nazar. Pan. ad Const. 23, 2.—
    C.
    Attentive; sup., Aug. Ep. 56 al.— Adv.: intensē, violently; comp.: intensius, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.; Schol. Juv. 11, 15; sup.:

    intensissime,

    Aug. Mor. Eccl. 19.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > intensus

  • 13 premo

    prĕmo, essi, essum, 3, v. a. [etym. dub.; cf. prelum], to press (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    pede pedem alicui premere,

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 30:

    et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,

    Verg. A. 7, 518:

    veluti qui sentibus anguem Pressit humi nitens,

    id. ib. 2, 379:

    novercae Monstra manu premens,

    id. ib. 8, 288:

    pressit et inductis membra paterna rotis,

    i. e. drove her chariot over her father's body, Ov. Ib. 366:

    trabes Hymettiae Premunt columnas,

    press, rest heavily upon them, Hor. C. 2, 18, 3:

    premere terga genu alicujus,

    Ov. Am. 3, 2, 24:

    ubera plena,

    i. e. to milk, id. F. 4, 769:

    vestigia alicujus,

    to tread in, to follow one's footsteps, Tac. A. 2, 14:

    nudis pressit qui calcibus anguem,

    Juv. 1, 43:

    dente frena,

    to bite, to champ, Ov. M. 10, 704:

    ore aliquid,

    to chew, eat, id. ib. 5, 538; cf.:

    aliquid morsu,

    Lucr. 3, 663:

    presso molari,

    with compressed teeth, Juv. 5, 160:

    pressum lac,

    i. e. cheese, Verg. E. 1, 82.—In mal. part.:

    Hister Peucen premerat Antro,

    forced, Val. Fl. 8, 256:

    uxorem,

    Suet. Calig. 25.—Of animals:

    feminas premunt galli,

    Mart. 3, 57, 17.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Poet., to bear down upon, to touch:

    premere litora,

    Ov. M. 14, 416:

    litus,

    to keep close to the shore, Hor. C. 2, 10, 3:

    aëra,

    i. e. to fly, Luc. 7, 835.—
    2.
    Poet., to hold fast, hold, firmly grasp:

    premere frena manu,

    Ov. M. 8, 37:

    ferrum,

    to grasp, Sil. 5, 670:

    capulum,

    id. 2, 615.—
    3.
    Poet., to press a place with one's body, i. e. to sit, stand, lie, fall, or seat one's self on any thing:

    toros,

    Ov. H. 12, 30:

    sedilia,

    id. M. 5, 317:

    hoc quod premis habeto,

    id. ib. 5, 135:

    et pictam positā pharetram cervice premebat,

    id. ib. 2, 421:

    humum,

    to lie on the ground, id. Am. 3, 5, 16; cf. id. F. 4, 844:

    frondes tuo premis ore caducas,

    id. M. 9, 650; Sen. Hippol. 510.—
    4.
    To cover, to conceal by covering (mostly poet.):

    aliquid terrā,

    to conceal, bury in the earth, Hor. Epod. 1, 33:

    nonumque prematur in annum,

    kept back, suppressed, id. A. P. 388:

    omne lucrum tenebris alta premebat humus,

    Ov. Am. 3, 8, 36:

    ossa male pressa,

    i. e. buried, id. Tr. 5, 3, 39; Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 191; hence, to crown, to cover or adorn with any thing:

    ut premerer sacrā lauro,

    Hor. C. 3, 4, 18:

    molli Fronde crinem,

    Verg. A. 4, 147:

    canitiem galeā,

    id. ib. 9, 612:

    mitrā capillos,

    Ov. F. 4, 517; cf. Verg. A. 5, 556.—
    5.
    To make, form, or shape any thing by pressing ( poet.):

    quod surgente die mulsere horisque diurnis, Nocte premunt,

    they make into cheese, Verg. G. 3, 400:

    os fingit premendo,

    id. A. 6, 80:

    caseos,

    id. E. 1, 35:

    mollem terram,

    Vulg. Sap. 15, 7; Calp. Ecl. 5, 34.—
    6.
    To press hard upon, bear down upon, to crowd, pursue closely:

    hostes de loco superiore,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

    Pompeiani nostros premere et instare coeperunt,

    id. B. C. 3, 46:

    hac fugerent Graii, premeret Trojana juventus,

    Verg. A. 1, 467:

    Pergamenae naves cum adversarios premerent acrius,

    Nep. Hann. 11, 5:

    hinc Rutulus premit, et murum circumsonat armis,

    Verg. A. 8, 473:

    obsidione urbem,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 32.—Of the pursuit or chase of animals:

    ad retia cervum,

    Verg. G. 3, 413:

    spumantis apri cursum clamore,

    id. A. 1, 324:

    bestias venatione,

    Isid. 10, 282.—
    7.
    To press down, burden, load, freight:

    nescia quem premeret,

    on whose back she sat, Ov. M. 2, 869:

    tergum equi,

    id. ib. 8, 34;

    14, 343: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa suis,

    Prop. 4, 1, 114 (5, 1, 116):

    pressae carinae,

    Verg. G. 1, 303:

    pressus membra mero,

    Prop. 2, 12 (3, 7), 42:

    magno et gravi onere armorum pressi,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 24:

    auro phaleras,

    to adorn, Stat. Th. 8, 567.—
    8.
    To press into, force in, press upon:

    (caprum) dentes in vite prementem,

    Ov. F. 1, 355:

    presso sub vomere,

    Verg. G. 2, 356; cf.:

    presso aratro,

    Tib. 4, 1, 161:

    alte ensem in corpore,

    Stat. Th. 11, 542:

    et nitidas presso pollice finge comas,

    Prop. 3, 8 (4, 9), 14:

    et cubito remanete presso,

    leaning upon, Hor. C. 1, 27, 8. —
    b.
    To make with any thing ( poet.):

    aeternā notā,

    Ov. F. 6, 610:

    littera articulo pressa tremente,

    id. H. 10, 140:

    multā via pressa rotā,

    id. ib. 18, 134.—
    9.
    To press down, let down, cause to sink down, to lower:

    nec preme, nec summum molire per aethera currum,

    Ov. M. 2, 135:

    humanaeque memor sortis, quae tollit eosdem, Et premit,

    id. Tr. 3, 11, 67:

    mundus ut ad Scythiam Rhiphaeasque arduus arces Consurgit, premitur Libyae devexus in Austros,

    sinks down, Verg. G. 1, 240; Sen. Herc. Fur. 155. —
    b.
    In partic.
    (α).
    To set, plant:

    virgulta per agros,

    Verg. G. 2, 346; 26.—
    (β).
    To make or form by pressing down, to make any thing deep, to dig:

    vestigio leviter presso,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 53; cf.

    (trop.): vestigia non pressa leviter, sed fixa,

    id. Sest. 5, 13:

    sulcum premere,

    to draw a furrow, Verg. A. 10, 296:

    fossam transversam, inter montes pressit (al. percussit),

    Front. Strat. 1, 5:

    fossa pressa,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 4:

    cavernae in altitudinem pressae,

    Curt. 5, 1, 28.—
    (γ).
    To strike to the ground, to strike down:

    tres famulos,

    Verg. A. 9, 329:

    paucos,

    Tac. H. 4, 2.—
    10.
    To press closely, compress, press together, close:

    oculos,

    Verg. A. 9, 487:

    alicui fauces,

    Ov. M. 12, 509:

    laqueo collum,

    to strangle, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37:

    angebar ceu guttura forcipe pressus,

    Ov. M. 9, 78:

    presso gutture,

    compressed, Verg. G. 1, 410; cf.:

    siquidem unius praecordia pressit ille (boletus) senis,

    i. e. stopped his breath, Juv. 6, 621:

    quibus illa premetur Per somnum digitis,

    choked, id. 14, 221:

    amplexu presso,

    united, in close embrace, Sen. Oedip. 192:

    oscula jungere pressa,

    to exchange kisses, Ov. H. 2, 94; so,

    pressa basia,

    Mart. 6, 34, 1:

    presso gradu incedere,

    in close ranks, foot to foot, Liv. 28, 14:

    pede presso,

    id. 8, 8.—
    b.
    In partic.
    (α).
    To shorten, tighten, draw in:

    pressis habenis,

    Verg. A. 11, 600 (cf.:

    laxas dure habenas,

    id. ib. 1, 63).—
    (β).
    To keep short, prune:

    Calenā falce vitem,

    Hor. C. 1, 31, 9:

    luxuriem falce,

    Ov. M. 14, 628:

    falce premes umbras (i. e. arbores umbrantes),

    Verg. G. 1, 157; 4, 131:

    molle salictum,

    Calp. Ecl. 5, 110.—
    (γ).
    To check, arrest, stop:

    premere sanguinem,

    Tac. A. 15, 64:

    vestigia pressit,

    Verg. A. 6, 197:

    attoniti pressere gradum,

    Val. Fl. 2, 424 ' dixit, pressoque obmutuit ore, was silent, Verg. A. 6, 155.—
    11.
    To press out, bring out by pressure:

    tenerā sucos pressere medullā,

    Luc. 4, 318; cf.: (equus) collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 95, 68, and id. G. 3, 85 Rib.—
    12.
    To frequent: feci ut cotidie praesentem me viderent, habitavi in [p. 1441] oculis, pressi forum, Cic. Planc. 27, 66.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To press, press upon, oppress, overwhelm, weigh down; to urge, drive, importune, pursue, to press close or hard, etc. (class.):

    ego istum pro suis factis pessumis pessum premam,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 49 Lorenz ad loc.:

    quae necessitas eum tanta premebat, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:

    ea, quae premant, et ea, quae impendeant,

    id. Fam. 9, 1, 2:

    aerumnae, quae me premunt,

    Sall. J. 14, 22:

    pressus gravitate soporis,

    bound by heavy, deep sleep, Ov. M. 15, 21:

    cum aut aere alieno, aut magnitudine tributorum, aut injuriā potentium premuntur,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

    invidia et odio populi premi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228:

    premi periculis,

    id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:

    cum a me premeretur,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139; cf.:

    aliquem verbo,

    id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13:

    criminibus veris premere aliquem,

    Ov. M. 14, 401:

    cum a plerisque ad exeundum premeretur, exire noluit,

    was pressed, urged, importuned, Nep. Ages. 6, 1:

    a Pompeii procuratoribus sescentis premi coeptus est,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3: numina nulla premunt;

    mortali urgemur ab hoste,

    Verg. A. 10, 375:

    premere reum voce, vultu,

    Tac. A. 3, 67:

    crimen,

    to pursue obstinately, Quint. 7, 2, 12:

    confessionem,

    to force a confession from one, id. 7, 1, 29:

    argumentum etiam atque etiam,

    to pursue steadily, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

    ancipiti mentem formidine pressus,

    Verg. A. 3, 47:

    maerore pressa,

    Sen. Oct. 103:

    veritate pressus negare non potuit,

    overcome, overpowered, Lact. 4, 13.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To repress, hide, conceal (mostly poet.):

    dum nocte premuntur,

    Verg. A. 6, 827:

    curam sub corde,

    id. ib. 4, 332:

    odium,

    Plin. Pan. 62:

    iram,

    Tac. A. 6, 50:

    pavorem et consternationem mentis vultu,

    id. ib. 13, 16:

    interius omne secretum,

    Sen. Ep. 3, 4:

    dolorem silentio,

    Val. Max. 3, 3, 1 ext.; cf. silentia, Sil. 12, 646:

    aliquid ore,

    Verg. A. 7, 103:

    jam te premet nox,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 16.—
    2.
    To lower, diminish, undervalue, disparage, depreciate:

    premendorum superiorum arte sese extollebat,

    Liv. 22, 12:

    arma Latini,

    Verg. A. 11, 402:

    opuscula ( = deprimere atque elevare),

    Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 36:

    famam alicujus,

    Tac. A. 15, 49:

    premere ac despicere,

    Quint. 11, 1, 16:

    premere tumentia, humilia extollere,

    id. ib. 10, 4, 1.—
    b.
    To surpass, exceed:

    facta premant annos,

    Ov. M. 7, 449:

    ne prisca vetustas Laude pudicitiae saecula nostra premat,

    id. P. 3, 1, 116:

    quantum Latonia Nymphas Virgo premit,

    Stat. S. 1, 2, 115.—
    c.
    To rule ( poet.):

    dicione premere populos,

    Verg. A. 7, 737:

    imperio,

    id. ib. 1, 54:

    Mycenas Servitio premet,

    id. ib. 1, 285.—
    3.
    To suppress, pull down, humble, degrade:

    quae (vocabula) nunc situs premit,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 118:

    nec premendo alium me extulisse velim,

    Liv. 22, 59, 10; cf. id. 39, 41, 1:

    premebat reum crimen,

    id. 3, 13, 1.—
    4.
    To compress, abridge, condense:

    haec enim, quae dilatantur a nobis, Zeno sic premebat,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20.—
    5.
    To check, arrest, repress, restrain:

    cursum ingenii tui, Brute, premit haec importuna clades civitatis,

    Cic. Brut. 97, 332:

    sub imo Corde gemitum,

    Verg. A. 10, 464:

    vocem,

    to be silent, id. ib. 9, 324:

    sermones vulgi,

    to restrain, Tac. A. 3, 6.—
    6.
    To store up, lay up in the mind, muse upon:

    (vocem) ab ore Eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit,

    Verg. A. 7, 119.—Hence, pressus, a, um, P. a.
    I.
    Moderate, slow, suppressed, kept down.
    A.
    Lit.:

    presso pede eos retro cedentes principes recipiebant,

    Liv. 8, 8, 9:

    presso gradu,

    id. 28, 14, 14; cf.:

    pressoque legit vestigia gressu,

    Ov. M. 3, 17.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of the voice or manner, subdued:

    haec cum pressis et flebilibus modis, qui totis theatris maestitiam inferant,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106.—
    2.
    Of color, lowered, depressed; hence, dark, gloomy:

    color pressus,

    Pall. 4, 13, 4:

    color viridi pressior,

    Plin. 35, 6, 13, § 32:

    spadices pressi,

    Serv. Verg. G. 3, 82.—
    II.
    Esp., of an orator or of speech.
    A.
    Compressed, concise, plain, without ornament (class.):

    fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, pressis exiles, fortibus temerarii, etc.,

    Quint. 10, 2, 16:

    cum Attici pressi et integri, contra Asiani inflati et inanes haberentur,

    id. 12, 10, 18.—Of style:

    pressa et tenuia, et quae minimum ab usu cotidiano recedant,

    Quint. 10, 1, 102:

    pressus et demissus stilus,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 5; Quint. 4, 2, 117.— Comp.: in concionibus pressior, et circumscriptior, et adductior, more moderate, keeping more within bounds, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.—
    B.
    Close, exact, accurate:

    Thucydides ita verbis aptus et pressus, ut,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56: quis te fuit umquam in partiundis rebus pressior? more exact, more accurate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 364, 24:

    sicuti taxare pressius crebriusque est, quam tangere,

    Gell. 2, 6, 5:

    quod (periculum) observandum pressiore cautelā censeo,

    stricter, greater, App. M. 5, p. 160, 36:

    cogitationes pressiores,

    id. ib. 5, p. 163, 32.—So of sounds, precise, intelligible:

    (lingua) vocem profusam fingit atque sonos vocis distinctos et pressos facit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.—Hence, adv.: pressē, with pressure, violently (class.): artius pressiusque conflictata, Atei. Capito ap. Gell. 10, 6, 2.—
    B.
    Closely, tightly.
    1.
    Lit.:

    vites pressius putare,

    Pall. 12, 9:

    pressius colla radere,

    Veg. Vet. 1, 56.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Of pronunciation, shortly, neatly, trimly:

    loqui non aspere, non vaste, non rustice, sed presse, et aequabiliter, et leniter,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; id. Off. 1, 37, 133.—
    b.
    Of the mode of expression, etc., concisely, not diffusely:

    definire presse et anguste,

    Cic. Or. 33, 117:

    abundanter dicere, an presse,

    Quint. 8, 3, 40:

    pressius et astrictius scripsi,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.—
    (β).
    Without ornament, simply:

    unum (genus oratorum) attenuate presseque, alterum sublate ampleque dicentium,

    Cic. Brut. 55, 202:

    aliquid describere modo pressius, modo elatius,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 3.—
    (γ).
    Closely, exactly, correctly, accurately:

    mihi placet agi subtilius, et pressius,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24:

    definiunt pressius,

    id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14:

    anquisitius, et exactius pressiusque disserere,

    Gell. 1, 3, 21.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > premo

  • 14 refero

    rĕ-fĕro, rettŭli (also written retuli), rĕlātum (rēlātum or rellatum, Lucr. 2, 1001), rĕferre, v. a. irr., to bear, carry, bring, draw, or give back (very freq. and class.; cf.: reduco, reporto, retraho).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Ingen.: zonas, quas plenas argenti extuli, eas ex provinciā inanes rettuli, C. Gracchus ap. Gell. 15, 12 fin.:

    arma,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 25:

    vasa domum,

    id. Poen. 4, 2, 25; cf.:

    pallam domum,

    id. Men. 5, 7, 59; 4, 2, 97; 98; cf.:

    anulum ad me,

    id. Cas. 2, 1, 1;

    and simply pallam, spinther,

    id. Men. 3, 3, 16; 5, 1, 5; 5, 2, 56:

    secum aurum,

    id. Aul. 4, 5, 4:

    exta,

    id. Poen. 2, 44:

    uvidum rete sine squamoso pecu,

    id. Rud. 4, 3, 5:

    aestus aliquem in portum refert,

    id. As. 1, 3, 6:

    Auster me ad tribulos tuos Rhegium rettulit,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 3: ut naves eodem, unde erant profectae, reterrentur, Caes. B. G. 4, 28:

    me referunt pedes in Tusculanum,

    Cic. Att. 15, 16, B; cf.:

    aliquem lecticae impositum domum,

    Suet. Caes. 82; and:

    in Palatium,

    id. Vit. 16: intro referre pedem, to turn one ' s feet back, to return, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 50; cf.:

    incertus tuum cave ad me rettuleris pedem,

    id. Ep. 3, 4, 3:

    caelo rettulit illa pedem,

    Ov. H. 16, 88; 15, 186:

    fertque refertque pedes,

    id. F. 6, 334 (for a different use of the phrase, v. infra B. 2.):

    in decimum vestigia rettulit annum (victoria),

    Verg. A. 11, 290:

    in convivia gressum,

    Sil. 11, 355:

    in thalamos cursum,

    id. 8, 89:

    ad nomen caput ille refert,

    turns his head, looks back, Ov. M. 3, 245:

    suumque Rettulit os in se,

    drew back, concealed, id. ib. 2, 303:

    ad Tuneta rursum castra refert,

    Liv. 30, 16:

    corpus in monumentum,

    Petr. 113:

    relatis Lacedaemona (ossibus),

    Just. 3, 3, 12:

    gemmam non ad os, sed ad genas,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 5: digitos ad os referre, to draw back (v. digitus), Quint. 11, 3, 103:

    digitos ad frontem saepe,

    Ov. M. 15, 567:

    manum ad capulum,

    Tac. A. 15, 58 fin.:

    rursus enses vaginae,

    Sil. 7, 508:

    pecunias monumentaque, in templum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 21:

    caput ejus in castra,

    id. B. G. 5, 58:

    vulneratos in locum tutum,

    id. B. C. 2, 41:

    cornua (urorum) in publicum,

    id. B. G. 6, 28:

    frumentum omne ad se referri jubet,

    id. ib. 7, 71:

    signa militaria, scutum, litteras ad Caesarem,

    id. ib. 7, 88; id. B. C. 3, 53; 3, 99; id. B. G. 1, 29; 5, 49:

    Caesaris capite relato,

    id. B. C. 3, 19 fin.
    b.
    Esp.: referre se, to go back, return:

    Romam se rettulit,

    Cic. Fl. 21, 50:

    sese in castra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.:

    se huc,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 2:

    domum me Ad porri catinum,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 115:

    sese ab Argis (Juno),

    Verg. A. 7, 286:

    se ab aestu,

    Ov. M. 14, 52; cf.:

    se de Britannis ovans,

    Tac. A. 13, 32:

    causam Cleanthes offert, cur se sol referat,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 37.—
    c.
    Pass. in mid. sense, to return, arrive:

    sin reiciemur, tamen eodem paulo tardius referamur necesse est,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 119:

    classem relatam,

    Verg. A. 1, 390:

    nunc Itali in tergum versis referuntur habenis,

    Sil. 4, 317; 7, 623.—
    d.
    To withdraw, remove:

    fines benignitatis introrsus referre,

    to narrow, Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 5:

    Seleucia ab mari relata,

    remote, Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 93. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To give back something due; to give up, return, restore, pay back, repay (= reddere):

    scyphos, quos utendos dedi Philodamo, rettuleritne?

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 34; cf. id. Aul. 4, 10, 29; 37; 38;

    and, pateram (surreptam),

    Cic. Div. 1, 25, 54:

    argentum,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 29; so (with reddere) id. Curc. 5, 3, 45:

    mercedem (with reddere),

    id. As. 2, 4, 35; cf.:

    octonis idibus aera,

    to pay the money for tuition. Hor. S. 1, 6, 75 (v. idus):

    si non Rettuleris pannum,

    id. Ep. 1, 17, 32; 1, 6, 60:

    verum, si plus dederis, referam,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 112.—
    2.
    Referre pedem or gradum, as a milit. t. t., to draw back, retire, withdraw, retreat (different from the gen. signif., to return, and the above passages):

    vulneribus defessi pedem referre coeperunt,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 25; cf.:

    ut paulatim cedant ac pedem referant,

    id. B. C. 2, 40; Liv. 7, 33; so,

    referre pedem,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 44 (with loco excedere); Cic. Phil. 12, 3 (opp. insistere); Liv. 3, 60 (opp. restituitur pugna);

    21, 8 al.— For the sake of euphony: referre gradum: cum pedes referret gradum,

    Liv. 1, 14. —

    And, in a like sense, once mid.: a primā acie ad triarios sensim referebatur,

    Liv. 8, 8, 11.—
    b.
    Transf., out of the milit. sphere:

    feroque viso retulit retro pedem (viator),

    Phaedr. 2, 1, 8; cf.:

    viso rettulit angue pedem,

    Ov. F. 2, 342; 6, 334:

    rettulit ille gradus horrueruntque comae,

    id. ib. 2, 502:

    (in judiciis) instare proficientibus et ab iis, quae non adjuvant, quam mollissime pedem oportet referre,

    Quint. 6, 4, 19.
    II.
    Trop., to bear or carry back, to bring, draw, or give back.
    A.
    In gen.: (Saxum) ejulatu... Resonando mutum flebiles voces refert, Att. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94 (Trag. Rel. p. 176 Rib.); cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42:

    sonum,

    id. N. D. 2, 57, 144; id. Or. 12, 38; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 201 al.:

    voces,

    Ov. M. 12, 47; cf.:

    Coëamus rettulit Echo,

    id. ib. 3, 387: cum ex CXXV. judicibus reus L. referret, restored to the list, i. e. retained, accepted (opp. quinque et LXX. reiceret), Cic. Planc. 17:

    o mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos!

    Verg. A. 8, 560; cf.: tibi tempora, Hor. C. 4, 13, 13:

    festas luces (sae culum),

    id. ib. 4, 6, 42:

    dies siccos (sol),

    id. ib. 3, 29, 20 et saep.:

    hoc quidem jam periit: Ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3:

    ad amicam meras querimonias referre,

    id. Truc. 1, 2, 65:

    hic in suam domum ignominiam et calamitatem rettulit,

    Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138; cf.:

    pro re certā spem falsam domum rettulerunt,

    id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:

    rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223:

    servati civis decus referre,

    Tac. A. 3, 21:

    e cursu populari referre aspectum in curiam,

    to turn back, turn towards, Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:

    oculos animumque ad aliquem,

    id. Quint. 14, 47:

    animum ad studia,

    id. de Or. 1, 1, 1:

    animum ad veritatem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48:

    animum ad firmitudinem,

    Tac. A. 3, 6 et saep.:

    multa dies variique labor mutabilis aevi Rettulit in melius,

    brought to a better state, Verg. A. 11, 426:

    uterque se a scientiae delectatione ad efficiendi utilitatem refert,

    Cic. Rep. 5, 3, 5; so,

    se ad philosophiam referre,

    to go back, return, id. Off. 2, 1, 4:

    ut eo, unde digressa est, referat se oratio,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 77.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) To pay back, give back, repay (syn. reddo):

    denique Par pari referto,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55; cf.:

    quod ab ipso adlatum est, id sibi esse relatum putet,

    id. Phorm. prol. 21:

    ut puto, non poteris ipsa referre vicem,

    pay him back in his own coin, Ov. A. A. 1, 370; Sen. Herc. Fur. 1337. — Esp. in the phrase referre gratiam (rarely gratias), to return thanks, show one ' s gratitude (by deeds), to recompense, requite (cf.:

    gratiam habeo): spero ego mihi quoque Tempus tale eventurum, ut tibi gratium referam parem,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 39:

    parem gratiam,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 51:

    et habetur et refertur, Thais, a me ita, uti merita es, gratia,

    id. ib. 4, 6, 12; cf.:

    meritam gratiam debitamque,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 14:

    justam ac debitam gratiam,

    id. Balb. 26, 59:

    pro eo mihi ac mereor relaturos esse gratiam,

    id. Cat. 4, 2, 3; 1, 11, 28; id. Off. 2, 20, 69:

    fecisti ut tibi numquam referre gratiam possim,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 12; id. Most. 1, 3, 57; id. Pers. 5, 2, 71; id. Ps. 1, 3, 86; id. Rud. 5, 3, 36 al.; Cic. Lael. 15, 53; Caes. B. G. 1, 35:

    alicui pro ejus meritis gratiam referre,

    id. ib. 5, 27 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 39; 3, 1, fin.:

    gratiam emeritis,

    Ov. P. 1, 7, 61:

    gratiam factis,

    id. Tr. 5, 4, 47.— Plur.:

    pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores ei habeantur gratiaeque referantur,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 39; 10, 11, 1:

    dis advenientem gratias pro meritis agere,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 27; v. gratia.—
    2.
    To bring back any thing; to repeat, renew, restore, = repetere, retractare, renovare, etc.:

    (Hecyram) Iterum referre,

    to produce it again, Ter. Hec. prol. 7; id. ib. prol. alt. 21 and 30; cf. Hor. A. P. 179.— So, to bring up for reconsideration:

    rem judicatam,

    Cic. Dom. 29, 78:

    ludunt... Dictaeos referunt Curetas,

    Lucr. 2, 633:

    Actia pugna per pueros refertur,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 62: institutum referri ac renovari, Civ. Div. in Caecil. 21, 68; cf.:

    consuetudo longo intervallo repetita ac relata,

    id. ib. 21, 67:

    te illud idem, quod tum explosum et ejectum est, nunc rettulisse demiror,

    Cic. Clu. 31, 86:

    cum ad idem, unde semel profecta sunt, cuncta astra redierint eandemque totius caeli descriptionem longis intervallis retulerint,

    id. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    mysteria ad quae biduo serius veneram,

    id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:

    quasdam caerimonias ex magno intervallo,

    Liv. 3, 55:

    antiquum morem,

    Suet. Caes. 20:

    consuetudinem antiquam,

    id. Tib. 32 et saep.:

    cum aditus consul idem illud responsum rettulit,

    repeated, Liv. 37, 6 fin.:

    veterem Valeriae gentis in liberandā patriā laudem,

    to restore, Cic. Fl. 1, 1:

    hunc morem, hos casus atque haec certamina primus Ascanius Rettulit,

    Verg. A. 5, 598:

    O mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos,

    id. ib. 8, 560.—
    b.
    To represent, set forth anew, reproduce, etc.:

    referre Naturam, mores, victum motusque parentum,

    to reproduce, Lucr. 1, 597:

    majorum vultus vocesque comasque,

    id. 4, 1221:

    mores, os vultusque ejus (sc. patris),

    Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 9:

    parentis sui speciem,

    Liv. 10, 7; cf.:

    (Tellus) partim figuras Rettulit antiquas, partim nova monstra creavit,

    Ov. M. 1, 437:

    faciem demptā pelle novam,

    Tib. 1, 8, 46:

    temporis illius vultum,

    Ov. M. 13, 443: si quis mihi parvulus aulā Luderet Aeneas, qui te tamen ore [p. 1545] referret, might represent, resemble thee, Verg. A. 4, 329; cf.:

    nomine avum referens, animo manibusque parentem,

    id. ib. 12, 348:

    Marsigni sermone vultuque Suevos referunt,

    Tac. G. 43:

    neque amissos colores lana refert,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 28.—
    3.
    To convey a report, account, intelligence, by speech or by writing; to report, announce, relate, recite, repeat, recount; to mention, allege (class.;

    in late Lat. saepissime): certorum hominum sermones referebantur ad me,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10 Orell. N. cr.:

    tales miserrima fletus Fertque refertque soror (sc. ad Aeneam),

    Verg. A. 4, 438:

    pugnam referunt,

    Ov. M. 12, 160:

    factum dictumve,

    Liv. 6, 40:

    si quis hoc referat exemplum,

    Quint. 5, 11, 8:

    in epistulis Cicero haec Bruti refert verba,

    id. 6, 3, 20:

    quale refert Cicero de homine praelongo, caput eum, etc.,

    id. 6, 3, 67 et saep.:

    quaecunque refers,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 60; 2, 1, 130:

    sermones deorum,

    id. C. 3, 3, 71:

    multum referens de Maecenate,

    Juv. 1, 66. —With obj.-clause, Suet. Caes. 30; Ov. M. 1, 700; 4, 796:

    Celso gaudere et bene rem gerere refer,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 2 al.; cf. poet. by Greek attraction:

    quia rettulit Ajax Esse Jovis pronepos,

    Ov. M. 13, 141; and:

    referre aliquid in annales,

    Liv. 4, 34 fin., and 43, 13, 2:

    ut Proetum mulier perfida credulum Falsis impulerit criminibus, refert,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 16.— Absol.:

    quantum, inquam, debetis? Respondent CVI. Refero ad Scaptium,

    I report, announce it to Scaptius, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12:

    in quo primum saepe aliter est dictum, aliter ad nos relatum,

    reported, stated, id. Brut. 57, 288:

    (Hortensius) nullo referente, omnia adversariorum dicta meminisset,

    id. ib. 88, 301:

    abi, quaere, et refer,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 53. —
    b.
    Poet. (mostly in Ovid), to repeat to one ' s self, call to mind:

    tacitāque recentia mente Visa refert,

    Ov. M. 15, 27:

    si forte refers,

    id. Am. 2, 8, 17:

    haec refer,

    id. R. Am. 308:

    saepe refer tecum sceleratae facta puellae,

    id. ib. 299:

    mente memor refero,

    id. M. 15, 451:

    foeda Lycaoniae referens convivia mensae,

    id. ib. 1, 165; cf.:

    illam meminitque refertque,

    id. ib. 11, 563.—
    c.
    Pregn., to say in return, to rejoin, answer, reply (syn. respondeo):

    id me non ad meam defensionem attulisse, sed illorum defensioni rettulisse,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 85:

    ego tibi refero,

    I reply to you, id. ib. 29, 85, §

    84: ut si esset dictum, etc., et referret aliquis Ergo, etc.,

    id. Fat. 13, 30:

    quid a nobis autem refertur,

    id. Quint. 13, 44: retices;

    nec mutua nostris Dicta refers,

    Ov. M. 1, 656; 14, 696:

    Musa refert,

    id. ib. 5, 337; id. F. 5, 278:

    Anna refert,

    Verg. A. 4, 31:

    talia voce,

    id. ib. 1, 94:

    pectore voces,

    id. ib. 5, 409:

    tandem pauca refert,

    id. ib. 4, 333 et saep. —
    d.
    Publicists' t. t.
    (α).
    To bring, convey, deliver any thing as an official report, to report, announce, notify, = renuntiare:

    legati haec se ad suos relaturos dixerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 9; cf.:

    cujus orationem legati domum referunt,

    id. B. C. 1, 35: responsa (legati), Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 380, 31:

    legationem Romam,

    Liv. 7, 32:

    mandata ad aliquem,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

    responsa,

    id. B. G. 1, 35; cf.:

    mandata alicui,

    id. ib. 1, 37:

    numerum capitum ad aliquem,

    id. ib. 2, 33 fin.:

    rumores excipere et ad aliquem referre,

    Cic. Deiot. 9, 25; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 47:

    Ubii paucis diebus intermissis referunt, Suevos omnes, etc.,

    id. ib. 6, 10; Liv. 3, 38, 12.—
    (β).
    Ad senatum de aliquā re referre (less freq with acc., a rel.-clause, or absol.), to make a motion or proposition in the Senate; to consult, refer to, or lay before the Senate; to move, bring forward, propose: VTI L. PAVLVS C. MARCELLVS COSS... DE CONSVLARIBVS PROVINCIIS AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID PRIVS... AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID CONIVNCTVM DE EA RE REFERRETVR A CONSVLIBVS, S. C. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 sq.: de legibus abrogandis ad senatum referre. Cic. Cornel. 1, Fragm. 8 (p. 448 Orell.); cf.:

    de quo legando consules spero ad senatum relaturos,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:

    de ejus honore ad senatum referre,

    id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:

    de eā re postulant uti referatur. Itaque consulente Cicerone frequens senatus decernit, etc.,

    Sall. C. 48, 5, 6:

    rem ad senatum refert,

    id. ib. 29, 1; cf.:

    tunc relata ex integro res ad senatum,

    Liv. 21, 5:

    rem ad senatum,

    id. 2, 22:

    consul convocato senatu refert, quid de his fieri placeat, qui, etc.,

    Sall. C. 50, 3: ut ex litteris ad senatum referretur, impetrari (a consulibus) non potuit. Referunt consules de re publicā, Caes. B. C. 1, 1; cf.:

    refer, inquis, ad senatum. Non referam,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20.—

    Of other bodies than the Senate (cf.: defero, fero): C. Cassium censorem de signo Concordiae dedicando ad pontificum collegium rettulisse,

    Cic. Dom. 53, 136: eam rem ad consilium cum rettulisset Fabius. Liv. 24, 45, 2; 30, 4, 9:

    est quod referam ad consilium,

    id. 30, 31, 9; 44, 2, 5; Curt. 4, 11, 10.— Per syllepsin: DE EA RE AD SENATVM POPVLVMQVE REFERRI, since referre ad populum was not used in this sense (for ferre ad populum); v. fero, and the foll. g:

    de hoc (sc. Eumene) Antigonus ad consilium rettulit,

    Nep. Eum. 12, 1.— Transf., to make a reference, to refer (class.): de rebus et obscuris et incertis ad Apollinem censeo referendum;

    ad quem etiam Athenienses publice de majoribus rebus semper rettulerunt,

    Cic. Div. 1, 54, 122; cf. Nep. Lys. 3; Cic. Quint. 16, 53.— Different from this is, *
    (γ).
    Referre ad populum (for denuo ferre), to propose or refer any thing anew to the people (cf. supra, II. B. 2.;

    v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 1006): factum est illorum aequitate et sapientiā consulum, ut id, quod senatus decreverat, id postea referendum ad populum non arbitrarentur,

    Cic. Clu. 49, 137; cf. Att. ap. Non. p. 512, 29; Liv. 22, 20; Val. Max. 8, 10, 1.—
    e.
    A mercantile and publicists' t. t., to note down, enter any thing in writing; to inscribe, register, record, etc.:

    cum scirem, ita indicium in tabulas publicas relatum,

    Cic. Sull. 15, 42:

    in tabulas quodcumque commodum est,

    id. Fl. 9, 20:

    nomen in tabulas, in codicem,

    id. Rosc. Com. 1, 4:

    quod reliquum in commentarium,

    id. Att. 7, 3, 7:

    quid in libellum,

    id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:

    tuas epistulas in volumina,

    i. e. to admit, id. Fam. 16, 17 init.; cf.:

    orationem in Origines,

    id. Brut. 23, 89 al.:

    in reos, in proscriptos referri,

    to be set down among, id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27:

    absentem in reos,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 109; cf.:

    aliquem inter proscriptos,

    Suet. Aug. 70:

    anulos quoque depositos a nobilitate, in annales relatum est,

    Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 18:

    senatūs consulta falsa (sc. in aerarium),

    enter, register, Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1; id. Phil. 5, 4, 12. —Entirely absol.:

    ut nec triumviri accipiundo nec scribae referundo sufficerent,

    Liv. 26, 36 fin. —Here, too, belongs referre rationes or aliquid (in rationibus, ad aerarium, ad aliquem, alicui), to give, present, or render an account:

    rationes totidem verbis referre ad aerarium,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2;

    and rationes referre alone: in rationibus referendis... rationum referendarum jus, etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 20, 1; id. Pis. 25, 61; id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77; 2, 3, 71, § 167:

    referre rationes publicas ad Caesarem cum fide,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 20 fin.:

    si hanc ex fenore pecuniam populo non rettuleris, reddas societati,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167:

    (pecuniam) in aerarium,

    Liv. 37, 57, 12; cf.: pecuniam operi publico, to charge to, i. e. to set down as applied to, Cic. Fl. 19, 44.— So, too, acceptum and in acceptum referre, to place to one ' s credit, in a lit. and trop. sense (v. accipio).— Hence, transf.: aliquem (aliquid) in numero (as above, in rationibus), in numerum, etc., to count or reckon a person or thing among:

    Democritus, qui imagines eorumque circuitus in deorum numero refert,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:

    (Caesar, Claudius) in deorum numerum relatus est,

    Suet. Caes. 88; id. Claud. 45:

    Ponticus Heraclides terram et caelum refert in deos,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 13, 34:

    nostri oratorii libri in Eundem librorum numerum referendi videntur,

    id. Div. 2, 1, 4: hoc nomen in codicem relatum, id. Rosc. Com. B. and K. (al. in codice).—With inter (postAug. and freq.):

    ut inter deos referretur (August.),

    Suet. Aug. 97:

    diem inter festos, nefastos,

    Tac. A. 13, 41 fin.:

    hi tamen inter Germanos referuntur,

    id. G. 46; Suet. Claud. 11; id. Tib. 53:

    dumque refert inter meritorum maxima, demptos Aesonis esse situs,

    Ov. M. 7, 302:

    intellectum est, quod inter divos quoque referretur,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 14:

    inter sidera referre,

    Hyg. Fab. 192:

    inter praecipua crudelitatis indicia referendus,

    Val. Max. 9, 2, ext. 5:

    inter insulas,

    Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 48:

    dicebat quasdam esse quaestiones, quae deberent inter res judicatas referri,

    Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 12:

    eodem Q. Caepionem referrem,

    I should place in the same category, Cic. Brut. 62, 223.—
    4.
    Referre aliquid ad aliquid, to trace back, ascribe, refer a thing to any thing:

    qui pecudum ritu ad voluptatem omnia referunt,

    Cic. Lael. 9, 32:

    omnia ad igneam vim,

    id. N. D. 3, 14, 35:

    omnia ad incolumitatem et ad libertatem suam,

    id. Rep. 1, 32, 49; 1, 26, 41:

    in historiā quaeque ad veritatem, in poëmate pleraque ad delectationem,

    id. Leg. 1, 1, 5; id. Off. 1, 16, 52 et saep. al.:

    hunc ipsum finem definiebas id esse, quo omnia, quae recte fierent, referrentur, neque id ipsum usquam referretur,

    id. Fin. 2, 2, 5; cf.

    nusquam,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 29:

    ad commonendum oratorem, quo quidque referat,

    id. de Or. 1, 32, 145:

    hinc omne principium, huc refer exitum,

    Hor. C. 3, 6, 6.— With dat.:

    cujus adversa pravitati ipsius, prospera ad fortunam referebat,

    Tac. A. 14, 38 fin. — In Tac. once with in:

    quidquid ubique magnificum est, in claritatem ejus (sc. Herculis) referre consensimus,

    Tac. G. 34.—Rarely of persons;

    as: tuum est Caesar, quid nunc mihi animi sit, ad te ipsum referre,

    Cic. Deiot. 2, 7.— Absol.: ita inserere oportet referentem ad fructum, meliore genere ut sit surculus, etc., one who looks to or cares for the fruit, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 6.—
    5.
    Culpam in aliquem referre, to throw the blame upon, accuse, hold responsible for, etc. (post-Aug.):

    hic, quod in adversis rebis solet fieri, alius in alium culpam referebant,

    Curt. 4, 3, 7; Aug. contr. Man. 2, 17, 25 Hier. Epp. 1, 9 fin.: cf.:

    augere ejus, in quem referet crimen, culpam,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 83:

    causa ad matrem referebatur,

    Tac. A. 6, 49:

    causam abscessus ad Sejani artes,

    id. ib. 4, 57.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > refero

  • 15 expedio

    ex-pĕdĭo, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4 (archaic fut. expedibo, Enn., Pac., Att., and Pompon. ap. Non. 505, 15 sq.; 477, 2; Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 36), v. a. [pes], orig., to free the feet, i. e. from a snare; hence, in gen., to extricate, disengage, let loose, set free, liberate any thing entangled, involved (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.; syn.: extrico, enodo, enucleo, explico, expono, interpretor, etc.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    videte, in quot se laqueos induerit, quorum ex nullo se umquam expediet,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102; cf. id. ib. 43, §

    106: mortis laqueis caput,

    Hor. C. 3, 24, 8; cf.

    also: vix illigatum te triformi Pegasus expediet Chimaera,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 24:

    flammam inter et hostes Expedior,

    make my way through, Verg. A. 2, 633:

    errantem nemori,

    Ov. F. 4, 669 et saep.—With inanim. and abstr. objects:

    aditus expediunt,

    open a passage, Caes. B. G. 7, 86 fin.:

    sibi locum,

    id. B. C. 2, 9, 6:

    iter fugae per invias rupes,

    Liv. 38, 2, 14:

    agrum saxosum lectione lapidum,

    Col. 2, 2, 12: capillus pectine quotidie expediendus est, disentangled, Fronto de Eloqu. init.
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    In gen., to fetch out, bring forward, procure, make ready, prepare any thing folded up, put away, etc.: funes expediunt, Sisenn. ap. Non. 297, 1:

    vela,

    Ov. H. 17, 200:

    hominem nudari et virgas expediri jubet,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 62, § 161:

    cererem canistris,

    Verg. A. 1, 702:

    convivia mediis tectis (famulae),

    Val. Fl. 2, 341; cf.:

    cibaria pastoribus,

    to provide, Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 6:

    merces suas (institor),

    Ov. A. A. 1, 422: pecuniam, to procure, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 298, 22; Suet. Caes. 4:

    arma,

    to hold in readiness, Caes. B. G. 7, 18 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 79; Verg. A. 4, 592:

    tela equosque,

    Liv. 38, 25, 14:

    ferrum,

    id. 24, 26, 10:

    naves,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 4 fin.:

    vineas in occulto,

    id. B. G 7, 27, 2:

    copias,

    Tac. A. 13, 7:

    se celeriter (Galli equites),

    Caes. B. C. 1, 51, 4:

    se,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 52; Liv. 38, 21, 2; cf.

    mid.: exercitum expediri ad bellum jubet,

    Tac. H. 2, 99. —
    2.
    to send away, despatch ( poet.):

    me ex suis locis pulcre ornatum expedivit,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 3: saepe disco, Saepe trans finem jaculo nobilis expedito, despatched, i. e. hurled, Hor. C. 1, 8, 12.—
    3.
    Absol., for expedire se, to arm one's self for battle (only in Tac.), Tac. H. 1, 10:

    multos secum expedire jubet,

    id. ib. 1, 88; 2, 99.
    II.
    Trop., to bring out, extricate, release, free from any evil, obstacle, etc.:

    impeditum animum,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 17; cf.:

    sapientis est, cum stultitiā suā impeditus sit, quoquo modo possit, se expedire,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 24:

    haererem, nisi tu me expedisses,

    id. Pis. 30, 74:

    ex servitute filium,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 94; cf.:

    se ex turba,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 5:

    se ab omni occupatione,

    Cic. Att. 3, 20, 2:

    aliquem omni molestiā,

    id. ib. 2, 25, 2; so,

    se aerumnis,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8:

    se crimine,

    id. ib. 5, 1, 28:

    se cura,

    id. Phorm. 5, 4, 4:

    civitatem malis obsidionalibus,

    Amm. 16, 4, 3: amor Lycisci me tenet, Unde expedire non queant amicorum consilia, Hor. Epod. 11, 25: curae sagaces Expediunt (Claudiae manus) per acuta belli, bring or help through, id. C. 4, 4, 76; cf.:

    per quot discrimina rerum Expedior?

    escape, Val. Fl. 1, 217:

    me multa impediverunt quae ne nunc quidem expedita sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 19:

    si vita nostra in aliquas insidias incidisset, omnis honesta ratio esset expediendae salutis,

    of obtaining safety, id. Mil. 4, 10.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To put in order, arrange, set right:

    cum Antonio loquare velim, et rem, ut poteris, expedias,

    Cic. Att. 11, 18, 2:

    expedire et conficere res,

    id. Brut. 42, 154:

    rem frumentariam,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 36, 1; id. B. C. 1, 54 fin.:

    negotia (with explicare),

    Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 2; cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 1:

    nomina mea, per deos, expedi, exsolve,

    settle, pay, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

    nomen,

    id. ib. 13, 29, 3:

    Faberianum,

    id. ib. 12, 29, 2; cf. in a pun respecting a scholar unable to pay his debts: omnes solvere posse quaestiones, Unum difficile expedire nomen, Bibacul. ap. Suet. Gram. 11:

    quemadmodum expediam exitum hujus institutae orationis, non reperio,

    settle, arrange, Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2; cf.:

    expediri quae restant vix poterunt. si hoc relinqueris,

    id. Rep. 1, 35, 55:

    consilia sua,

    Tac. H. 3, 73:

    docte hanc fallaciam,

    put into operation, Plaut. Capt. prol. 40.—
    2.
    Of speech, to disclose, unfold, explain, relate, narrate (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose;

    not in Cic., Cæs., or Quint.): qui tu misera's? mi expedi,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 50 (639 Ritschl): id ego aequum ac jus fecisse expedibo atque eloquar, will show, Enn. ap. Non. 505, 19;

    Pac., Att.,

    Pompon. ib. 15 sq.:

    agedum, hoc mihi expedi,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 27:

    altius omnem Expediam prima repetens ab origine famam,

    Verg. G. 4, 286:

    pauca tibi e multis... expediam dictis,

    id. A. 3, 379:

    priusquam hujuscemodi rei initium expedio,

    Sall. J. 5, 2:

    nunc originem, mores, et quo facinore dominationem raptum ierit, expediam,

    Tac. A. 4, 1:

    me non tantum praevisa, sed subita expedire docuisti,

    id. ib. 14, 55:

    ea de caede quam verissime expediam,

    id. H. 4, 48:

    promptius expediam quot, etc.,

    i. e. it will take me a shorter time to recount, Juv. 10, 220.—
    3.
    Reflex. of events, to develop, run their course, proceed:

    amoris arteis eloquar quem ad modum se expediant,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 10; cf.:

    ut res vostrorum omnium bene expedire voltis,

    to make favorable progress, id. Am. prol. 5 (Lorenz ad Plaut. Trin. 2, 36; but Ussing reads me expedire, benefit me).—
    4.
    Absol., res expedit, or impers., expedit (alicui—lit., it helps out, furthers, promotes; hence), it is serviceable, profitable, advantageous, useful, expedient (class.):

    nequiter paene expedivit prima parasitatio,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 23:

    non igitur faciat, dixerit quis, quod utile sit, quod expediat? Immo intelligat, nihil nec expedire nec utile esse, quod sit injustum,

    Cic. Off. 3, 19, 76; cf.:

    quid intersit sua, quid expediat,

    id. Agr. 2, 25, 66:

    ex utilitatis varietatibus, cum aliis aliud expediat, nasci discordias,

    id. Rep. 1, 32; cf.:

    ut non idem expediret, incidere saepe,

    id. Lael. 10, 33:

    quidquam Caesari ad diuturnitatem victoriae et dominationis,

    id. Att. 7, 22, 1:

    non idem ipsis expedire et multitudini,

    Nep. Milt. 3, 5 al. —With an inf. clause as subject:

    expedit bonas esse vobis,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 8; cf.:

    omnibus bonis expedit salvam esse rem publicam,

    Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 16:

    cui (reo) damnari expediret,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 3 fin.:

    cum eam (pecuniam) in praediis collocari maxime expediret,

    id. Caecin. 6, 16:

    ubi vinci necesse est, expedit cedere,

    Quint. 6, 4, 16; Hor. C. 2, 8, 9 et saep.—With subj. clause as subject after ut or ne (post-class.):

    expedire omnibus dicunt, ut singulae civitates suas leges habeant,

    Just. 34, 1, 7 Benecke ad loc.:

    expedit rei publicae, ne sua re quis male utatur,

    Just. Inst. 1, 8, 2:

    neque expedire ut ambitione aliena trahatur,

    Tac. A. 3, 69.— Absol.:

    tu si ita expedit, velim quamprimum conscendas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:

    sic magis expedit,

    Quint. 4, 2, 67:

    ut expediat causae,

    id. 7, 3, 18.—Hence, ex-pĕdītus, a, um, P. a., unimpeded, unincumbered, disengaged, free, easy, ready, at hand.
    A.
    Of persons:

    cum ceteris quae habebat vadimonia differt, ut expeditus in Galliam proficisci posset,

    Cic. Quint. 6, 23: incrmos armati, impeditos expediti interficiunt, i. e. without baggage, Sisenn. ap. Non. 58, 8; cf.:

    eo circiter hominum numero XVI. milia expedita cum omni equitatu Ariovistus misit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 49, 3:

    legiones expeditae,

    id. B. C. 1, 42, 1;

    so of soldiers without baggage,

    id. ib. 2, 19, 2; 6, 25, 1; 1, 27 fin. et saep.—As subst.: expĕdī-tus, i, m., a soldier lightly burdened, a swiftly marching soldier:

    latitudo (silvae) novem dierum iter expedito patet,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 25, 1:

    obviam fit ei Clodius expeditus in equo,

    Cic. Mil. 10, 28; cf.

    Sagana,

    tucked up, Hor. Epod. 5, 25:

    expedito nobis homine et parato opus est,

    ready, at hand, prompt, Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 26; cf.:

    expeditus ad caedem,

    id. Agr. 2, 30, 82:

    ad pronuntiandum,

    id. de Or. 2, 30, 131; cf.:

    facilis et expeditus ad dicendum,

    id. Brut. 48 fin.
    B.
    Of inanim. or abstr. things, convenient, at hand:

    iis expedito loco actuaria navigia relinquit,

    commodious, Caes. B. C. 1, 27; cf.:

    via expeditior ad honores,

    Cic. Fl. 41, 104:

    reditum in caelum patere optimo et justissimo cuique expeditissimum,

    id. Lael. 4, 13:

    pecunia expeditissima quae erat, tibi decreta est,

    the readiest, the nearest at hand, id. Fam. 11, 24, 2; cf.

    rationes,

    id. ib. 10, 25, 2:

    cena (with parca),

    Plin. Ep. 3, 12, 1:

    expeditissimum unguentorum,

    Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 8:

    probabili expedito, soluto, libero, nullā re implicato,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 105:

    expedita erat et perfacile currens oratio,

    id. Brut. 63, 227; cf.:

    expedita ac profluens dicendi celeritas,

    id. ib. 61, 220:

    inops ad ornandum, sed ad inveniendum expedita Hermagorae disciplina,

    id. ib. 76, 263:

    prope jam expeditam Caesaris victoriam interpellaverunt,

    achieved, Caes. B. C. 3, 70 fin.
    b.
    In the neutr. absol.: in expedito esse, habere, etc., to be or have in readiness or at hand:

    quaedam sunt quidem in animo, sed parum prompta: quae incipiunt in expedito esse, quum dicta sunt,

    Sen. Ep. 94 med.; cf.:

    promptum hoc et in expedito positum,

    Quint. 10, 7, 24:

    in expedito haberent integras copias ad opem ferendam,

    ready for action, Liv. 36, 16, 10.—Hence, adv.: ex-pĕdīte, without impediment, without difficulty, readily, promptly, quickly:

    in iis rebus celeriter expediteque percipiendis, quae, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 12 fin.:

    expedite explicans quod proposuerat,

    id. Brut. 67, 237:

    fabulatu's,

    Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 63:

    loqui,

    Suet. Aug. 89.— Comp.:

    non implicite et abscondite, sed patentius et expeditius,

    Cic. Inv 2, 23, 69:

    navigare,

    id. Att. 6, 8, 4:

    fit putatio,

    Col. Arb. 11, 1.— Sup.:

    ex quo te, quocumque opus erit, facillime et expeditissime conferas,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > expedio

  • 16 flecto

    flecto, xi, xum, 3, v. a. and n. [root in Gr. pholkos, bandy-legged; phalkês, the bent rib of a ship; L. falx; falco, so called from the curve of its claws or beak; cf. Germ. Falke; Engl. falcon].
    I.
    Act., to bend, bow, curve, turn, turn round (freq. and class.; syn.: plecto, plico, curvo).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.:

    animal omne membra quocumque vult, flectit, contorquet, porrigit, contrahit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120:

    ora retro,

    Ov. M. 3, 188:

    vultus ad illum,

    id. ib. 4, 265;

    10, 236: lumina a gurgite in nullam partem,

    id. ib. 8, 367:

    geminas acies huc,

    to turn, direct, Verg. A. 6, 789; cf.

    oculos,

    id. ib. 8, 698:

    equos brevi moderari ac flectere,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin.:

    equum,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 25:

    currum de foro in Capitolium,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30, § 77:

    plaustrum,

    Ov. M. 10, 447: navem, Auct. B. Alex. 64 fin.:

    habenas,

    Ov. M. 2, 169:

    cursus in orbem,

    id. ib. 6, 225; cf.:

    cursus in laevum,

    id. Tr. 1, 10, 17:

    iter ad Privernum,

    Liv. 8, 19, 13 Drak. N. cr.:

    iter Demetriadem,

    id. 35, 31, 3:

    tu (Bacche) flectis amnes, tu mare barbarum,

    Hor. C. 2, 19, 17:

    arcus,

    to bend, Ov. M. 4, 303; cf.:

    flexos incurvant viribus arcus,

    Verg. A. 5, 500:

    flexum genu,

    Ov. M. 4, 340:

    artus,

    Liv. 21, 58, 9:

    flexi crines,

    curled, Mart. 3, 63, 3; 10, 65, 6; Juv. 6, 493:

    flexum mare,

    i.e. a bay, Tac. A. 14, 4:

    flexi fractique motus,

    contorted, Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35:

    hinc (silva) se flectit sinistrorsus,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 25, 3.—Mid.: quasi amnis celeris rapit, sed tamen inflexu flectitur, Naev. ap. Non. 191, 34 (Trag. Rel. v. 42 Rib.):

    (milvus) flectitur in gyrum,

    wheels, Ov. M. 2, 718:

    modo flector in anguem,

    I bend, wind myself into a snake, id. ib. 8, 883:

    sol ab ea (Cancri) meta incipit flecti,

    Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 264: Euphrates ad meridiem flectitur, id. 6, 26, 30, § 125.—
    2.
    In partic., naut. t. t., to go round or double a promontory:

    cum in flectendis promontoriis ventorum mutationes maximas saepe sentiant,

    Cic. Div. 2, 45, 94:

    Leucaten flectere molestum videbatur,

    id. Att. 5, 9, 1.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to bend, turn, direct:

    ducere multimodis voces et flectere cantus,

    Lucr. 5, 1406:

    vocem,

    Ov. Am. 2, 4, 25:

    qui teneros et rudes cum acceperunt, inficiunt et flectunt, ut volunt,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47; cf.:

    imbecillitatem animorum torquere et flectere,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 29:

    suam naturam huc et illuc torquere ac flectere,

    id. Cael. 6, 13:

    vitam flectere fingereque,

    id. Sull. 28, 79:

    mentes suas ad nostrum imperium nomenque,

    id. Balb. 17, 39:

    aliquem a proposito,

    Liv. 28, 22, 11:

    scribentis animum a vero,

    id. 1 praef. 5:

    animus ab aliqua opinione flectendus,

    Quint. 4, 2, 80:

    animos ad publica carmina,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 23: quo vobis mentes... dementes sese flexere viaï? Enn. ap. Cic. de Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 209 ed. Vahl.):

    est viri et ducis oblata casu flectere ad consilium,

    Liv. 28, 44, 8:

    juvenis cereus in vitium flecti,

    Hor. A. P. 163:

    quod procul a nobis flectat Fortuna gubernans,

    turn aside, avert, Lucr. 5, 108.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To bend (in opinion or in will), to move, persuade, prevail upon, overcome, soften, appease (cf.:

    moveo, afficio): quibus rebus ita flectebar animo atque frangebar, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 6, 18:

    sed quid te oratione flectam?... qua re flecte te, quaeso,

    id. Phil. 1, 14, 35: facile Achivos flexeris, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4, 3 (Trag. v. 229 ed. Vahl.):

    judices,

    Quint. 6, 1, 9:

    flectere mollibus jam durum imperiis,

    Hor. C. 4, 1, 6:

    precibus si flecteris ullis,

    Verg. A. 2, 689:

    flectere si nequeo Superos, Acheronta movebo,

    id. ib. 7, 312; cf.:

    nisi dii immortales suo numine prope fata ipsa flexissent,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19:

    desine fata deum flecti sperare precando,

    Verg. A. 6, 376:

    animos commutare atque omni ratione flectere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 52 fin.:

    ingenium alicujus aversum,

    Sall. J. 102, 3:

    si quem a proposito spes mollitiave animi flexisset,

    divert, dissuade, Liv. 28, 22, 11: dictis nostris sententia flexa est, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 264 ed. Vahl.):

    si flectitur ira deorum,

    Ov. M. 1, 378: cf. id. Tr. 3, 5, 41:

    hortaturque simul flectitque labores,

    soothes, Stat. S. 5, 1, 119:

    ad deditionem primos,

    Liv. 5, 43, 1.—Mid.:

    plurimum valet miseratio, quae judicem flecti non tantum cogit, sed, etc.,

    to let himself be moved, Quint. 6, 1, 23:

    flexi in misericordiam,

    Amm. 12, 27.—
    b.
    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) To turn aside from, to avoid a thing:

    ut eam (viam) flectas, te rogo,

    Cic. Att. 11, 18, 2 (but B. and K. ex conj. C. F. Hermann read ira, v. a. sup.); cf.:

    flexit viam,

    Liv. 1, 60, 1:

    dolo a se flexos imputavit civilis,

    Tac. H. 5, 24.—
    c.
    To refer to or apply to any one:

    versus qui in Tiberium flecterentur,

    Tac. A. 6, 29:

    Augustus quaedam ex horrida illa antiquitate ad praesentem usum flexisset,

    id. ib. 4, 16.—
    d.
    In grammar.
    (α).
    To form a word from another language:

    verba derivare, flectere, conjungere,

    Quint. 8, 3, 36:

    hoc vocabulum (pollex) de Graeco flexum est,

    Gell. 4, 3 fin.
    (β).
    To decline, conjugate, inflect, Varr. L. L. 10, 2, 29 al.—
    (γ).
    Flectere syllabam, to mark with the circumflex accent, and hence, to lengthen, Quint. 1, 5, 23 Spald. and Zumpt.
    II.
    Neutr., to turn, go, or march in any direction (post-Aug.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    cum procul hos laevo flectentes limite cernunt,

    Verg. A. 9, 372:

    ex Gabino in Tusculanos flexere colles,

    Liv. 3, 8, 6;

    Hasdrubal ad Oceanum flectit,

    id. 28, 16, 3:

    inde Vitellius Cremonam flexit,

    Tac. H. 2, 70:

    in Capitolium,

    Suet. Tib. 20.—
    B.
    Trop., of thought or speech, to turn in any direction:

    ad providentiam sapientiamque,

    Tac. A. 13, 3:

    in ambitionem,

    id. ib. 4, 37:

    a veneratione Augusti orsus flexit ad victorias Tiberii,

    id. ib. 1, 34.—Hence, flexus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Lit., bent, winding:

    error,

    Ov. M. 8, 160:

    zodiacus circa Cancrum Capricornumque flexior,

    Mart. Cap. 8, § 878.—In neutr. plur. subst.: collium flexa, Minuc. Fel. Octav. 17.—
    B.
    Trop., of tones, lengthened:

    infinito magis illa flexa et circumducta sunt,

    Quint. 11, 3, 172.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > flecto

  • 17 flos

    flōs, ōris, m. [root fla-; Gr. ek-phlainô, to stream forth; cf. phlasmos; Lat. flare, flamen, etc., v. flo], a blossom, flower.
    I.
    Lit.:

    suaves flores,

    Lucr. 1, 8:

    juvat novos decerpere flores,

    id. 1, 928:

    novi,

    Hor. C. 4, 1, 32:

    recentes,

    id. ib. 3, 27, 44:

    verni,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 9:

    florum omnium varietas,

    Cic. de Sen. 15, 54:

    suavitas odorum, qui afflarentur e floribus,

    id. ib. 17, 59:

    laetissimi flores,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107:

    ninguntque rosarum Floribus,

    Lucr. 2, 628:

    flores rosae, rosarum,

    Hor. C. 2, 3, 14; 3, 29, 3; 4, 10, 4:

    piabunt floribus et vino Genium,

    id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; cf.:

    fons Bandusiae, dulci digne mero non sine floribus,

    id. C. 3, 13, 2:

    nitidum caput impedire myrto Aut flore,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 10:

    recte necne crocum floresque perambulet Attae Fabula, si dubitem, etc.,

    the stage strewed with flowers, id. Ep. 2, 1, 79:

    carduus florem purpureum mittit inter medios aculeos,

    puts forth, Plin. 20, 23, 99, § 262; cf. id. 21, 6, 17, § 31:

    legere,

    Ov. M. 4, 315.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    The honey of flowers sucked out by the bees:

    rure levis verno flores apis ingerit alveo, Conpleat ut dulci sedula melle favos,

    Tib. 2, 1, 49; Verg. G. 4, 39; Plin. 11, 7, 7, § 17.—
    2.
    In gen., like the Gr. anthos, for whatever forms either the best part or the highest part of a thing (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose).—
    a.
    The flower of any thing, i. e. the prime or best part, also the best kind of any thing: postquam est honoratus frugum et floris Liberi, the bouquet or flavor of wine, Pac. ap. Non. 498, 12; so,

    vini (Bacchi),

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 1; id. Cas. 3, 5, 16; Lucr. 3, 221.— The best kind of oil, Plin. 15, 6, 6, § 23; of wax, id. 21, 14, 49, § 84; of rosin, id. 14, 20, 25, § 124; of salt, id. 13, 1, 2, § 14; Cato, R. R. 88, 2; of meal, Plin. 18, 9, 20, § 86 et saep.; of cream, Vitr. 8, 3; of the finest dish: cenae, Favorin. ap. Gell. 15, 8, 2.—
    b.
    The highest part, the top, crown, head of a thing.—Of the froth of wine, Cato, R. R. 11, 2; Col. 12, 30; Plin. 14, 21, 27, § 136.—The blisters, scales that are formed in smelting metals, id. 34, 11, 24, § 107; the upper dust of marble or gypsum, Col. 12, 20, 8.— Poet. of the first downy hairs of the beard: nunc primum opacat flore lanugo genas, Pac. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. genas, p. 94 Müll. N. cr.; Verg. A. 8, 160; Luc. 6, 562:

    ante genas dulces quam flos juvenilis inumbret,

    Claud. in Prob. Cons. Pan. 69.—Donec flammai fulserunt flore coorto, a tip or flash of flame, Lucr. 1, 900.—
    3. II.
    Trop., the flower, crown, ornament of any thing (class.; a favorite flg. of Cic.).
    A.
    In gen.:

    ea tempestate flos poëtarum fuit (Plautus),

    Plaut. Cas. prol. 18:

    sic omnis fetus repressus, exustusque siti flos veteris ubertatis exaruit,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 16:

    (Ennius) flos delibatus populi... qua (eloquentia) virum excellentem praeclare tum illi homines florem populi esse dixerunt,

    id. ib. 15, 58 sq. (cf. Enn. Ann. v. 309 ed. Vahl.):

    flos nobilitatis ac juventutis,

    id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; so, legatorum, id. Fl. 26, 61:

    versaris in optimorum civium vel flore vel robore,

    id. Or. 10, 34; cf.:

    quod floris, quod roboris in juventute fuerat, amiserant,

    Liv. 37, 12, 7:

    ex morbo velut renovatus flos juventae,

    id. 28, 35, 7; 26, 2, 6; Curt. 3, 5, 8:

    provincia Galliae... ille flos Italiae, illud firmamentum imperii populi Romani, illud ornamentum dignitatis,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:

    flos dignitatis,

    id. Balb. 6, 15; cf.:

    ego te, Crasse, cum vitae flore, tum mortis opportunitate, divino consilio et ortum et exstinctum esse arbitror,

    splendor, glory, id. de Or. 3, 3, 12:

    in ipso Graeciae flore,

    in the very flower, the most flourishing condition, id. N. D. 3, 33, 82:

    flos aetatis,

    the flower of one's age, the prime of life, Lucr. 3, 770; 5, 847; cf.:

    non venirem contra gratiam, non virtutis spe, sed aetatis flore collectam,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.— Without aetas: Pa. Anni? Ch. Anni? Sedecim. Pa. Flos ipse, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 28:

    viridissimo flore puella,

    Cat. 17, 14:

    in flore primo tantae indolis juvenis exstinctus est,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 9, 5:

    in flore virium se credens esse,

    Liv. 42, 15, 2:

    primus flos animi,

    youthful vigor, Stat. Ach. 1, 625;

    but also: flos animi,

    ripe age, Sen. Ep. 26:

    videmus Vergilium ea de causa hortorum dotes fugisse, et e tantis, quae retulit, flores modo rerum decerpsisse,

    i. e. the choicest, best, Plin. H. N. 14 praef. § 7.—
    2.
    Transf.: flos aetatis, maidenly or youthful innocence (of girls or boys), virginity:

    (virgo) cum castum amisit polluto corpore florem,

    Cat. 62, 46:

    Hasdrubal flore aetatis, uti ferunt, primo Hamilcari conciliatus,

    Liv. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 21, 3, 4:

    florem aetatis (Caesaris) in Bithynia contaminatum,

    Suet. Caes. 49.—
    B.
    In partic., of speech, a flower, embellishment, ornament:

    ut porro conspersa sit (oratio) quasi verborum sententiarumque floribus, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 96:

    flos aut lumen eloquentiae,

    id. Brut. 17, 66; cf.:

    nullus flos tamen neque lumen ullum (in M. Crassi oratione),

    id. ib. 66, 233:

    florem et colorem defuisse,

    id. ib. 87, 298:

    alia copia locuples, alia floribus laeta,

    Quint. 8, 3, 87:

    male audire... nimiis floribus et ingenii affluentia,

    id. 12, 10, 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > flos

  • 18 in

    1.
    in (old forms endŏ and indŭ, freq. in ante-class. poets; cf. Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4; id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; Lucil. ap. Lact. 5, 9, 20; Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102; 6, 890 et saep.), prep. with abl. and acc. [kindr. with Sanscr. an; Greek en, en-tha, en-then, eis, i. e. en-s, ana; Goth. ana; Germ. in], denotes either rest or motion within or into a place or thing; opp. to ex; in, within, on, upon, among, at; into, to, towards.
    I.
    With abl.
    A.
    In space.
    1.
    Lit., in (with abl. of the place or thing in which):

    aliorum fructus in terra est, aliorum et extra,

    Plin. 19, 4, 22, § 61:

    alii in corde, alii in cerebro dixerunt animi esse sedem et locum,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:

    eo in rostris sedente suasit Serviliam legem Crassus,

    id. Brut. 43, 161:

    qui sunt cives in eadem re publica,

    id. Rep. 1, 32 fin.:

    facillimam in ea re publica esse concordiam, in qua idem conducat omnibus,

    id. ib.:

    T. Labienus ex loco superiore, quae res in nostris castris gererentur, conspicatus,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4:

    quod si in scaena, id est in contione verum valet, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 26, 97:

    in foro palam Syracusis,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81:

    plures in eo loco sine vulnere quam in proelio aut fuga intereunt,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 35:

    tulit de caede, quae in Appia via facta esset,

    Cic. Mil. 6, 15:

    in via fornicata,

    Liv. 22, 36:

    vigebat in illa domo mos patrius et disciplina,

    Cic. de Sen. 11, 37:

    in domo furtum factum ab eo qui domi fuit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 16:

    nupta in domo,

    Liv. 6, 34, 9:

    copias in castris continent,

    in, within, Caes. B. C. 1, 66:

    cum in angusto quodam pulpito stans diceret,

    Quint. 11, 3, 130:

    se ac suos in vehiculo conspici,

    Liv. 5, 40, 10:

    malo in illa tua sedecula sedere, quam in istorum sella curuli,

    Cic. Att. 4, 10:

    sedere in solio,

    id. Fin. 2, 21, 66:

    Albae constiterant, in urbe opportuna,

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 6. —

    Sometimes, also, with names of places: omnes se ultro sectari in Epheso memorat mulieres,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 182:

    heri aliquot adolescentuli coiimus in Piraeo,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 1:

    navis et in Cajeta est parata nobis et Brundisii,

    Cic. Att. 8, 3, 6:

    complures (naves) in Hispali faciendas curavit,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 18:

    caesos in Marathone ac Salamine,

    Quint. 12, 10, 24:

    in Berenice urbe Troglodytarum,

    Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183.—
    2.
    In indicating a multitude or number, of, in, or among which a person or thing is, in, among (= gen. part.):

    in his poeta hic nomen profitetur suum,

    Ter. Eun. prol. 3:

    Thales, qui sapientissimus in septem fuit,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 26:

    peto ut eum complectare, diligas, in tuis habeas,

    id. Fam. 13, 78, 2; cf.:

    in perditis et desperatis,

    id. ib. 13, 56, 1:

    omnia quae secundum naturam fiunt, sunt habenda in bonis,

    id. de Sen. 19, 71:

    dolor in maximis malis ducitur,

    id. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

    justissimus unus in Teucris,

    Verg. A. 2, 426:

    cecidere in pugna ad duo milia... in his quatuor Romani centuriones,

    Liv. 27, 12, 16:

    in diis et feminae sunt,

    Lact. 1, 16, 17.—
    3.
    Of analogous relations of place or position:

    sedere in equo,

    on horseback, id. Verr. 2, 5, 10:

    quid legati in equis,

    id. Pis. 25, 60:

    sedere in leone,

    Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109:

    in eo flumine pons erat,

    on, over, Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

    in herboso Apidano,

    on the banks of, Prop. 1, 3, 6:

    in digitis,

    on tiptoe, Val. Fl. 4, 267:

    castra in limite locat,

    on the rampart, Tac. A. 1, 50:

    ipse coronam habebat unam in capite, alteram in collo,

    on, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27:

    oleae in arbore,

    Cels. 2, 24:

    Caesaris in barbaris erat nomen obscurius,

    among, Caes. B. C. 1, 61:

    in ceteris nationibus, Cels. praef. 1: qui in Brutiis praeerat,

    Liv. 25, 16, 7:

    in juvenibus,

    Quint. 11, 1, 32:

    nutus in mutis pro sermone est,

    id. 11, 3, 66.—Of dress, like cum, q. v.:

    in veste candida,

    Liv. 45, 20, 5; 34, 7, 3:

    in calceis,

    id. 24, 38, 2:

    in insignibus,

    id. 5, 41, 2:

    in tunicis albis,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13:

    in Persico et vulgari habitu,

    Curt. 3, 3, 4:

    in lugubri veste,

    id. 10, 5, 17:

    in Tyriis,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 297:

    in Cois,

    id. ib. v. 298; cf.:

    homines in catenis Romam mittere,

    Liv. 29, 21, 12; 32, 1, 8: quis multa te in rosa urget, etc., Hor C. 1, 5, 1; so, in viola aut in rosa, Cic. Tusc. [p. 912] 5, 26, 73.—So of arms:

    duas legiones in armis,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 3, 395:

    in armis hostis,

    under arms, Ov. M. 12,65:

    quae in ore atque in oculis provinciae gesta sunt (= coram),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81; so,

    in oculis provinciae,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2:

    in oculis omnium,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 7:

    divitiae, decus, gloria in oculis sita sunt,

    Sall. C. 20, 14; Curt. 4, 13, 1; Liv. 22, 12, 6:

    Julianus in ore ejus (Vitellii) jugulatur,

    Tac. H. 3, 77; Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 7.—Of a passage in any writing (but when the author is named, by meton., for his works, apud is used, Krebs, Antibarb. p. 561):

    in populorum institutis aut legibus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42:

    in illis libris qui sunt de natura deorum,

    id. Fat. 1, 1:

    in Timaeo dicit,

    id. N. D. 1, 12, 30:

    epistula, in qua omnia perscripta erant,

    Nep. Pelop. 3, 2:

    perscribit in litteris, hostes ab se discessisse,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 49; but in is also used with an author's name when, not a place in his book, but a feature of his style, etc., is referred to:

    in Thucydide orbem modo orationis desidero,

    Cic. Or. 71, 234:

    in Herodoto omnia leniter fluunt,

    Quint. 9, 4, 18.—Of books:

    libri oratorii diu in manibus fuerunt,

    Cic. Att. 4, 13, 2; id. Lael. 25, 96; but more freq. trop.: in manibus habere, tenere, etc., to be engaged, occupied with, to have under control or within reach:

    philosophi quamcunque rem habent in manibus,

    id. Tusc. 5, 7, 18:

    quam spem nunc habeat in manibus, exponam,

    id. Verr. 1, 6, 16:

    rem habere in manibus,

    id. Att. 6, 3, 1; cf.:

    neque mihi in manu fuit Jugurtha qualis foret,

    in my power, Sall. J. 14, 4:

    postquam nihil esse in manu sua respondebatur,

    Liv. 32, 24, 2:

    quod ipsorum in manu sit,... bellum an pacem malint,

    Tac. A. 2, 46; but, cum tantum belli in manibus esset, was in hand, busied (cf.:

    inter manus),

    Liv. 4, 57, 1; so,

    quorum epistulas in manu teneo,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 4, 9; cf. id. Att. 2, 2, 2:

    in manu poculum tenens,

    id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71:

    coronati et lauream in manu tenentes,

    Liv. 40, 37, 3; Suet. Claud. 15 fin. —Of that which is thought of as existing in the mind, memory, character, etc.:

    in animo esse,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 11:

    in animo habere,

    id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52:

    lex est ratio insita in natura,

    id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

    in memoria sedere,

    id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.:

    tacito mutos volvunt in pectore questus,

    Luc. 1, 247:

    quanta auctoritas fuit in C. Metello!

    Cic. de Sen. 17, 61. —So freq. of a person's qualities of mind or character:

    erat in eo summa eloquentia, summa fides,

    Cic. Mur. 28, 58; cf.:

    in omni animante est summum aliquid atque optimum, ut in equis,

    id. Fin. 4, 41, 37:

    si quid artis in medicis est,

    Curt. 3, 5, 13; cf.:

    nibil esse in morte timendum,

    Lucr. 3, 866.— Esp., in eo loco, in that state or condition:

    in eo enim loco res sunt nostrae, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 7, 35, 7: si vos in eo loco essetis, quid aliud fecissetis? Cat. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 21; so,

    quo in loco, etc.: cum ex equitum et calonum fuga, quo in loco res essent, cognovissent,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 26:

    videtis, quo in loco res haec siet, Ter Phorm. 2, 4, 6: quod ipse, si in eodem loco esset, facturus fuerit,

    Liv. 37, 14, 5.—Hence, without loco, in eo esse ut, etc., to be in such a condition, etc.:

    non in eo esse Carthaginiensium res, ut Galliam armis obtineant,

    Liv. 30, 19, 3:

    cum res non in eo esset, ut Cyprum tentaret,

    id. 33, 41, 9; 8, 27, 3; 2, 17, 5; Nep. Mil. 7, 3; id. Paus. 5, 1 (cf. I. C. 1. infra).—
    B.
    In time, indicating its duration, in, during, in the course of:

    feci ego istaec itidem in adulescentia,

    in my youth, when I was young, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 6:

    in tempore hoc,

    Ter. And. 4, 5, 24:

    in hoc tempore,

    Tac. A. 13, 47:

    in tali tempore,

    Sall. C. 48, 5; Liv. 22, 35; 24, 28 al.:

    in diebus paucis,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 77:

    in brevi spatio,

    id. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Vesp. 4:

    in qua aetate,

    Cic. Brut. 43 fin.:

    in ea aetate,

    Liv. 1, 57:

    in omni aetate,

    Cic. de Sen. 3, 9:

    in aetate, qua jam Alexander orbem terrarum subegisset,

    Suet. Caes. 7:

    qua (sc. Iphigenia) nihil erat in eo quidem anno natum pulchrius,

    in the course of, during the year, Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95 (al. eo quidem anno):

    nihil in vita se simile fecisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 91: nihil in vita vidit calamitatis A. Cluentius. id. Clu. 6, 18:

    in tota vita inconstans,

    id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29.—
    b.
    In tempore, at the right or proper time, in time (Cic. uses only tempore; v. tempus): eccum ipsum video in tempore huc se recipere, Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 24:

    ni pedites equitesque in tempore subvenissent,

    Liv. 33, 5:

    spreta in tempore gloria interdum cumulatior redit,

    id. 2, 47:

    rebellaturi,

    Tac. A. 12, 50:

    atque adeo in ipso tempore eccum ipsum obviam,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 52: in tempore, opportune. Nos sine praepositione dicimus tempore et tempori, Don. ad Ter. And. 4, 4, 19.—
    c.
    In praesentia and in praesenti, at present, now, at this moment, under these circumstances:

    sic enim mihi in praesentia occurrit,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 14:

    vestrae quidem cenae non solum in praesentia, sed etiam postero die jucundae sunt,

    id. ib. 5, 35, 100:

    id quod unum maxime in praesentia desiderabatur,

    Liv. 21, 37:

    haec ad te in praesenti scripsi, ut, etc.,

    for the present, Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 4.—
    d.
    With gerunds and fut. pass. participles, to indicate duration of time, in:

    fit, ut distrahatur in deliberando animus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9; id. Fam. 2, 6, 2:

    vitiosum esse in dividendo partem in genere numerare,

    id. Fin. 2, 9, 26:

    quod in litteris dandis praeter consuetudinem proxima nocte vigilarat,

    id. Cat. 3, 3, 6:

    ne in quaerendis suis pugnandi tempus dimitteret,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 21:

    in agris vastandis incendiisque faciendis hostibus,

    in laying waste, id. ib. 5, 19:

    in excidenda Numantia,

    Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76:

    cum in immolanda Iphigenia tristis Calchas esset,

    id. Or. 21, 74.—
    C.
    In other relations, where a person or thing is thought of as in a certain condition, situation, or relation, in:

    qui magno in aere alieno majores etiam possessiones habent,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18:

    se in insperatis repentinisque pecuniis jactare,

    id. Cat. 2, 9, 20:

    Larinum in summo timore omnium cum armatis advolavit,

    id. Clu. 8, 25.—

    So freq., of qualities or states of mind: summa in sollicitudine ac timore Parthici belli,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 31:

    torpescentne dextrae in amentia illa?

    Liv. 23, 9, 7:

    hunc diem perpetuum in laetitia degere,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5; Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2:

    in metu,

    Tac. A. 14, 43:

    in voluptate,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62:

    alicui in amore esse,

    beloved, id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3:

    alicui in amoribus esse,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

    res in invidia erat,

    Sall. J. 25, 5; Liv. 29, 37, 17: sum in expectatione omnium rerum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 10:

    num... Diogenem Stoicum coegit in suis studiis obmutescere senectus?

    in his studies, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:

    mirificam cepi voluptatem ex tua diligentia: quod in summis tuis occupationibus mihi tamen rei publicae statum per te notum esse voluisti,

    even in, notwithstanding your great occupations, id. Fam. 3, 11, 4.—

    So freq., of business, employment, occupations, etc.: in aliqua re versari,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

    similia iis, quae in consilio dixerat,

    Curt. 5, 5, 23:

    in certamine armorum atque in omni palaestra quid satis recte cavetur,

    Quint. 9, 4, 8:

    agi in judiciis,

    id. 11, 1, 78:

    tum vos mihi essetis in consilio,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28:

    in actione... dicere,

    Quint. 8, 2, 2.—Of an office, magistracy:

    in quo tum magistratu forte Brutus erat,

    Liv. 1, 59, 7; 4, 17, 1:

    in eo magistratu pari diligentia se praebuit,

    Nep. Han. 7, 5 (cf. B. 1. supra):

    in ea ipsa causa fuit eloquentissimus,

    Cic. Brut, 43, 160:

    qui non defendit nec obsistit, si potest, injuriae, tam est in vitio, quam, etc.,

    is in the wrong, acts wrongly, id. Off. 1, 7, 23:

    etsi hoc quidem est in vitio, dissolutionem naturae tam valde perhorrescere,

    is wrong, id. Fin. 5, 11, 31:

    non sunt in eo genere tantae commoditates corporis,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 29; cf.:

    an omnino nulla sit in eo genere distinctio,

    id. Or. 61, 205:

    Drusus erat de praevaricatione absolutus in summa quatuor sententiis,

    on the whole, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16; cf.:

    et in omni summa, ut mones, valde me ad otium pacemque converto,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 5;

    but, in summa, sic maxime judex credit, etc.,

    in a word, in fine, Quint. 9, 2, 72; Auct. B. Alex. 71; Just. 37, 1, 8:

    horum (juvenum) inductio in parte simulacrum decurrentis exercitus erat: ex parte elegantioris exercitii quam militaris artis,

    in part, Liv. 44, 9, 5; cf.:

    quod mihi in parte verum videtur,

    Quint. 2, 8, 6:

    patronorum in parte expeditior, in parte difficilior interrogatio est,

    id. 5, 7, 22:

    hoc facere in eo homine consueverunt,

    in the case of, Caes. B. G. 7, 21:

    in furibus aerarii,

    Sall. C. 52, 12:

    Achilles talis in hoste fuit,

    Verg. A. 2, 540:

    in hoc homine saepe a me quaeris, etc.,

    in the case of, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 6: in nominibus impiis, Sall. C. 51, 15:

    suspectus et in morte matris fuit,

    Suet. Vit. 14:

    qui praesentes metuunt, in absentia hostes erunt, = absentes,

    Curt. 6, 3, 8 (cf. I. B. c. supra).—Of the meaning of words, etc.:

    non solum in eodem sensu, sed etiam in diverso, eadem verba contra,

    Quint. 9, 3, 36:

    aliter voces aut eaedem in diversa significatione ponuntur,

    id. 9, 3, 69:

    Sallustius in significatione ista non superesse sed superare dicit,

    Gell. 1, 22, 15:

    stips non dicitur in significatione trunci,

    Charis. 1, 18, 39:

    semper in significatione ea hortus,

    Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 50. —
    2.
    In with abl. of adjj. is used with the verbs esse and habere to express quality:

    cum exitus haud in facili essent, i. e. haud faciles,

    Liv. 3, 8, 9:

    adeo moderatio tuendae libertatis in difficili est,

    id. 3, 8, 11; 3, 65, 11; but mostly with adjj. of the first and second declension:

    in obscuro esse, Liv. praef. § 3: in dubio esse,

    id. 2, 3, 1; 3, 19, 8; Ov. H. 19, 174:

    dum in dubiost animus,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; 2, 2, 10:

    in integro esse,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3; id. Att. 11, 15, 4:

    in incerto esse,

    Liv. 5, 28, 5:

    in obvio esse,

    id. 37, 23, 1:

    in tuto esse,

    id. 38, 4, 10; cf.:

    videre te in tuto,

    Cat. 30, 6:

    in aequo esse,

    Liv. 39, 37, 14; Tac. A. 2, 44:

    in expedito esse,

    Curt. 4, 2, 22:

    in proximo esse,

    Quint. 1, 3, 4:

    in aperto esse,

    Sall. C. 5, 3:

    in promisco esse,

    Liv. 7, 17, 7:

    in augusto esse,

    Cels. 5, 27, 2:

    in incerto haberi,

    Sall. J. 46, 8; Tac. A. 15, 17:

    in levi habitum,

    id. H. 2, 21; cf.:

    in incerto relinquere,

    Liv. 5, 28, 5; Tac. H. 2, 83.
    II.
    With acc.
    A.
    In space, with verbs of motion, into or to a place or thing (rarely with names of towns and small islands;

    v. Zumpt, Gram. § 398): influxit non tenuis quidam e Graecia rivulus in hanc urbem,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 19:

    in Ephesum advenit,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 35:

    in Epirum venire,

    Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3:

    ibo in Piraeeum, visamque, ecquae advenerit in portum ex Epheso navis mercatoria,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2: venio ad Piraeea, in quo magis reprehendendus sum, quod... Piraeea scripserim, non Piraeeum, quam in quod addiderim;

    non enim hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10:

    se contulisse Tarquinios, in urbem Etruriae florentissimam,

    id. Rep. 2, 19:

    remigrare in domum veterem e nova,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 13:

    cum in sua rura venerunt,

    id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102:

    a te ipso missi in ultimas gentes,

    id. Fam. 15, 9:

    in Ubios legatos mittere,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 11:

    dein Thalam pervenit, in oppidum magnum et opulentum,

    Sall. J. 75, 1:

    Regillum antiquam in patriam se contulerat,

    Liv. 3, 58, 1:

    abire in exercitum,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 102.— With nuntio:

    cum id Zmyrnam in contionem nuntiatum est,

    Tac. A. 4, 56:

    nuntiatur in castra,

    Lact. Most. Pers. 46; cf.:

    allatis in castra nuntiis,

    Tac. H. 4, 32: in manus sumere, tradere, etc., into one's hands:

    iste unumquodque vas in manus sumere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63:

    Falerios se in manus Romanis tradidisse,

    Liv. 5, 27, 3.—Rarely with the verbs ponere, collocare, etc. (pregn., i. e. to bring into... and place there):

    in crimen populo ponere,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 10:

    ut liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas deponerent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 19:

    duplam pecuniam in thesauros reponi,

    Liv. 29, 19, 7:

    prius me collocavi in arborem,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 6:

    sororem et propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates collocasse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 18.— Motion in any direction, up to, to, into, down to:

    in caelum ascendere,

    Cic. Lael. 23 fin.:

    filium ipse paene in umeros suos extulisset,

    id. de Or. 1, 53, 228:

    tamquam in aram confugitis ad deum,

    up to the altar, id. Tusc. 3, 10, 25:

    Saturno tenebrosa in Tartara misso,

    Ov. M. 1, 113:

    in flumen deicere,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; Nep. Chab. 4, 3.—
    2.
    Denoting mere direction towards a place or thing, and hence sometimes joined with versus, towards:

    quid nunc supina sursum in caelum conspicis,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 78:

    si in latus aut dextrum aut sinistrum, ut ipsi in usu est, cubat,

    Cels. 2, 3:

    Belgae spectant in septentriones et orientem solem,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

    in orientem Germaniae, in occidentem Hispaniae obtenditur, Gallis in meridiem etiam inspicitur,

    Tac. Agr. 10:

    in laevum prona nixus sedet Inachus urna,

    Stat. Th. 2, 218.—With versus:

    castra ex Biturigibus movet in Arvernos versus,

    towards, Caes. B. G. 7, 8 fin.:

    in Galliam versus movere,

    Sall. C. 56, 4: in [p. 913] ltaliam versus, Front. Strat. 1, 4, 11:

    si in urbem versus venturi erant,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 82. —
    3.
    So of that which is thought of as entering into the mind, memory, etc. (cf. I. A. 2. fin.):

    in memoriam reducere,

    Cic. Inv 1, 52, 98:

    in animum inducere,

    Liv. 27, 9:

    in mentem venire,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3:

    frequens imitatio transit in mores,

    Quint. 1, 11, 3. —

    Or into a writing or speech: in illam Metellinam orationem addidi quaedam,

    Cic. Att. 1, 13, 5.—
    B.
    In time, into, till, for:

    dormiet in lucem,

    into the daylight, till broad day, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 34:

    statim e somno, quem plerumque in diem extrahunt, lavantur,

    Tac. G. 22: sermonem in multam noctem produximus, deep into the night, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 239 Lindem.:

    in multam noctem luxit,

    Suet. Tib. 74:

    si febris in noctem augetur,

    Cels. 7, 27:

    dixit in noctem atque etiam nocte illatis lucernis,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 14:

    indutias in triginta annos impetraverunt,

    for thirty years, Liv. 9, 37, 12; 7, 20, 8:

    nisi id verbum in omne tempus perdidissem,

    forever, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1:

    ad cenam hominem in hortos invitavit in posterum diem,

    for the following day, id. Off. 3, 14, 58:

    audistis auctionem constitutam in mensem Januarium,

    id. Agr. 1, 2, 4:

    subito reliquit annum suum seque in annum proximum transtulit,

    id. Mil. 9, 24:

    solis defectiones itemque lunae praedicuntur in multos annos,

    for many years, id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

    postero die Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie,

    Liv. 27, 2:

    qui ab matutino tempore duraverunt in occasum,

    Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99:

    seritur (semen lini) a Kalendis Octobribus in ortum aquilae,

    Col. 2, 10, 17.—With usque:

    neque illi didicerunt haec usque in senectutem,

    Quint. 12, 11, 20:

    in illum usque diem servati,

    id. 8, 3, 68:

    in serum usque patente cubiculo,

    Suet. Oth. 11:

    regnum trahat usque in tempora fati,

    Sil. 11, 392: in posterum (posteritatem) or in futurum, in future, for the future: in praesens, for the present: in perpetuum or in aeternum, forever:

    sancit in posterum, ne quis, etc.,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

    res dilata est in posterum,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:

    video quanta tempestas invidiae nobis, si minus in praesens, at in posteritatem impendeat,

    id. Cat. 1, 9, 22:

    id aegre et in praesentia hi passi et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt,

    Liv. 34, 27, 10; cf.:

    ingenti omnium et in praesens laetitia et in futurum spe,

    id. 30, 17, 1:

    effugis in futurum,

    Tac. H. 1, 71:

    quod eum tibi quaestoris in loco constitueras, idcirco tibi amicum in perpetuum fore putasti?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30; cf.:

    oppidum omni periculo in perpetuum liberavit,

    id. Fam. 13, 4, 2:

    quae (leges) non in tempus aliquod, sed perpetuae utilitatis causa in aeternum latae sunt,

    Liv. 34, 6, 4: in tempus, for a while, for a short time, for the occasion (postAug.):

    sensit miles in tempus conficta,

    Tac. A. 1, 37:

    ne urbs sine imperio esset, in tempus deligebatur, qui jus redderet,

    id. ib. 6, 11:

    scaena in tempus structa,

    id. ib. 14, 20. —So in diem, for the day, to meet the day's want:

    nihil ex raptis in diem commeatibus superabat,

    Liv. 22, 40, 8:

    rapto in diem frumento,

    id. 4, 10, 1;

    but, cum illa fundum emisset in diem,

    i. e. a fixed day of payment, Nep. Att. 9, 5: in singulos dies, or simply in dies, with comparatives and verbs denoting increase, from day to day, daily:

    vitium in dies crescit,

    Vell. 2, 5, 2:

    in dies singulos breviores litteras ad te mitto,

    Cic. Att. 5, 7:

    qui senescat in dies,

    Liv. 22, 39, 15: in diem, daily:

    nos in diem vivimus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

    in diem et horam,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 47;

    and in horas,

    hourly, id. C. 2, 13, 14; id. S. 2, 7, 10.—
    C.
    In other relations, in which an aiming at, an inclining or striving towards a thing, is conceivable, on, about, respecting; towards, against; for, as; in, to; into:

    id, quod apud Platonem est in philosophos dictum,

    about the philosophers, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28:

    Callimachi epigramma in Ambraciotam Cleombrotum est,

    id. Tusc. 1, 34, 84; cf.:

    cum cenaret Simonides apud Scopam cecinissetque id car men, quod in eum scripsisset, etc.,

    id. de Or. 2, 86, 352:

    quo amore tandem inflammati esse debemus in ejus modi patriam,

    towards, id. ib. 1, 44, 196:

    in liberos nostros indulgentia,

    id. ib. 2, 40, 168:

    de suis meritis in rem publicam aggressus est dicere,

    id. Or. 38, 133: ita ad impietatem in deos, in homines adjunxit injuriam, against, id. N. D. 3, 34 fin.:

    in dominum quaeri,

    to be examined as a witness against, id. Mil. 22, 60:

    in eos impetum facere,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 1:

    invehi in Thebanos,

    Nep. Epam. 6, 1; id. Tim. 5, 3:

    quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnes valet,

    id. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

    num etiam in deos immortales inauspicatam legem valuisse?

    Liv. 7, 6, 11:

    vereor coram in os te laudare amplius,

    to your face, Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5:

    si in me exerciturus (pugnos), quaeso, in parietem ut primum domes,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 168:

    in puppim rediere rates,

    Luc. 3, 545 Burm. (cf.:

    sic equi dicuntur in frena redire, pulsi in terga recedere, Sulp. ad loc.): Cumis eam vidi: venerat enim in funus: cui funeri ego quoque operam dedi,

    to the funeral, to take charge of the funeral, Cic. Att. 15, 1, B:

    se quisque eum optabat, quem fortuna in id certamen legeret,

    Liv. 21, 42, 2:

    quodsi in nullius mercedem negotia eant, pauciora fore,

    Tac. A. 11, 6:

    haec civitas mulieri redimiculum praebeat, haec in collum, haec in crines,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33:

    Rhegium quondam in praesidium missa legio,

    Liv. 28, 28; so,

    datae in praesidium cohortes,

    Tac. H. 4, 35: hoc idem significat Graecus ille in eam sententiam versus, to this effect or purport, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 25; cf. id. Fam. 9, 15, 4:

    haec et in eam sententiam cum multa dixisset,

    id. Att. 2, 22:

    qui omnia sic exaequaverunt, ut in utramque partem ita paria redderent, uti nulla selectione uterentur,

    id. Fin. 3, 4, 12:

    in utramque partem disputat,

    on both sides, for and against, id. Off. 3, 23, 89: te rogo, me tibi in omnes partes defendendum putes, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10 fin.:

    facillime et in optimam partem cognoscuntur adulescentes, qui se ad claros et sapientes viros contulerunt,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 46:

    cives Romani servilem in modum cruciati et necati,

    in the manner of slaves, Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13; cf.:

    miserandum in modum milites populi Romani capti, necati sunt,

    id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5:

    senior quidam Veiens vaticinantis in modum cecinit,

    Liv. 5, 15, 4;

    also: domus et villae in urbium modum aedificatae,

    Sall. C. 12, 3:

    perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia legitima sint,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

    judicium quin acciperet in ea ipsa verba quae Naevius edebat, non recusasse,

    id. Quint. 20, 63; cf.:

    senatusconsultum in haec verba factum,

    Liv. 30, 43, 9:

    pax data Philippo in has leges est,

    id. 33, 30:

    Gallia omnis divisa est in partes tres,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1; cf.:

    quae quidem in confirmationem et reprehensionem dividuntur,

    Cic. Part. Or. 9, 33: describebat censores binos in singulas civitates, i. e. for or over each state, id. Verr. 2, 2, 53; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 26:

    itaque Titurium Tolosae quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exegisse,

    id. Font. 5, 9:

    extulit eum plebs sextantibus collatis in capita,

    a head, for each person, Liv. 2, 33 fin.:

    Macedonibus treceni nummi in capita statutum est pretium,

    id. 32, 17, 2; cf.:

    Thracia in Rhoemetalcen filium... inque liberos Cotyis dividitur (i. e. inter),

    Tac. A. 2, 67.—
    2.
    Of the object or end in view, regarded also as the motive of action or effect:

    non te in me illiberalem, sed me in se neglegentem putabit,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 16:

    neglegentior in patrem,

    Just. 32, 3, 1:

    in quem omnes intenderat curas,

    Curt. 3, 1, 21:

    quos ardere in proelia vidi,

    Verg. A. 2, 347:

    in bellum ardentes,

    Manil. 4, 220:

    nutante in fugam exercitu,

    Flor. 3, 10, 4:

    in hanc tam opimam mercedem agite ( = ut eam vobis paretis, Weissenb. ad loc.),

    Liv. 21, 43, 7:

    certa praemia, in quorum spem pugnarent,

    id. 21, 45, 4:

    in id sors dejecta,

    id. 21, 42, 2:

    in id fide accepta,

    id. 28, 17, 9:

    in spem pacis solutis animis,

    id. 6, 11, 5 et saep.:

    ingrata misero vita ducenda est in hoc, ut, etc.,

    Hor. Epod. 17, 63:

    nec in hoc adhibetur, ut, etc.,

    Sen. Ep. 16, 3:

    alius non in hoc, ut offenderet, facit, id. de Ira, 2, 26, 3: in quod tum missi?

    Just. 38, 3, 4.—So, like ad, with words expressing affections or inclination of the mind:

    in obsequium plus aequo pronus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10:

    paratus in res novas,

    Tac. H. 4, 32:

    in utrumque paratus,

    Verg. A. 2, 61.—
    3.
    Of the result of an act or effort:

    denique in familiae luctum atque in privignorum funus nupsit,

    Cic. Clu. 66, 188:

    paratusque miles, ut ordo agminis in aciem adsisteret,

    Tac. A. 2, 16: excisum Euboicae latus ingens rupis in antrum, Verg. A. 6, 42:

    portus ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum,

    id. ib. 3, 533:

    populum in obsequia principum formavit,

    Just. 3, 2, 9:

    omnium partium decus in mercedem conruptum erat,

    Sall. H. 1, 13 Dietsch:

    commutari ex veris in falsa,

    Cic. Fat. 9, 17; 9, 18:

    in sollicitudinem versa fiducia est,

    Curt. 3, 8, 20.—
    4.
    Esp. in the phrase: in gratiam or in honorem, alicujus, in kindness, to show favor, out of good feeling, to show honor, etc., to any one (first in Liv.; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 28, 21, 4;

    Krebs, Antibarb. p. 562): in gratiam levium sociorum injuriam facere,

    Liv. 39, 26, 12:

    pugnaturi in gratiam ducis,

    id. 28, 21, 4:

    quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal,

    id. 28, 39, 13; cf. id. 35, 2, 6; 26, 6, 16:

    oratio habita in sexus honorem,

    Quint. 1, 1, 6:

    convivium in honorem victoriae,

    id. 11, 2, 12:

    in honorem Quadratillae,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 7:

    in honorem tuum,

    Sen. Ep. 20, 7; 79, 2; 92, 1; Vell. 2, 41 al.—
    5.
    In the phrase, in rem esse, to be useful, to avail (cf.: e re esse;

    opp.: contra rem esse): ut aequom est, quod in rem esse utrique arbitremur,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 10:

    si in rem est Bacchidis,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 2, 2, 7:

    hortatur, imperat, quae in rem sunt,

    Liv. 26, 44, 7:

    cetera, quae cognosse in rem erat,

    id. 22, 3, 2; 44, 19, 3:

    in rem fore credens universos adpellare,

    Sall. C. 20, 1; cf.:

    in duas res magnas id usui fore,

    Liv. 37, 15, 7:

    in hos usus,

    Verg. A. 4, 647.—
    6.
    To form adverbial expressions:

    non nominatim, qui Capuae, sed in universum qui usquam coissent, etc.,

    in general, Liv. 9, 26, 8; cf.:

    terra etsi aliquanto specie differt, in universum tamen aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda,

    Tac. G. 5:

    in universum aestimanti, etc.,

    id. ib. 6:

    aestate in totum, si fieri potest, abstinendum est (Venere),

    wholly, entirely, Cels. 1, 3 fin.; cf. Col. 2, 1, 2:

    in plenum dici potest, etc.,

    fully, Plin. 16, 40, 79, § 217:

    Marii virtutem in majus celebrare,

    beyond due bounds, Sall. J. 73, 5:

    aliter se corpus habere atque consuevit, neque in pejus tantum, sed etiam in melius,

    for the worse, for the better, Cels. 2, 2:

    in deterius,

    Tac. A. 14, 43:

    in mollius,

    id. ib. 14, 39:

    quid enim est iracundia in supervacuum tumultuante frigidius? Sen. de Ira, 2, 11: civitas saepta muris neque in barbarum corrupta (v. barbarus),

    Tac. A. 6, 42; cf.:

    aucto in barbarum cognomento,

    id. H. 5, 2:

    priusquam id sors cerneret, in incertum, ne quid gratia momenti faceret, in utramque provinciam decerni,

    while the matter was uncertain, Liv. 43, 12, 2:

    nec puer Iliaca quisquam de gente Latinos In tantum spe tollet avos,

    so much, Verg. A. 6, 876:

    in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

    Liv. 22, 27, 4; cf.:

    quaedam (aquae) fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 24:

    viri in tantum boni, in quantum humana simplicitas intellegi potest,

    Vell. 2, 43, 4:

    quippe pedum digitos, in quantum quaeque secuta est, Traxit,

    Ov. M. 11, 71:

    meliore in omnia ingenio animoque quam fortuna usus,

    in all respects, Vell. 2, 13:

    ut simul in omnia paremur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 25:

    in antecessum dare,

    beforehand, Sen. Ep. 118.—
    7.
    Sometimes with esse, habere, etc., in is followed by the acc. (constr. pregn.), to indicate a direction, aim, purpose, etc. (but v. Madvig. Gram. § 230, obs. 2, note, who regards these accusatives as originating in errors of pronunciation); so, esse in potestatem alicujus, to come into and remain in one ' s power: esse in mentem alicui, to come into and be in one ' s mind: esse in conspectum, to appear to and be in sight: esse in usum, to come into use, be used, etc.:

    quod, qui illam partem urbis tenerent, in eorum potestatem portum futurum intellegebant,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38:

    ut portus in potestatem Locrensium esset,

    Liv. 24, 1, 13; 2, 14, 4:

    eam optimam rem publicam esse duco, quae sit in potestatem optimorum,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 17:

    neque enim sunt motus in nostram potestatem,

    Quint. 6, 2, 29:

    numero mihi in mentem fuit,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 25; cf.:

    ecquid in mentem est tibi?

    id. Bacch. 1, 2, 53:

    nec prius surrexisse ac militibus in conspectum fuisse, quam, etc.,

    Suet. Aug. 16:

    quod satis in usum fuit, sublato, ceterum omne incensum est,

    Liv. 22, 20, 6: ab hospitibus clientibusque suis, ab exteris nationibus, quae in amicitiam populi Romani dicionemque essent, injurias propulsare, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66: adesse in senatum [p. 914] jussit a. d. XIII. Kal. Octobr., id. Phil. 5, 7, 19.—Less freq. with habere: facito in memoriam habeas tuam majorem filiam mihi te despondisse, call or bring to mind, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 108:

    M. Minucium magistrum equitum, ne quid rei bellicae gereret, prope in custodiam habitum,

    put in prison, kept in prison, Liv. 22, 25, 6:

    reliquos in custodiam habitos,

    Tac. H. 1, 87.—So rarely with other verbs:

    pollicetur se provinciam Galliam retenturum in senatus populique Romani potestatem,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 8. —
    III.
    In composition, n regularly becomes assimilated to a foll. l, m, or r, and is changed before the labials into m: illabor, immitto, irrumpo, imbibo, impello.—As to its meaning, according as it is connected with a verb of rest or motion, it conveys the idea of existence in a place or thing, or of motion, direction, or inclination into or to a place or thing: inesse; inhibere, inferre, impellere, etc. See Hand, Turs. III. pp. 243- 356.
    2.
    in (before b and p, im; before l, m, and r, the n assimilates itself to these consonants), an inseparable particle [kindred with Sanscr. a-, an-; Gr. a-, an; Goth. and Germ. un-], which negatives the meaning of the noun or participle with which it is connected; Engl. un-, in-, not: impar, unequal: intolerabilis, unbearable, intolerable: immitis, not mild, rude, etc.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > in

  • 19 scribo

    scrībo, psi, ptum, 3 ( perf. sync. scripsti, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57: scripstis, Enn. ap. Non. 153, 28, or Trag. v. 239 Vahl.; inf. scripse, Aus. Sept. Sap. Lud. 1; cf. 2. dico init.), v. a. [root skrabh-, to dig; whence, Gr. graphô; Lat. scrobis, scrofa; cf. Germ. schreiben], prop., to scratch, grave, engrave with a sharp point; hence,
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., to write, draw, or otherwise make lines, letters, figures, etc. (cf. scalpo):

    in libro cum scribuntur calamo litterae,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131; cf. id. Bacch. 4, 4, 76 sq.:

    litteras, tabellas,

    id. Ps. 1, 1, 28:

    (littera M) etiamsi scribitur, tamen parum exprimitur,

    Quint. 9, 4, 40; cf. id. 1, 7, 28:

    nostri praeceptores cervum servumque u et o litteris scripserunt,

    id. 1, 7, 26; cf. id. 1, 7, 4; 1, 7, 20; 1, 7, 30; 12, 10, 28;

    12, 10, 30: terra in augurum libris scripta cum r uno,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 21 Müll.:

    hic carmen mediā scribe columnā,

    Prop. 4 (5), 7, 83; cf.:

    scribitur vestris Cynthia corticibus,

    id. 1, 18, 22; Ov. M. 9, 527; Luc. 2, 343:

    in aquā,

    Cat. 68, 4; cf.

    also: fac lapis his scriptus stet super ossa notis: hic jacet, etc.,

    Tib. 1, 3, 54 (but the better reading is inscriptis):

    scribere decore,

    to write a good hand, Amm. 30, 9, 4:

    erat scriptum ipsius manu,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

    suā manu scripsit,

    Liv. 37, 10.—Of drawing, etc.:

    si quis fugitivo stigmata scripserit,

    has branded a runaway, Quint. 7, 4, 14; cf.: charaxat ambas ungulis scribentibus genas, Prud. steph. 10, 557:

    totius vobis Frontem tabernae scipionibus scribam,

    Cat. 37, 10:

    (Diodotus Stoicus) geometriae munus tuebatur, verbis praecipiens discentibus, unde, quo quamque lineam scriberent,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 113:

    ut formam (porticus) secundum rationem loci scribas,

    draw, design, Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5; Stat. S. 1, 3, 9:

    quae Attalicis variata per artem Aulaeis scribuntur acu,

    i. e. are embroidered, Sil. 14, 660:

    scripto radiat Germanicus auro, i. e. sculpto,

    Juv. 6, 205; cf. Mart. 11, 5, 3.—
    B.
    Trop.: memor essem? etiam nunc mihi Scripta illa dicta sunt in animo Chrysidis De Glycerio, graven, imprinted (syn.:

    inscripta, insculpta),

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 48:

    arva sanguineo scribit rutilantia gyro,

    Stat. Th. 11, 514.—
    II.
    In partic., with the accessory idea of intellectual action, of written composition of every kind, to write, write down, compose, describe, depict; to draw up, communicate, announce in writing (syn.: compono, perscribo).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    quoniam de re publicā multa quaesierint et scripserint,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

    Cn. Aufidius praetorius (caecus) Graecam scribebat historiam,

    id. Tusc. 5, 38, 112; so,

    historiam,

    id. de Or. 2, 12, 51; id. Brut. 75, 262:

    bellum,

    Liv. 21, 1:

    res gestas,

    Hor. A. P. 74; id. Ep. 1, 3, 7 al.:

    librum de rebus rusticis,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 54:

    scripsi etiam versibus tres libros de temporibus meis,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

    in Catone Majore, qui est scriptus ad te de senectute,

    id. Lael. 1, 4:

    carmen in aliquem,

    id. de Or. 2, 86, 352:

    Furius defensionem causae suae scripsit,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112; cf. Quint. 2, 15, 29:

    libellos,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 61; id. P. 4, 13, 19:

    notas,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 90:

    Diphilus Hanc (fabulam) Graece scripsit,

    Plaut. Cas. prol. 33; Ter. Heaut. prol. 43; id. Hec. prol. 6 (cf. also infra, d):

    versus,

    Lucr. 1, 24; Hor. S. 1, 9, 23; 1, 10, 60:

    carmina,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 74; id. Ep. 1, 19, 3:

    poëmata,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 66 et saep.; cf.: scripsere alii rem Versibus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 19, 76 (Ann. v. 221 Vahl.):

    formam et situm agri alicui,

    to describe, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4 et saep.—Of written communications, letters, etc.:

    epistulis tuis perdiligenter scriptis,

    Cic. Att. 1, 11, 1; cf. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 1:

    haec scripsi properans,

    Cic. Att. 2, 19, 5:

    litteras, quas ad Pompeium scripsi, tibi misi,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 3:

    litterae extemplo Romam scriptae,

    Liv. 41, 16:

    plura ad te scribam, si, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 11, 10, 3:

    scriberem ad te de hoc plura, si Romae esses,

    id. ib. 6, 4, 11:

    haec ad te scripsi verbosius,

    id. Fam. 7, 3, 5:

    scriptā jam epistulā superiore,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 26:

    non quo haberem, quod tibi scriberem,

    id. Att. 4, 4, a:

    epistulam,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 8 et saep.:

    scribere salutem,

    to send a greeting, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 77; cf.:

    laudes atque gratias populo Romano,

    Gell. 3, 8, 5.—With a personal object:

    nullos habeo scriptos (homines), memini tamen,

    written down, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

    per eum Marium, quem scripsissem,

    Cic. Att. 12, 49, 1: quis Martem digne scripserit aut...Merionem aut...Tydiden? who could depict, represent, etc., Hor. C. 1, 6, 14; id. S. 2, 1, 16; cf. in the pass.:

    scriberis Vario fortis et hostium Victor,

    id. C. 1, 6, 1.—With two acc.: cum auctor pugnae se A. Cornelium Cossum consulem scripserit, subscribed himself, declared himself in the inscription to be, Liv. 4, 20, 11.—
    (β).
    With object-clause:

    in foribus scribat occupatum esse se,

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 15:

    ut Africanum avum meum scribit Cato solitum esse dicere,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27; id. Att. 1, 8, 1; cf.:

    Romae quod scribis sileri, ita putabam,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 2:

    quod ad te scripseram me in Epiro futurum,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 1:

    Graeceius ad me scripsit, C. Cassium sibi scripsisse, homines comparari, qui, etc.,

    id. ib. 15, 8, 2:

    Cicero quodam loco scribit, id esse optimum, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 1, 92:

    post paulo scribit, sibi millia quinque Esse domi chlamydum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 43 et saep.—In pass., with nom. or acc.:

    eadem haec avis scribitur conchis se solere complere, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125: scribitur nobis, magnam veteranorum multitudinem Romam convenisse jam, etc., Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2, 1:

    scriptum est item, quaesivisse (Socratem), quid esset,

    Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123.—
    (γ).
    With rel.-clause:

    nec scribis, quam ad diem te exspectemus,

    Cic. Att. 3, 7, 1:

    scribe aliquando ad nos, quid agas,

    id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

    ad me Valerius scripsit... quem ad modum ducta esses, etc.,

    id. ib. 14, 2, 2.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    quo (Platone) nemo in scribendo praestantior fuit,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 11, 21; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 13:

    Demophilus scripsit, Marcus vortit barbare,

    Plaut. As. prol. 11; id. Trin. prol. 19:

    poëta quom primum ad scribendum animum appulit,

    Ter. And. prol. 1; id. Heaut. prol. 7:

    sumite materiem vestris, qui scribitis, aequam Viribus,

    Hor. A. P. 38:

    sic raro scribis, ut toto non quater anno Membranam poscas,

    id. S. 2, 3, 1 et saep.:

    Samiae, ut ibi (i. e. in oratione) scribit Laelius, capedines,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 16, 25:

    ut, quemadmodum scribit ille, cottidiano, etc.,

    id. ib. 6, 2, 8:

    denique non video de tot scribentibus unum,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 495.—So freq. of written communications, letters; usually with ad aliquem (less freq. alicui) or de aliquā re:

    tv si, ut scribis, Kal. Jun. Romā profectus es, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 3, 9, 3:

    ego te, ut scribis, cito videbo,

    id. ib. 3, 27:

    nihil habeo, quod ad te scribam, scribo tamen, non ut te delectem, etc.,

    id. ib. 14, 12, 3:

    senatusconsultum si erit factum, scribes ad me,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 2; cf.:

    scripsi etiam ad Camillum, ad Lamiam,

    id. ib. 5, 8, 3:

    in quā (epistulā) de agro Campano scribis,

    id. ib. 2, 16, 11:

    ut nuper me scis scripsisse ad te de Varronis erga me officio, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 25, 1; cf.:

    Hermae tui Pentelici, de quibus ad me scripsisti,

    id. ib. 1, 8, 2; 1, 9, 2 et saep.— With ut, ne, etc.:

    velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,

    Cic. Att. 4, 14, 1:

    ad me scriberet, ut in Italiam quam primum venirem,

    id. ib. 11, 7, 2; 5, 11, 6.— With dat.:

    consules Fulvio, ut ex Falisco, Postumio, ut ex Vaticano exercitum ad Clusium admoveant, scribunt,

    Liv. 10, 27; 42, 27; Tac. A. 1, 29.—With ne:

    Scipioni scribendum, ne bellum remitteret,

    Liv. 30, 23.—With simple subj.:

    scribit Labieno, si rei publicae commodo facere posset, cum legione ad fines Nerviorum veniat,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 46 fin. —In Tac. also, with inf.:

    scribitur tetrarchis ac regibus, jussis Corbulonis obsequi,

    Tac. A. 15, 25 fin. —In eccl. Lat. as a formula of quotation from the Scriptures:

    scriptum est,

    i. e. it is said in Holy Writ, Vulg. Matt. 4, 4; id. Luc. 19, 46; id. Rom. 11, 8 et saep.—
    B.
    Publicists', milit., jurid., and business t. t., of written plans, drafts, and other writings of various import.
    1.
    Publicists' t. t., to draw up, draught a law, decree, treaty, etc.:

    quod proditum memoria est, X. viros, qui leges scripserint, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54; so,

    leges,

    id. ib. 2, 36, 61; 2, 10, 18; id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Inv. 1, 38, 68 al.; cf.

    in a transf. signif.: cui non apparet, inopiam et miseriam civitatis istam legem scripsisse, etc.,

    Liv. 34, 6 fin.; and:

    testamentum, quod pietas, fides, pudor scripsit,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 7:

    haec senatusconsulta non ignoro ab amicissimis ejus, cujus de honore agitur, scribi solere,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 6, 2.—So very freq.: senatusconsulto scribendo, or simply scribendo adesse, or also, ad scribendum esse, to witness the drawing up of a decree of the Senate; to subscribe it: erat nobis dictum, te existimare, alicui senatusconsulto, quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret, scribendo Lamiam [p. 1648] affuisse, qui omnino consulibus illis numquam fuit ad scribendum, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2 Orell. N. cr.; cf.: senatusconsulta scribuntur apud familiarem meum (i. e. Caesarem). Et quidem cum in mentem venit (Caesari), ponor ad scribendum (i. e. he adds my signature to it), id. ib. 9, 15, 4:

    quod me esse ad scribendum vides,

    id. Att. 1, 19, 9; id. Fam. 9, 15, 3: S. C. auctoritas. Pridie Kal. Octob. in aede Apollinis scrib. affuerunt L. Domitius, etc., an official formula ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 sq. (v. assum):

    Boeotorum gentem numquam ad scribendum amicitiae foedus adduci potuisse,

    to make, enter into, conclude, Liv. 42, 12.—
    2.
    Milit. t. t.: scribere milites (legiones, supplementum, etc.), to enlist, enroll, levy:

    milites,

    Sall. J. 43, 3:

    legiones,

    id. C. 32, 1:

    exercitui supplementum,

    id. J. 39, 2:

    supplementum legionibus,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 1; Liv. 8, 8:

    exercitum,

    id. 4, 43; 9, 8; 9, 19:

    equites,

    id. 10, 25; 21, 40; 35, 20:

    socios navales,

    id. 37, 2; so, too: sex milia colonorum Albam in Aequos, to enroll for the purpose of sending, to send, id. 10, 1:

    socios scribere in urbem,

    id. 4, 11, 4.—
    b.
    Poet., transf.:

    scribe tui gregis hunc,

    enroll him among your retinue, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 13.—
    3.
    Jurid. and business t. t.: dicam scribere (alicui), like dikên graphein tini, to bring an action in writing against any one (v. dica); of a lawyer, to draw up legal instruments (complaints or charges, contracts, wills, etc.):

    Servius hanc urbanam militiam respondendi, scribendi, cavendi secutus est,

    Cic. Mur. 9, 19; id. Fam. 7, 14 Manut.; cf. id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

    omnia testamenta tu scribes unus,

    id. de Or. 2, 6, 24; Dig. 28, 2, 25.—Hence, transf., with a personal object: aliquem heredem, to appoint or designate any one as heir:

    testamentum palam fecerat et illum heredem et me scripserat,

    Cic. Mil. 18, 48; cf.:

    in testamento Ptolemaei patris heredes erant scripti, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 108:

    quem Micipsa testamento secundum heredem scripsit,

    Sall. J. 65, 1; Auct. B. Alex. 33; Plin. Pan. 43, 1 sq.; Tac. A. 14, 31; Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Juv. 3, 161; 9, 87:

    aliquem coheredem,

    Tac. Agr. 43 fin.:

    aliquem exheredem,

    to disinherit any one by will, Dig. 37, 4, 8, §§

    1 and 6: aliquem tutorem liberis suis,

    to appoint as guardian by will, Cic. Clu. 14, 41:

    libertatem servo,

    to bequeath to a slave his freedom, Dig. 29, 2, 71.—Of contracts, notes, drafts, etc.:

    pulchre scripsti: scitum syngraphum!

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 57: nummos, usuras, etc. (alicui), to give a note or bond for:

    scribit nummos,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 34:

    sibi creditam pecuniam,

    Dig. 26, 7, 9, § 7:

    genero usuras praestandas quasi ex dotis promissione,

    ib. 4, 4, 17:

    lecta est cautio hujusmodi: Lutius Titius scripsi, me accepisse a Publio Maevio quindecim mutua numerata mihi de domo, etc.,

    ib. 12, 1, 40: scribe decem (tabulas) a Nerio, give ten notes or bonds drawn up by the usurer Nerius, Hor. S. 2, 3, 69. scriptos expendere nummos, v. l. ap. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105 (Hold. cautos); cf. rescribo.—Hence, scriptum, i, n., something written, viz.,
    A.
    (Acc. to I.) A line; so only: duodecim scripta, a game played with colored stones (calculi) on a draught-board marked into spaces by twelve oblique lines: tibi concedo, quod in duodecim scriptis olim, ut calculum reducas, si te alicujus dati poenitet, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 170, 30; cf.:

    in lusu duodecim scriptorum cum prior calculum promovisset essetque victus, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 2, 38;

    v. also scriptula, and Becker, Gall. 3, pp. 261 and 264 sq.: duodecim scriptis ludere,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217.—
    B.
    (Acc. to II.) A written composition, writing, treatise, book, work, etc. (most freq. in plur.):

    ex scripto et sententiā controversia nascitur cum videtur scriptoris voluntas cum scripto ipso dissentire,

    the writing, the written expression, Auct. Her. 1, 11, 19:

    incredibile dictu est, quam multi Graeci de harum valvarum pulchritudine scriptum reliquerunt,

    have left something written concerning it, speak of it in their writings, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124; so Quint. 6, 1, 7; cf. in plur., Cic. Rep. 1, 22, 36:

    quod a Democrito et Platone in scriptis relictum esse dicunt,

    id. de Or. 2, 46, 194:

    utinam exstarent illa carmina, quae multis saeculis ante suam aetatem in epulis esse cantata, in Originibus scriptum reliquit Cato!

    id. Brut. 19, 75: ut ipsis scriptis non ea mandaremus, id. Off. 2, 1, 3:

    in quo libro scriptum hoc invenitur,

    Quint. 1, 1, 15:

    Hortensius erat memoriā tantā, ut quae secum commentatus esset, ea sine scripto verbis eisdem redderet, quibus cogitavisset,

    without notes, Cic. Brut. 88, 301; cf. on the contrary: de scripto dicere, to speak or read from a written paper:

    recitetur oratio, quae propter rei magnitudinem dicta de scripto est,

    id. Planc. 30, 74; id. Phil. 10, 2, 5; id. Brut. 12, 46; id. Att. 4, 3, 3; id. Fam. 10, 13, 1:

    laudavit pater scripto meo,

    in a speech composed by me, id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 5:

    adire aliquem scripto,

    Tac. H. 4, 39:

    cum eorum inventis scriptisque se oblectent,

    writings, Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 28:

    ardeo cupiditate...nomen ut nostrum scriptis illustretur et celebretur tuis,

    id. Fam. 5, 12, 1:

    scripta recitare,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 75:

    nosmet Lucili scripta legentes,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 56:

    Graecorum Scripta optima,

    id. Ep. 2, 1, 29:

    si non accipiet scriptum,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 469:

    debueram scripto certior esse tuo,

    id. H. 6, 4.—
    2.
    (Acc. to II. B. 1.) Scriptum legis, and simply scriptum, a written ordinance, a law:

    quam tu mihi ex ordine recita de legis scripto populi Romani auctionem,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 48:

    (Crassus) ita multa tum contra scriptum pro aequo et bono dixit, ut, etc.,

    id. Brut. 39, 145; cf. id. Inv. 2, 46, 135; 2, 47, 138; cf.:

    (senatus) scripto illo istius sententiam dicere vetabatur,

    rescript, id. Dom. 26, 69.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > scribo

  • 20 fluo

    flŭo, xi, xum, 3 (archaic form of the sup.: FLUCTUM, acc. to Prisc. p. 817 P.; cf.: fluo, fluctum, Not. Tir. From this form are derived fluctio and fluctus. In Lucr. 6, 800, the correct read. is laveris, not flueris, v. Lachm. ad h. l.), v. n. [Gr. phlu-, phlusai, anaphluô, etc.; Lat. fleo, fletus; flumen, fluctus, etc.; orig. one root with fla-, to blow, q. v. and cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 302], to flow (cf.: mano, labor, etc.).
    I.
    Lit.: per amoenam urbem leni fluit agmine flumen, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Ann. v. 177 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

    ut flumina in contrarias partes fluxerint,

    Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78:

    flumen quod inter eum et Domitii castra fluebat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 37, 1; cf.

    also: aurea tum dicat per terras flumina vulgo Fluxisse,

    Lucr. 5, 911:

    fluvius Eurotas, qui propter Lacedaemonem fluit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 31, 96:

    Helvetiorum inter fines et Allobrogum Rhodanus fluit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 2:

    Arar in utram partem fluat,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 1:

    ea, quae natura fluerent atque manarent, ut aqua,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 39: fluens unda, water from a stream (opp.: putealis unda, spring-water), Col. 1, 5, 1:

    in foveam,

    Lucr. 2, 475; cf. id. 5, 271:

    fluxit in terram Remi cruor,

    Hor. Epod. 7, 19; cf. Luc. 6, 61:

    imber,

    Ov. P. 4, 4, 2:

    sanguis,

    id. M. 12, 312:

    fluit de corpore sudor,

    id. ib. 9, 173; cf.:

    sudor fluit undique rivis,

    Verg. A. 5, 200:

    aes rivis,

    id. ib. 8, 445:

    nudo sub pede musta fluunt,

    Ov. R. Am. 190:

    madidis fluit unda capillis,

    drips, id. M. 11, 656:

    cerebrum molle fluit,

    id. ib. 12, 435:

    fluunt lacrimae more perennis aquae,

    id. F. 2, 820:

    fluens nausea,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 35; cf.:

    alvus fluens,

    Cels. 2, 6:

    fluit ignibus aurum,

    becomes fluid, melts, Ov. M. 2, 251.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of bodies, to flow, overflow, run down, drip with any fluid.— With abl.:

    cum fluvius Atratus sanguine fluxit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 43, 98; Ov. M. 8, 400:

    cruore fluens,

    id. ib. 7, 343:

    sudore fluentia brachia,

    id. ib. 9, 57; cf.:

    fluunt sudore et lassitudine membra,

    Liv. 38, 17, 7; 7, 33, 14; cf. id. 10, 28, 4:

    pingui fluit unguine tellus,

    Val. Fl. 6, 360:

    vilisque rubenti Fluxit mulctra mero,

    overflows, Sil. 7, 190. —Without abl.:

    madidāque fluens in veste Menoetes,

    Verg. A. 5, 179:

    fluentes cerussataeque buccae,

    dripping with paint, Cic. Pis. 11, 25 (cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266, 2. b. infra):

    Graeculae vites acinorum exiguitate minus fluunt,

    i. e. yield but little wine, Col. 3, 2, 24; 3, 2, 5; 12, 52, 1.—With acc. of kin. signif.:

    Oenotria vina fluens,

    Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 264.—
    2.
    To move in the manner of fluids, to flow, stream, pour:

    inde alium (aëra) supra fluere,

    to flow, Lucr. 5, 514 and 522:

    unde fluens volvat varius se fluctus odorum,

    id. 4, 675 sq.; cf.:

    principio omnibus a rebus, quascumque videmus, Perpetuo fluere ac mitti spargique necesse est Corpora, quae feriant oculos visumque lacessant: Perpetuoque fluunt certis ab rebus odores, Frigus ut a fluviis, calor a sole, aestus ab undis Aequoris,

    id. 6, 922 sq.:

    aestus e lapide,

    id. 6, 1002:

    venti,

    id. 1, 280:

    fluit undique victor Mulciber,

    Sil. 17, 102:

    comae per levia colla fluentes,

    flowing, spreading, Prop. 2, 3, 13; cf.:

    blanditiaeque fluant per mea colla rosae,

    id. 4 (5), 6, 72:

    vestis fluens,

    flowing, loose, id. 3, 17 (4, 16), 32:

    tunicisque fluentibus,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 301:

    nodoque sinus collecta fluentes,

    Verg. A. 1, 320; cf.

    also: balteus nec strangulet nec fluat,

    Quint. 11, 3, 140:

    nec mersa est pelago, nec fluit ulla ratis,

    floats, is tossed about, Mart. 4, 66, 14:

    ramos compesce fluentes,

    floating around, spreading out, Verg. G. 2, 370:

    ad terram fluit devexo pondere cervix,

    droops, id. ib. 3, 524:

    omnisque relictis Turba fluit castris,

    pour forth, id. A. 12, 444:

    olli fluunt ad regia tecta,

    id. ib. 11, 236;

    so of a multitude or crowd of men: densatis ordinibus effuse fluentem in se aciem excepere,

    Curt. 6, 1, 6.—
    b.
    Pregn., of bodies, to pass away, fall away, to fall off or out, to vanish:

    excident gladii, fluent arma de manibus,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 3, 8:

    capilli fluunt,

    Cels. 6, 1; Plin. 27, 4, 5, § 17:

    sponte fluent (poma) matura suā,

    Ov. Am. 2, 14, 25:

    quasi longinquo fluere omnia cernimus aevo,

    Lucr. 2, 69; cf.:

    cuncta fluunt omnisque vagans formatur imago,

    Ov. M. 15, 178: dissolvuntur enim tum demum membra fluuntque, Lucr. 4, 919:

    surae fluxere,

    Luc. 9, 770:

    buccae fluentes,

    fallen in, lank, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to flow, spring, arise, come forth; to go, proceed:

    ex ejus (Nestoris) lingua melle dulcior fluebat oratio,

    Cic. de Sen. 10, 31:

    carmen vena pauperiore fluit,

    Ov. Pont. 4, 2, 20:

    Calidii oratio ita libere fluebat, ut nusquam adhaeresceret,

    Cic. Brut. 79, 274:

    in Herodoto omnia leniter fluunt,

    Quint. 9, 4, 18; cf.

    also: grammatice pleno jam satis alveo fluit,

    id. 2, 1, 4:

    quae totis viribus fluit oratio,

    id. 9, 4, 7:

    oratio ferri debet ac fluere,

    id. 9, 4, 112.— Transf., of the writer himself:

    alter (Herodotus) sine ullis salebris quasi sedatus amnis fluit,

    Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf.:

    (Lucilius) cum flueret lutulentus,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 11; 1, 10, 50; 1, 7, 28:

    facetiis,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 12:

    multa ab ea (luna) manant et fluunt, quibus animantes alantur augescantque,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 50:

    haec omnia ex eodem fonte fluxerunt,

    id. ib. 3, 19, 48:

    dicendi facultatem ex intimis sapientiae fontibus fluere,

    Quint. 12, 2, 6; 5, 10, 19; 5, 9, 14:

    omnia ex natura rerum hominumque fluere,

    id. 6, 2, 13:

    nomen ex Graeco fluxisse,

    id. 3, 4, 12:

    ab isto capite fluere necesse est omnem rationem bonorum et malorum,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 34; Quint. 1, 1, 12:

    unde id quoque vitium fluit,

    id. 11, 3, 109; 7, 3, 33:

    Pythagorae doctrina cum longe lateque flueret,

    spread itself, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

    multum fluxisse video de libris nostris variumque sermonem,

    id. N. D. 1, 3, 6:

    sic mihi tarda fluunt ingrataque tempora,

    flow, pass, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 23:

    in rebus prosperis et ad voluntatem nostram fluentibus,

    going, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90: rebus supra votum fluentibus, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 2, 169 (Hist. 1, 101 Dietsch); Tac. H. 3, 48; Just. 23, 3; cf.:

    rebus prospere fluentibus,

    succeeding, prospering, Tac. Or. 5; id. A. 15, 5: illius rationes quorsum fluant, proceed, Attic. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 4; cf.:

    res fluit ad interregnum,

    Cic. Att. 4, 16, 11;

    cuncta in Mithridatem fluxere,

    Tac. A. 11, 9.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of speech, etc., to flow uniformly, be monotonous:

    efficiendum est ne fluat oratio, ne vagetur, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 190:

    quod species ipsa carminum docet, non impetu et instinctu nec ore uno fluens,

    Tac. A. 14, 16; cf. Cic. Brut. 79.—Pregn., to dissolve, vanish, perish:

    qua (voluptate) cum liquescimus fluimusque mollitia,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:

    fluens mollitiis,

    Vell. 1, 6, 2; 2, 88, 2:

    cetera nasci, occidere, fluere, labi, nec diutius esse uno et eodem statu,

    Cic. Or. 3, 10:

    fluit voluptas corporis et prima quaeque avolat,

    id. Fin. 2, 32, 106:

    fluentem procumbentemque rem publicam populi Romani restituere,

    Vell. 2, 16 fin. —Hence,
    1.
    fluens, entis, P. a.
    A.
    Lax, relaxed, debauched, enervated, effeminate:

    inde soluti ac fluentes non accipiunt e scholis mala ista, sed in scholas afferunt,

    Quint. 1, 2, 8:

    Campani fluentes luxu,

    Liv. 7, 29, 5:

    incessu ipso ultra muliebrem mollitiem fluentes,

    Sen. Tranq. 15:

    fluentibus membris, incessu femineo,

    Aug. Civ. D. 7, 26.—
    B.
    Of speech,
    1.
    Flowing, fluent:

    sed in his tracta quaedam et fluens expetitur, non haec contorta et acris oratio,

    Cic. Or. 20, 66:

    lenis et fluens contextus,

    Quint. 9, 4, 127.—
    2.
    Lax, unrestrained:

    ne immoderata aut angusta aut dissoluta aut fluens sit oratio,

    Cic. Or. 58, 198:

    dissipata et inculta et fluens oratio,

    id. ib. 65, 220;

    and transf. of the speaker: in locis ac descriptionibus fusi ac fluentes sumus,

    Quint. 9, 4, 138.— Adv.: flŭenter, in a flowing, waving manner (very rare):

    res quaeque fluenter fertur,

    Lucr. 6, 935 (but not ib. 520, where the correct read. is cientur;

    v. Lachm.): capillo fluenter undante,

    App. M. 2, p. 122, 7. —
    2.
    fluxus, a, um, P. a. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    A.
    Lit., flowing, fluid:

    elementa arida atque fluxa, App. de Mundo: sucus,

    Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 133:

    vas fluxum pertusumque,

    i. e. leaking, Lucr. 6, 20.—
    2.
    Transf., flowing, loose, slack:

    ipsa crine fluxo thyrsum quatiens,

    Tac. A. 11, 31:

    habena,

    Liv. 38, 29, 6:

    amictus,

    Luc. 2, 362; cf.:

    ut cingeretur fluxiore cinctura,

    Suet. Caes. 45 fin.:

    fluxa arma,

    hanging slack, loose, Tac. H. 2, 99.—
    (β).
    Pregn., frail, perishable, weak:

    corpora,

    Tac. H. 2, 32; cf.:

    spadone eviratior fluxo,

    Mart. 5, 41, 1:

    (murorum) aevo fluxa,

    Tac. H. 2, 22. —
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Lax, loose, dissolute, careless:

    animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,

    Sall. C. 14, 5: cf.:

    animi fluxioris esse,

    Suet. Tib. 52:

    duces noctu dieque fluxi,

    Tac. H. 3, 76:

    spectaculum non enerve nec fluxum,

    Plin. Pan. 33, 1:

    fluxa atque aperta securitas,

    Gell. 4, 20, 8.—
    2.
    Pregn., frail, weak, fleeting, transient, perishable:

    res nostrae ut in secundis fluxae, ut in adversis bonae,

    decayed, impaired, disordered, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 1: hujus belli fortuna, ut in secundis, fluxa;

    ut in adversis, bona,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 10, 2:

    res humanae fluxae et mobiles,

    Sall. J. 104, 2:

    divitiarum et formae gloria fluxa atque fragilis est,

    id. C. 1, 4; cf.:

    instabile et fluxum,

    Tac. A. 13, 19:

    fluxa auctoritas,

    id. H. 1, 21:

    cave fidem fluxam geras,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 79:

    fides,

    Sall. J. 111, 2; Liv. 40, 50, 5; cf.:

    fluxa et vana fides,

    unreliable, unstable, id. 28, 6, 11; Tac. H. 2, 75; 4, 23:

    studia inania et fluxa,

    id. A. 3, 50 fin.:

    fluxa senio mens,

    id. ib. 6, 38.— Adv.: fluxē, remissly, negligently (post-class. and rare):

    more vitae remissioris fluxius agens,

    Amm. 18, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fluo

См. также в других словарях:

  • speech or debate clause — speech or de·bate clause n often cap S&D&C: a clause in Article I of the U.S. Constitution granting members of Congress a privilege from arrest and legislative immunity for any speech or debate made in either of the houses – called also speech… …   Law dictionary

  • Speech or Debate Clause — United States of America This article is part of the series: United States Constitution Original text of the Constitution Preamble Articles of the Constitution I · …   Wikipedia

  • speech or debate clause — Art. 1, No. 6, cl. 1 of U.S. Constitution grants congressmen immunity for any speech or debate in either House. The courts have extended this privilege to matters beyond pure speech and debate in either House, but only when necessary to prevent… …   Black's law dictionary

  • speech impediment — noun any speech disorder …   Wiktionary

  • speech disorder — n. any conspicuous speech imperfection, or variation from accepted speech patterns, caused either by a physical defect in the speech organs or by a mental disorder, as aphasia, stuttering, etc. * * * ▪ medicine Introduction       any of the… …   Universalium

  • speech — /speech/, n. 1. the faculty or power of speaking; oral communication; ability to express one s thoughts and emotions by speech sounds and gesture: Losing her speech made her feel isolated from humanity. 2. the act of speaking: He expresses… …   Universalium

  • Speech-Language Pathology in School Settings — Speech language pathology is a fast growing profession that, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, offers about 96,000 jobs in the United States alone. It relates to many educational disciplines such as communication sciences, linguistics …   Wikipedia

  • Speech Code Theory — refers to a framework for communication in a given speech community. As an academic discipline, it explores the manner in which groups communicate based on societal, cultural, gender, occupational or other factors.A basic definition of speech… …   Wikipedia

  • Speech sound disorder — Speech sound disorders are speech disorders in which some speech sounds (called phonemes) in a child s (or, sometimes, an adult s) native language are either not produced, not produced correctly, or are not used correctly. General characteristics …   Wikipedia

  • Speech and language pathology — Speech language pathology is the study of disorders that affect a person s speech, language, cognition, voice, swallowing (dysphagia) and the rehabilitative or corrective treatment of physical and/or cognitive deficits/disorders resulting in… …   Wikipedia

  • Speech perception — is the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted and understood. The study of speech perception is closely linked to the fields of phonetics and phonology in linguistics and cognitive psychology and perception in psychology.… …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»